Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2023
Abstract
Active
metasurfaces
provide
unique
advantages
for
on-demand
light
manipulation
at
a
subwavelength
scale
emerging
applications
of
3D
displays,
augmented/virtual
reality
(AR/VR)
glasses,
holographic
projectors
and
detection
ranging
(LiDAR).
These
put
stringent
requirements
on
switching
speed,
cycling
duration,
controllability
over
intermediate
states,
modulation
contrast,
optical
efficiency
operation
voltages.
However,
previous
demonstrations
focus
only
particular
subsets
these
key
performance
device
implementation,
while
the
other
metrics
have
remained
too
low
any
practical
use.
Here,
we
demonstrate
an
active
Huygens’
metasurface
based
in-situ
grown
conductive
polymer
with
holistic
performance,
including
speed
60
frames
per
second
(fps),
duration
more
than
2000
cycles
without
noticeable
degradation,
hysteresis-free
contrast
1400%,
28%
voltage
range
within
1
V.
Our
design
meets
all
foundational
display
can
be
readily
incorporated
into
concepts
to
deliver
high-reliability
electrical
control
its
response,
paving
way
compact
robust
electro-optic
metadevices.
Advanced Optical Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025
Abstract
Microscale
three‐dimensional
(3D)‐printing,
with
its
remarkable
precision
and
ability
to
create
complex
structures,
has
transformed
a
wide
range
of
applications,
from
micro‐optics
photonics
endoscopy
quantum
technologies.
In
these
fields,
miniaturization
plays
crucial
role
in
unlocking
new
capabilities.
However,
despite
advancements,
most
3D‐printed
optical
structures
have
remained
static,
lacking
dynamic
behavior
tunability.
this
study,
novel
approach
is
presented
that
combines
direct
laser
writing
the
electrically
switchable
properties
conductive
polymer
poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene
sulfonate)
(PEDOT:PSS).
This
integration
facilitates
creation
directly
on
objects,
marking
significant
step
toward
adaptive
devices.
The
fabrication
tunable
demonstrated
via
using
PEDOT:PSS
indium
tin
oxide
(ITO)‐coated
glass
substrates,
as
well
beneath
atop
static
structures.
It
found
electrical
conductivity
greyscale
remains
intact
after
writing.
switching
speed,
durability,
gradual
tunability
material
are
explored
upon
complementary
metal‐oxide‐semiconductor
(CMOS)‐compatible
voltages
ranging
−3
+2
V.
future,
advancement
opens
exciting
possibilities
micro‐optics,
such
apertures
printed
onto
micro‐optical
lenses.
Abstract
Mid‐infrared
plasmonic
resonance
enables
nanoscale
light
confinement
at
mid‐infrared
frequencies,
leading
to
various
applications
ranging
from
compact
infrared
lasers
biological
and
chemical
sensing.
However,
upon
fabricated,
resonators
normally
have
a
fixed
frequency,
which
limits
their
application
frequency
range
hinders
the
dynamic
tuning
potential.
Here,
with
flexible
PEDOT:PSS
((poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate))
conducting
polymer
as
medium,
highly
tunable
reversible
resonances
are
demonstrated
via
mechanical
stretching.
Such
resonances,
based
on
stretching‐induced
grating‐type
morphology
of
thin‐film,
can
be
readily
tuned
across
large
≈7500
1500
cm
−1
.
In
addition,
well
in
recovery
process
reproducible
under
1000
stretching‐recovery
cycles.
Furthermore,
also
show
sensing
ability
by
enabling
surface‐enhanced
absorption
molecular
moieties.
The
work
paves
new
way
for
active
will
promote
development
devices.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Май 21, 2025
Abstract
Dynamically
switchable
surface
plasmons
in
conducting
polymers
constitute
an
emerging
route
towards
intelligent
metasurfaces,
but
polymer
have
so
far
suffered
from
weak
resonances
with
low
quality
factors
(
Q
<
1-2).
Here,
we
address
this
by
nonlocal
coupling
of
individual
poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)
(PEDOT)
nanoantennas
through
collective
lattice
(CLR)
periodic
arrays
(with
resonance
wavelengths
around
2.0-4.5
μm).
The
results
show
that
careful
tuning
CLR
matching
conditions
enables
organic
plasmonic
up
to
12.
Angle-dependent
extinction
spectra
connect
the
enhancement
radiative
diffractive
effects.
Furthermore,
strength
between
nanoantenna
units
and
could
be
modulated
via
redox
reactions,
enabling
narrow
CLRs
reversibly
switched
large
modulation
depth
(between
7%
45%
extinction).
By
improving
,
study
circumvents
previous
limitations
plasmonics
shows
feasibility
for
practical
applications
active
metasurfaces
nano-optics.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(40), С. 21569 - 21576
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Electrically
tunable
and
electrode-free
metasurfaces
using
plasmonic
polymer
inverted
nanoantenna
arrays
can
operate
across
the
entire
spectral
range
of
material,
including
mid-infrared
region.
Nanophotonics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(1), С. 39 - 49
Опубликована: Дек. 25, 2023
Abstract
Active
metasurfaces
provide
unique
advantages
for
on-demand
light
manipulation
at
a
subwavelength
scale
emerging
visual
applications
of
displays,
holographic
projectors,
optical
sensors,
detection
and
ranging
(LiDAR).
These
put
stringent
requirements
on
switching
speed,
cycling
duration,
electro-optical
controllability,
modulation
contrast,
efficiency
operation
voltages.
However,
previous
demonstrations
focus
only
particular
subsets
these
key
performance
device
implementation,
while
the
other
metrics
have
remained
too
low
any
practical
use.
Here,
we
demonstrate
an
active
Huygens’
metasurface
based
conductive
polyaniline
(PANI),
which
can
be
in-situ
grown
optimized
metasurface.
We
achieved
simultaneously
speed
60
frame
per
second
(fps),
duration
more
than
2000
cycles
without
noticeable
degradation,
hysteresis-free
controllability
over
intermediate
states,
contrast
1400
%,
28
%
voltage
range
within
1
V.
Such
PANI-powered
design
readily
incorporated
into
concepts
to
deliver
high-reliability
electrical
control
its
response,
paving
way
compact
robust
electro-optic
metadevices.
Journal of Materials Chemistry C,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(30), С. 11579 - 11585
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
PEDOT
Nanoparticles,
generated
by
the
combined
use
of
e-beam
lithography
and
electropolymerization
show,
after
secondary
doping,
unprecedented
LSPR
maximum
close
to
visible
range.
Journal of Materials Chemistry C,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(43), С. 17469 - 17474
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
We
show
that
the
n-type
conducting
polymer
PBFDO
can
be
optically
metallic
for
wavelengths
above
around
695
nm
after
post-treatment,
and
nanostructures
of
material
act
as
optical
nanoantennas
are
dynamically
switchable.
Advanced Optical Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024
Abstract
Improving
light
absorption
is
essential
for
the
development
of
solar
thermoelectric
generators.
Most
efficient
absorbers
require
a
back
mirror
(a
thick
metal
film)
to
reduce
reflectivity
by
promoting
interference
between
incident
and
reflected
light.
However,
presence
continuous
film
supposes
limitation
applications,
as
it
behaves
like
shortcut
Seebeck
voltage.
In
this
work,
mirror‐free
selective
absorber
presented,
designed
fabrication
devices.
The
combination
high
low
refractive
index
material
covered
semi‐transparent
electrode
optimized.
As
difference
mirror,
can
be
patterned
prevent
quenching
Thanks
this,
replaced
transparent
thermoelectric,
enabling
heat‐to‐energy
conversion
with
negligible
loss
performance.
