The
advent
of
metasurfaces
has
revolutionized
the
design
optical
instruments,
and
recent
advancements
in
fabrication
techniques
are
further
accelerating
their
practical
applications.
However,
conventional
top-down
intricate
nanostructures
proves
to
be
expensive
time-consuming,
posing
challenges
for
large-scale
production.
Here,
we
propose
a
cost-effective
bottom-up
approach
create
nanostructure
arrays
with
arbitrarily
complex
meta-atoms
displaying
single
nanoparticle
lateral
resolution
over
submillimeter
areas,
minimizing
need
advanced
high-cost
nanofabrication
equipment.
By
utilizing
air/water
interface
assembly,
transfer
nanoparticles
onto
templated
polydimethylsiloxane
(PDMS)
irrespective
nanopattern
density,
shape,
or
size.
We
demonstrate
robust
assembly
nanocubes
into
diverse
configurations
generally
unachievable
by
methods,
including
U,
L,
cross,
S,
T,
gammadion,
split-ring
resonators,
Pancharatnam–Berry
designer
functionalities.
also
show
nanocube
epitaxy
at
near
ambient
temperature
transform
continuous
that
can
swiftly
transferred
from
PDMS
various
substrates
via
contact
printing.
Our
potentially
offers
manufacturing
alternative
metal
nanostructuring,
unlocking
possibilities
realm
nanophotonics.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025
Changes
in
the
density
and
organization
of
fibrous
biological
tissues
often
accompany
progression
serious
diseases
ranging
from
fibrosis
to
neurodegenerative
diseases,
heart
disease
cancer.
However,
challenges
cost,
complexity,
or
precision
faced
by
existing
imaging
methodologies
materials
pose
barriers
elucidating
role
tissue
microstructure
disease.
Here,
we
leverage
intrinsic
optical
anisotropy
Morpho
butterfly
wing
introduce
Morpho-Enhanced
Polarized
Light
Microscopy
(MorE-PoL),
a
stain-
contact-free
platform
that
enhances
quantifies
birefringent
material
properties
tissues.
We
develop
mathematical
model,
based
on
Jones
calculus,
which
describes
organization.
As
representative
example,
analyzed
collagen-dense
collagen-sparse
human
breast
cancer
sections
our
technique
assess
microstructural
distinct
regions
interest.
compare
results
with
conventional
Hematoxylin
Eosin
(H&E)
staining
procedures
second
harmonic
generation
(SHG)
microscopy
for
fibrillar
collagen
detection.
Our
findings
demonstrate
MorE-PoL
provides
robust,
quantitative,
accessible
route
toward
analyzing
microstructures,
great
potential
application
broad
range
materials.
Laser & Photonics Review,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
Abstract
Polymerase
chain
reaction
(PCR)
is
a
critical
tool
for
nucleic
acid
amplification
in
molecular
diagnosis
and
genetic
analysis.
Point‐of‐care
(POC)
devices
are
essential
controlling
the
spread
of
infectious
diseases,
but
developing
cost‐effective
chip‐based
PCR
systems
remains
challenge.
This
study
introduces
photonic
chip
featuring
perfect
metamaterial
absorber
made
Ti
3
C
2
T
x
MXene,
silicon
dioxide
(SiO
),
gold
nanoparticles
(GNP)
metal‐insulator‐metal
(MIM)
configuration.
Fabricated
via
solution‐processing
approach,
demonstrates
98%
light
absorption
without
need
expensive
lithographic
methods.
Utilizing
940
nm
infrared
(IR)
LED,
achieves
efficient
photothermal
effects
with
heating
rates
≈8.3
°C
s⁻¹
cooling
≈7.2
during
30
cycles
λ‐DNA
SARS‐CoV‐2
amplification,
transitioning
from
65
to
95
°C.
The
low
cost
high
efficiency
MXene‐based
absorbers
highlight
their
potential
as
key
components
ultrafast,
energy‐efficient
diagnostic
chips
suitable
on‐site
applications.
Achieving
ultrahigh
quality
factor
optical
resonances
is
crucial
for
advancing
low-threshold
lasers,
high-sensitivity
sensors,
and
nonlinear
photonics.
While
dielectric
metasurfaces
supporting
quasi-bound
states
in
the
continuum
(qBICs)
show
great
potential,
their
experimental
realization
has
been
challenging
due
to
difficulty
of
precisely
controlling
symmetry-breaking
at
nanoscale.
Here,
we
introduce
a
precision-controlled
symmetry-protected
qBIC
method
using
angular
perturbations
tune
asymmetry,
ensuring
both
high
precision
reproducibility
Q-factors.
In
contrast
traditional
SP-qBIC
excitation,
which
relies
on
uncontrolled
our
offers
more
accurate
consistent
control
by
tuning
instead
structural
variations.
Additionally,
approach
defines
lower
limit
achievable
Q-factors,
providing
reliable
bound.
The
demonstration
SP-qBICs
composite
nanoslit
achieves
record-breaking
Q-factor
1.1
×
105-the
highest
reported
date.
These
findings
offer
promising
platform
designing
ultrahigh-Q
resonators
next-generation
photonic-applications.
Nanofabrication,
a
pivotal
technology
at
the
intersection
of
nanoscale
engineering
and
high-resolution
patterning,
has
substantially
advanced
over
recent
decades.
This
enables
creation
nanopatterns
on
substrates
crucial
for
developing
nanophotonic
devices
other
applications
in
diverse
fields
including
electronics
biosciences.
Here,
this
mega-review
comprehensively
explores
various
facets
nanofabrication
focusing
its
application
nanophotonics.
It
delves
into
techniques
like
focused
ion
beam
electron
lithography,
methods
3D
complex
structure
fabrication,
scalable
manufacturing
approaches,
material
compatibility
considerations.
Special
attention
is
given
to
emerging
trends
such
as
utilization
two-photon
lithography
structures
materials
phase
change
substances
2D
with
excitonic
properties.
By
highlighting
these
advancements,
review
aims
provide
insights
ongoing
evolution
nanofabrication,
encouraging
further
research
creating
functional
nanostructures.
work
encapsulates
critical
developments
future
perspectives,
offering
detailed
narrative
state-of-the-art
tailored
both
new
researchers
seasoned
experts
field.
Abstract
Nanophotonics,
which
explores
significant
light–matter
interactions
at
the
nanoscale,
has
facilitated
advancements
across
numerous
research
fields.
A
key
objective
in
this
area
is
design
of
ultra-compact,
high-performance
nanophotonic
devices
to
pave
way
for
next-generation
photonics.
While
conventional
brute-force,
intuition-based
forward
methods
have
produced
successful
solutions
over
past
several
decades,
recent
developments
optimization
and
artificial
intelligence
offer
new
potential
expand
these
capabilities.
In
review,
we
delve
into
latest
progress
inverse
devices,
where
AI
are
leveraged
automate
enhance
process.
We
discuss
representative
commonly
employed
design,
including
various
meta-heuristic
algorithms
such
as
trajectory-based,
evolutionary,
swarm-based
approaches,
addition
adjoint-based
optimization.
Furthermore,
explore
state-of-the-art
deep
learning
techniques,
involving
discriminative
models,
generative
reinforcement
learning.
also
introduce
categorize
notable
inverse-designed
their
respective
methodologies.
Additionally,
summarize
open-source
tools
commercial
foundries.
Finally,
provide
our
perspectives
on
current
challenges
while
offering
insights
future
directions
that
could
further
advance
rapidly
evolving
field.
Applied Physics Letters,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
126(9)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Quasi-bound
states
in
the
continuum
(QBICs)
mid-infrared
region
have
been
widely
explored
to
enhance
light–matter
interactions
for
biochemical
sensing.
However,
their
steep
dispersion
bands
often
limit
Q-factor
stability
under
focused
light.
Here,
we
design
and
experimentally
demonstrate
a
super
QBIC
within
flatband
by
introducing
lateral
geometric
perturbations
square
lattice
of
etched
holes
high-index
Ge
films,
enabling
strong
coupling
between
energy
bands.
The
achieves
theoretical
two
orders
magnitude
higher
than
conventional
QBICs,
with
nearly
zero
group
velocity,
supports
ultra-narrowband
resonances
slow
light
effect.
Experimentally,
report
robust
∼270
at
tilted
angle,
full
width
half
maximum
∼22
nm,
field
enhancement
∼23
accessible
optical
cavities.
Vibrational
is
achieved
mode
C=O
vibrational
polymethylmethacrylate
molecules,
Rabi
splitting
24.2
cm−1
detuning.
Differential
transmission
spectra
reveal
fivefold
molecular
absorption
due
localization.
These
results
potential
metasurfaces
advancing
surface-enhanced
infrared
micrometer
scale.
Photonics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(5), С. 442 - 442
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
The
interplay
between
two
paradigms,
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
and
optical
metasurfaces,
nowadays
appears
obvious
unavoidable.
AI
is
permeating
literally
all
facets
of
human
activity,
from
science
arts
to
everyday
life.
On
the
other
hand,
metasurfaces
offer
diverse
sophisticated
multifunctionalities,
many
which
appeared
impossible
only
a
short
time
ago.
use
for
optimization
general
approach
that
has
become
ubiquitous.
However,
here
we
are
witnessing
two-way
process—AI
improving
but
some
also
AI.
helps
design,
analyze
utilize
while
ensure
creation
all-optical
chips.
This
ensures
positive
feedback
where
each
enhances
one:
this
may
well
be
revolution
in
making.
A
vast
number
publications
already
cover
either
first
or
second
direction;
modest
includes
both.
an
attempt
make
reader-friendly
critical
overview
emerging
synergy.
It
succinctly
reviews
research
trends,
stressing
most
recent
findings.
Then,
it
considers
possible
future
developments
challenges.
author
hopes
broad
interdisciplinary
will
useful
both
dedicated
experts
scholarly
audience.
