ACS Catalysis,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
11(20), С. 12532 - 12542
Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2021
The
controlled
synthesis
of
polyesters
via
epoxide/anhydride
ring-opening
copolymerization
is
a
versatile
and
generally
applicable
method
to
make
many
sustainable
polymers,
but
catalyst
activities
are
limited
the
required
loadings
typically
high.
Here,
novel
heterodinuclear
complexes,
featuring
Al(III)/M(I)
(M
=
Na,
K,
Rb,
Cs),
show
exceptional
for
phthalic
anhydride
cyclohexene
oxide
(catalyst
Al(III)/K(I),
turnover
frequency
1072
h–1,
0.25
mol
%
loading
vs
anhydride,
100
°C).
Al(III)/K(I)
also
tolerant
low
loadings,
maintaining
good
performance
at
0.025
0.005
epoxide.
It
rapidly
polymerizes
other
combinations
yielding
various
semi-aromatic,
rigid,
and/or
functionalizable
shows
activity
in
carbon
dioxide/epoxide
copolymerizations.
results
structure–activity,
X-ray
crystallography,
polymerization
kinetics,
density
functional
theory
investigations
support
mechanism
with
chain
growth
alternation
between
metals.
rate-limiting
step
proposed
involve
epoxide
coordination
Al(III)
K(I)
carboxylate
attack.
Future
exploitation
abundant
inexpensive
Group
1
metals
deliver
synergic
catalysts
recommended.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
123(16), С. 9915 - 9939
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023
Environmental
concerns
over
waste
plastics'
effect
on
the
environment
are
leading
to
creation
of
biodegradable
plastics.
Biodegradable
plastics
may
serve
as
a
promising
approach
manage
issue
environmental
accumulation
plastic
in
ocean
and
soil.
type
polymers
that
can
be
degraded
by
microorganisms
into
small
molecules
(e.g.,
H2O,
CO2,
CH4).
However,
there
misconceptions
surrounding
For
example,
term
"biodegradable"
product
labeling
misconstrued
public
imply
will
degrade
under
any
conditions.
Such
misleading
information
leads
consumer
encouragement
excessive
consumption
certain
goods
increased
littering
products
labeled
"biodegradable".
This
review
not
only
provides
comprehensive
overview
state-of-the-art
but
also
clarifies
definitions
various
terms
associated
with
plastics,
including
oxo-degradable
enzyme-mediated
biodegradation
agents.
Analytical
techniques
standard
test
methods
evaluate
biodegradability
polymeric
materials
alignment
international
standards
summarized.
The
summarizes
properties
industrial
applications
previously
developed
then
discusses
how
biomass-derived
monomers
create
new
types
utilizing
their
unique
chemical
from
oxygen-containing
functional
groups.
terminology
methodologies
covered
paper
provide
perspective
directions
for
design
possess
advanced
performance
practical
benefits.
Macromolecular Rapid Communications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
42(15)
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2021
Abstract
Recently,
polymer
science
and
engineering
research
has
shifted
toward
the
development
of
environmentally
benign
polymers
to
reduce
impact
plastic
leakage
on
ecosystems.
Stringent
regulations
concerns
regarding
conventional
are
main
driving
forces
for
renewable,
biodegradable,
sustainable,
materials.
Although
biopolymers
can
alleviate
plastic‐related
pollution,
several
factors
dictate
utilization
biopolymers.
Herein,
an
overview
potential
limitations
synthetic
their
composites
in
context
materials
a
sustainable
future
presented.
The
biopolymer
market,
technical
advancements
different
applications,
lifecycle
analysis,
biodegradability
covered.
current
trends,
challenges,
opportunities
bioplastic
recycling
also
discussed.
In
summary,
this
review
is
expected
provide
guidelines
related
biopolymer‐based
polymeric
suitable
various
applications.
Biomacromolecules,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(7), С. 2713 - 2729
Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2022
Biodegradable
polymers
complement
recyclable
materials
in
battling
plastic
waste
because
some
products
are
difficult
to
recycle
and
will
end
up
the
environment
either
of
their
application
or
due
wear
products.
Natural
biopolymers,
such
as
cellulose,
inherently
biodegradable,
but
chemical
modification
typically
required
for
obtainment
thermoplastic
properties,
solubility,
other
desired
material
properties
can
hinder
even
prevent
biodegradation
process.
This
Review
summarizes
current
knowledge
on
degradation
common
cellulose
derivatives
different
laboratory,
natural,
man-made
environments.
Depending
environment,
be
solely
a
combination
several
processes,
enzymatic
hydrolysis,
photodegradation,
oxidation.
It
is
clear
that
type
especially
degree
substitution
important
factors
controlling
process
with
environment.
The
big
variation
conditions
environments
also
briefly
considered
well
importance
proper
testing
characterization
process,
confirmation
biodegradability.
To
ensure
full
sustainability
new
under
development,
expected
end-of-life
scenario,
whether
recycling
"biological"
recycling,
should
included
an
design
parameter.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
23(20), С. 12165 - 12165
Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2022
Finding
alternatives
to
diminish
plastic
pollution
has
become
one
of
the
main
challenges
modern
life.
A
few
have
gained
potential
for
a
shift
toward
more
circular
and
sustainable
relationship
with
plastics.
Biodegradable
polymers
derived
from
bio-
fossil-based
sources
emerged
as
feasible
alternative
overcome
inconveniences
associated
use
disposal
non-biodegradable
polymers.
The
biodegradation
process
depends
on
environment’s
factors,
microorganisms
enzymes,
polymer
properties,
resulting
in
plethora
parameters
that
create
complex
whereby
times
rates
can
vary
immensely.
This
review
aims
provide
background
comprehensive,
systematic,
critical
overview
this
special
focus
mesophilic
range.
Activity
depolymerization
by
extracellular
biofilm
effect
dynamic
degradation
process,
CO2
evolution
evaluating
extent
biodegradation,
metabolic
pathways
are
discussed.
Remarks
perspectives
future
research
provided
current
knowledge
gaps
if
goal
is
minimize
persistence
plastics
across
environments.
Innovative
approaches
such
addition
specific
compounds
trigger
under
particular
conditions,
biostimulation,
bioaugmentation,
natural
and/or
modified
enzymes
state-of-the-art
methods
need
faster
development.
Furthermore,
must
be
connected
standards
techniques
fully
track
process.
More
transdisciplinary
within
areas
chemistry/processing
microbiology/biochemistry
needed.
Green Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
24(12), С. 4703 - 4727
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022
Circular
economy
approach
for
various
agrowaste-based
bioplastic
and
biocomposite
systems
with
potential
applications
in
the
protection
of
food
products
extension
their
shelf
life.
