Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024

Abstract In the last decade, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA)-based drugs have gained great interest in both immunotherapy and non-immunogenic applications. This surge can be largely attributed to demonstration of distinct advantages offered by various mRNA molecules, alongside rapid advancements nucleic delivery systems. It is noteworthy that immunogenicity presents a double-edged sword. context immunotherapy, extra supplementation adjuvant generally required for induction robust immune responses. Conversely, non-immunotherapeutic scenarios, activation unwanted considering host tolerability high expression demand mRNA-encoded functional proteins. Herein, mainly focused on linear non-replicating mRNA, we overview preclinical clinical progress prospects medicines encompassing vaccines other therapeutics. We also highlight importance focusing host-specific variations, including age, gender, pathological condition, concurrent medication individual patient, maximized efficacy safety upon administration. Furthermore, deliberate potential challenges may encounter realm disease treatment, current endeavors improvement, as well application future advancements. Overall, this review aims present comprehensive understanding mRNA-based therapies while illuminating prospective development drugs.

Язык: Английский

---

An in vitro nanocarrier-based B cell antigen loading system; tumor growth suppression via transfusion of the antigen-loaded B cells in vivo

International Journal of Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 125189 - 125189

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Vaccines for cancer interception in familial adenomatous polyposis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an inherited autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline mutations in the coli (APC) gene. FAP associated with development of hundreds adenomas small and large intestines individuals starting teenage years a near 100% risk developing colorectal cancer adulthood. Eventually polyps develop throughout gastrointestinal tract. Chemoprevention approaches have been somewhat successful reducing polyp burden, but not reduced or other cancers. The lack efficacy more standard drug may be due to limited exposure agent only specific periods while being metabolized, penetrance colon, patient adherence daily dosing side effects. success immune therapy for treatment invasive has led research focused on use based control FAP, specifically directed vaccines. Vaccines targeting antigens expressed lesions superior method burden prevent disease progression as compared classic chemoprevention drugs. A number vaccines can administered over short period time generate lasting response. Appropriately primed antigen T-cells traffic any site body where expressed, recognize, eliminate expressing cell. Immunologic memory will allow response persist specificity limit toxicity targeted polyp. This review examine current state against highlight challenges opportunities translating interception clinic.

Язык: Английский

---

Extracellular Vesicle‐Based Antitumor Nanomedicines

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising bioactive carriers for delivering therapeutic agents, including nucleic acids, proteins, and small‐molecule drugs, owing to their excellent physicochemical stability biocompatibility. However, comprehensive reviews on the various types of EV‐based nanomedicines cancer therapy remain scarce. This review explores potential EVs antitumor nanomedicines. Methods EV extraction, drug loading, engineering modifications are systematically examined, strengths limitations these technical approaches critically assessed. Additionally, key strategies developing therapies highlighted. Finally, opportunities challenges associated with advancing toward clinical translation discussed. With integration multiple disciplines, robust platforms expected be manufactured provide more personalized effective solutions oncology patients.

Язык: Английский

---

The critical role of immune response in lung cancer and its treatment progress

New discovery., Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 12

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Lung cancer, one of the most malignant tumors globally, continues to pose a significant threat human health due its high morbidity and mortality. While traditional treatments have made strides in controlling tumor growth, they often come with severe side effects. With advancements medical technology, immunotherapy has emerged as promising approach, yet there remains lack comprehensive research summarizing these methods. This paper aims review current progress for lung cancer. Conducted methods involved searching key terms such immune response cancer PubMed database, focusing on related classification, mechanisms, therapeutic strategies over past decade. The results highlight background, types, epidemiology, treatment status, anti-tumor immunity, checkpoint inhibitors, various so offer critical insights clinicians researchers lay out valuable references promote effective management

Язык: Английский

---

Zinc Ion-Coordinated Sericin Calcium Phosphate Nanovaccines Induce Hyperactive Dendritic Cells and Synergistic Activation of T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025

Peptide-based neoantigen vaccines are promising cancer immunotherapy strategies because of their capability to induce durable tumor-specific immune responses. However, insufficient neoantigen-specific T-lymphocyte activation greatly limits clinical efficacy. Here, we developed sericin-coordinated zinc ion-modified calcium phosphate (CP) nanovaccines that codeliver tumor antigen peptides and a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist (SZCP/APs-CpG) for potentiating antigen-specific T cell immunity. SZCP/APs-CpG could yield efficient codelivery adjuvants dendritic cells (DCs) in draining lymph nodes (dLNs), hyperactive DCs depending on the inflammasome-dependent interleukin-1β secretion, coordinate released Zn2+-induced elicit robust Vaccination with exhibited potent anticancer efficacy superior safety multiple murine models significantly protected against B16-OVA rechallenge eradicated orthotopic colon mice when combined checkpoint blockade. Thus, our work presents an versatile nanovaccine platform boosting immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

---

Engineering bioactive mineralized tumor cells for tumor immunotherapy

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Introduction Whole-cell tumor vaccines are advantageous because of their ability to induce a broad and multifaceted immune response through the presentation wide range antigens, thereby enhancing system recognize target cancerous cells. Method In this study, we present multifunctional vaccine that consists manganese-mineralized cells positively charged polymer-immobilized CpG. The Mn 2+ CpG released from engineered facilitate maturation dendritic activation cGAS-STING TLR9 pathways, respectively. Result As consequence, derived B16F10 exhibited pronounced tumor-suppressive effect, reducing volume approximately one-fifth in control group, significantly extending survival day 30 tumor-bearing mice. This superior therapeutic outcome is associated with enhanced cells, increased infiltration NK CD8 + T production cytokines within microenvironment. Discussion Together, our study highlights immense potential engineering bioactive mineralized whole-cell vaccine-based immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

---

Tumor Cell Membrane Biomimetic Mesoporous Silicon Materials in Combination with PD-L1 Knockout Achieved through the CRISPR/Cas9 System for Targeted and Immunotherapeutic Purposes

Bioconjugate Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2025

Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems, which enable the effective and targeted of chemotherapeutic drugs to tumors, have revolutionized cancer therapy. Mesoporous silicon materials (MSN) emerged as promising candidates for due their unique properties. The therapeutic efficacy can be significantly enhanced when treatments exhibit both targeting antiphagocytic In this study, cell membranes extracted from B16-F10 cells were used encapsulate carboplatin (CBP)-loaded MSN via physical extrusion. Additionally, we intratumorally injected a plasmid containing CRISPR/Cas9 system achieve PD-L1 knockout, thereby reactivating immune system. membrane coating endowed CBP@MSN with excellent slow-release capability cytocompatibility. Enhanced tumor uptake CBP@MSN@M was observed homologous by membranes. Moreover, demonstrated antitumor in vivo promoted proliferation cells. Finally, effect further improved knockout within microenvironment. These results suggest that newly prepared CBP@MSN@M, combined holds significant potential an approach treating tumors.

Язык: Английский

---

Bioinspired Membrane‐Based Cancer Vaccines for Immunotherapy: Progress and Perspectives

Small, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2025

Abstract Cancer vaccines hold promise for tumor immunotherapy, with their success hinging on effective systems to boost anti‐tumor immunity. Biological membranes are not only a delivery vehicle but also source of antigens and adjuvants, garnering growing interest in vaccine research. This review starts an introduction the composition mechanisms cancer describes sources, advantages/disadvantages, engineering strategies, applications these membrane‐based platforms development. offers critical analysis discusses further direction platform view clinical translation immunotherapy.

Язык: Английский

---

Opportunities and Challenges for Nanomaterials as Vaccine Adjuvants

Small Methods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

Abstract Adjuvants, as a critical component of vaccines, are capable eliciting more robust and sustained immune responses. Nanomaterials have shown unique advantages broad application prospects in adjuvant development due to their high adjustability distinctive physicochemical properties. This review focuses on nanoadjuvants immunological mechanisms. First, various types adjuvants introduced with an emphasis metal oxide nanoparticles, coordination polymers, liposomes, polymer other inorganic nanoparticles that can serve vaccine adjuvants. Second, this describes the current status clinical applications nanoadjuvants. Next, mechanisms action for been thoroughly elucidated, including depot effect, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, targeting C‐type lectin receptors, activation toll‐like cGAS‐STING signaling pathway. Finally, challenges opportunities associated also addressed.

Язык: Английский

---