Neurobiological Implications of Chronic Stress and Metabolic Dysregulation in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9), С. 220 - 220

Опубликована: Сен. 18, 2024

Chronic stress is a significant factor affecting modern society, with profound implications for both physical and mental health. Central to the response cortisol, glucocorticoid hormone produced by adrenal glands. While cortisol release adaptive in acute stress, prolonged exposure elevated levels can result adverse effects. This manuscript explores neurobiological of chronic its impact on metabolic dysregulation, particularly context inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis regulates production, which influences metabolism, immune response, neurobiology. Elevated are associated development exacerbation disorders like IBD contribute neurodegenerative processes, including cognitive impairments increased susceptibility psychiatric conditions. interaction between receptors, underscores complexity these review aims elucidate mechanisms through dysregulation health function, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies mitigating

Язык: Английский

---

Next generation bioelectronic medicine: making the case for non-invasive closed-loop autonomic neuromodulation

Bioelectronic Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Abstract The field of bioelectronic medicine has advanced rapidly from rudimentary electrical therapies to cutting-edge closed-loop systems that integrate real-time physiological monitoring with adaptive neuromodulation. Early innovations, such as cardiac pacemakers and deep brain stimulation, paved the way for these sophisticated technologies. This review traces historical technological progression medicine, culminating in emerging potential devices multiple disorders body. We emphasize both invasive techniques, implantable brain, spinal cord autonomic regulation, while we introduce new prospects non-invasive neuromodulation, including focused ultrasound newly developed neurography enabling precise detection titration inflammatory immune responses. case neuromodulation (incorporating splenic stimulation) is presented through its applications conditions sepsis chronic inflammation, illustrating capacity revolutionize personalized healthcare. Today, or have yet be dynamically modulate nervous system function by responding molecular signals; it represents a transformative approach therapeutic interventions major opportunity which may advance. Knowledge gaps remain likely contribute lack available closed loop systems, namely, (1) significant exogenous endogenous noise must filtered out, (2) drift signal due temporal change disease severity and/or therapy induced neuroplasticity, (3) confounding effects (e.g., concurrent medications dysregulate functions). Leveraging continuous feedback adjustments overcome many barriers, next generation stand at forefront precision offering avenues individualized treatment.

Язык: Английский

---

2D Heterostructure-Based Sweat and Heat Sensors

ACS Applied Electronic Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

2D heterostructures, made by stacking ultrathin materials, are becoming key for advanced sweat and heat sensors in noninvasive health monitoring. These meticulously designed structures leverage the synergistic properties of individual materials. Integration graphene transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) enables highly selective that monitor electrolytes, offering insights into hydration electrolyte imbalances. In this regard, there is considerable versatility sensor types, which covered throughout review. Some examples include electrochemical sensors, enzyme-free, Joule-heating, flexible stretchable, molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP), multimodal, among others. On other hand, also a plethora can be developed through use heterostructures. A widely explored material hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), displays exceptional thermal conductivity. By combining h-BN with researchers engineer heterostructures accurately flux, providing core body temperature data thermoregulation purposes. However, challenges such as long-term stability biocompatible integration remain. Yet, sensing great terms types available, based on thermoresistivity, expansion, thermally induced phase change, optical heat, calorimetric, Even though current to improvement their biocompatibility, robusticity, optimization manufacturing large-scale applications, future heterostructure-based bright. addressing these continuously innovating, revolutionize personalized monitoring, empower individuals track metrics real time, pave way wearable devices, ultimately improving wellness management athletic performance. This review explores emerging applications heterostructure nanomaterials development The ability conveniently noninvasively assess biomarkers holds significant promise technologies. discusses state-of-the-art material-based including recent advancements materials design, fabrication, analysis. Challenges related production, stability, platforms discussed. Finally, outlines research directions, highlighting need developing cost-effective fabrication methods, integrating analytics real-time monitoring medicine.

Язык: Английский

---

Exploratory study of salivary cortisol levels among Syrian refugee children

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107443 - 107443

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Toward At-Home and Wearable Monitoring of Female Hormones: Emerging Nanotechnologies and Clinical Prospects

ACS Sensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(1), С. 54 - 75

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Steroid hormones, especially progesterone (P4), estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T), are key bioactive regulators in various female physiological processes, including growth development, ovulation, the reproductive cycle, as well metabolism mental health. As lipophilic molecules produced sex glands, these steroid hormones can be transported through blood vessels into body fluids such saliva, sweat, urine. However, ultralow concentration of down to picomolar (pM) level necessitates great demands for ultrasensitive but low-cost analytic tools implement accurate, point-of-care or even continuous monitoring a user-friendly fashion. This review focuses on latest advances materials nanotechnologies allow rapid detection at pM below potentials at-home wearable hormone monitoring. We specifically summarize optical electrochemical strategies this category, particularly those affording low cost portable signal readout use. Furthermore, emerging flexible/wearable innovations highlighted, which cycle tracking noninvasive manner. The potential techniques is discussed address need real-time acquisition fluctuation, facilitating health home. Lastly, we provide comprehensive introduction prospects clinical diagnosis treatment, from perspective gynecology medicine clinicians.

Язык: Английский

---

Tracking inflammation status for improving patient prognosis: A review of current methods, unmet clinical needs and opportunities

Biotechnology Advances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 108592 - 108592

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Conductive and flexible gold-coated polylactic acid nanofiber-based electrochemical aptasensor for monitoring cortisol level in sweat and saliva

Bioelectrochemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 163, С. 108908 - 108908

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Conductive nanofibers can exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as flexibility, elasticity, porosity, large surface area-to-volume ratio, etc making them suitable for a wide range of applications including biosensor development. Their area provides more active sites immobilization amount bioreceptors enabling interaction with the target analytes, enhancing sensitivity and detection capabilities. However, engineering conductive is challenging limiting their effective deployment intended applications. In this research, we propose novel approach easy fabrication highly flexible nanofiber leveraging electrospinning, electroless deposition have applied it to cortisol monitoring; common biomarker stress which often quantified through enzyme-linked immunoassays using blood or saliva samples. By adopting sheet transducer aptamer sensing our developed was able detect in buffer, artificial saliva, sweat within five minutes, from 10 pg/mL µg/mL (27.59 pM 27.59 µM) low limit 1 pg/ml (2.76 pM). The Au-coated PLA nanofiber-based electrochemical biosensor's flexibility allows compact manufacturing, rendering an optimal choice integration into point-of-care testing wearable systems.

Язык: Английский

---

Biosensors and Biomarkers for the Detection of Motion Sickness

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025

Motion sickness (MS) is a prevalent syndrome that predominantly occurs during transportation and virtual reality (VR). The absence of reliable indicators detection methods makes precise diagnosis difficult. Biomarker concentrations trends may imply individual susceptibility, symptom classification, the specific progression MS. It therefore essential to explore biosensors capable providing sensitive, accurate, real-time monitoring biomarkers. This review provides summary pathogenesis biological pathways underlying MS, followed by an examination biomarkers their research progress. most recent electrochemical developed for non-invasive representative (e.g., cortisol, α-amylase, estrogen) are comprehensively summarized. effectiveness these in practical application discussed. anticipated can be gradually improved from sampling methods, multimodal combinations, data processing, which facilitate MS toward individuation, refinement, intelligence.

Язык: Английский

---

Salivary Cortisol as a Biomarker for Assessing Fear and Anxiety in Patients with Molar–Incisor Hypomineralization

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4), С. 489 - 489

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Background/Objectives: Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a prevalent dental condition characterized by hypomineralized enamel affecting the first permanent molars and incisors. It leads to visible opacities, with varying severity. Children MIH often experience hypersensitivity, which can result in increased fear anxiety, complicating treatment. Salivary cortisol, well-established biomarker of stress, has been used assess stress levels various pediatric conditions but not extensively studied MIH. This study aimed salivary cortisol as children compare them those without Methods: Sixty aged 5-9 years were divided into two groups: 31 29 healthy controls. measured using ELISA, statistical analysis was performed IBM SPSS software, version 23 The Mann-Whitney test for group comparison, Kruskal-Wallis evaluated correlation between severity levels. Results: showed significantly higher mean (2.63 ng/mL) compared controls (0.96 ng/mL), p-value 0.0001. A progressive increase observed MIH, highest recorded grade 3 (4.38 contrast 0 (0.95 0.001. Conclusions: are suggesting that MIH-related may contribute anxiety hypersensitivity. These findings highlight importance management care.

Язык: Английский

---

Electrochemical Non-Enzymatic Biosensing of Cortisol Using ZnO-Graphene Nanocomposite

Journal of The Electrochemical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 172(3), С. 037504 - 037504

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Cortisol is a key factor in developmental and behavioural research, measured widely blood, urine, saliva. Electrochemical sensing has emerged as reliable technique the development of point-of-care devices for detecting cortisol. Here, ZnO/Graphene coated graphite was used electrode detection The performance tested presence cortisol using electrochemical techniques impact scan rate, concentration, cycle numbers, linear range, limit reported. fabricated ZnO/Graphene/PGE demonstrated excellent detection, exhibiting response over wide concentration range 10.874 to 173.981 mg ml −1 low 6.162 μg . Additionally, sensor displayed high stability 60 days, with good repeatability reproducibility. This shows that nanocomposite can be non-enzymatic providing more effective sensing.

Язык: Английский

---