Skin Supersolidity Matters the Performance and Functionality of Water Droplets

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Even more fascinating than the bulk parent, water droplets possess extraordinary catalytic capability, chemical reactivity, elastic adaptivity, hydrophobicity, hydro-voltaicity, sensitivity, thermal stability, and so forth, with an elusive underlying mechanism. We show that molecular undercoordination polarizes surface molecules lengthens 8% of O—O distance by shortening intramolecular H-O bond lengthening intermolecular O:H nonbond, making skin a supersolid phase self-electrified. The sequential events follow HBCP (hydrogen cooperativity polarizability) BOLS-NEP (bond order-length-strength correlation nonbonding electron polarization) regulations. size dependence stiffness or its phonon frequency shift H, freezing temperature TN depression cohesive energy loss, polarizability, electronic lifetimes vary skin-volume ratio to entire R-sized droplet. determined is 10% shorter vibrates at 3450 cm-1 in 0.3 nm thick 75% mass density refining abundance F(R) population. supersolidity self-electrification could entitle performance functionality droplets. Further extension findings impact undercoordinated aqueous systems, including bubbles clusters.

Язык: Английский

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The Extended Hydrogen Bond: A Coupling Pair of Flexible and Polarizable Dipoles

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Being essential to life on earth, the hydrogen bond and its configuration, performance, functionality become increasingly inspiring. We humbly share a three-body coupling X:R-Y system involving pair of retractable polarizable Z-X R-Y dipoles. The (:) is negative polar end dipole. covers at least four situations, meets unique criterion force combination, possesses five characteristics. Specifically, lone-pair-engaged N/O:H-O/N/C bonds feature properly performances H2O CHNO molecular assemblies; dipolar MP or atomic vacancy V0 replaced MP:R-Y could coordinate physisorption for catalysis storage; polarity-inverted M^+-O_2-:M^P formed during chemisorption drives oxidation bonding electronic dynamics. combination X:R attraction X:Y repulsion decisive performance that follows cooperability polarizability (HBCP) regulation in segmental length, energy, specific heat [Sun et al, Phys Rep 2023; 998:1-68]. exhibits extraordinary adaptivity, recoverability, sensitivity, catalytic capability, chemical reactivity. A perturbation such as mechanical compression, thermal loading, polarization, undercoordination changes X—Y distance by lengthening one segment shortening other. HBCP premise has substantiated understanding water ice anomalies, hydration interfaces, energetic assemblies, oxygen chemisorption, inspiring promising ways thinking about single-atom low-dimensional high-TC superconductivity. Further extension this amplification other areas biological science cell engineering would be even more fascinating promising.

Язык: Английский

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The Exotic Quasisolidity and Supersolidity of Water

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

Water is ubiquitously important but least known. This perspective features the latest finding of two exotic forms water called quasisolid and supersolid phases due to cooperativity disparity O:H-O bond in its segmental length, energy, specific heat when subjected thermal, electric, undercoordination perturbation. The (QS) phase only appears at temperatures between melting ice nucleation, regardless sample size, this has a negative thermal expansivity (NTE). However, polarization or molecular creates skins ice, droplets, ionic hydration cells, volumetric with current flow under 106 eV/cm electric bias. characterized by ~10% H-O contraction vibrating ~3450 cm-1. unique properties such as high elasticity, mechanical strength, optical reflectivity, structure order, stability, diffusivity, catalytic activity, chemical reactivity. Liquid-QS-Ice transition QS energy absorption occurs for during decay not saturated NaCl solution. NTE fosters buoyancy supersolidity endows slipperiness, supercooling, superheating, premelting, low-temperature fiber bridge, warm fast cooling, well on chemistry.

Язык: Английский

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Skin supersolidity matters the performance and functionality of water droplets

Droplet, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(4)

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2024

Abstract Even more fascinating than its bulk parent, a water droplet possesses extraordinary catalytic and hydro‐voltaic capability, elastic adaptivity, hydrophobicity, sensitivity, thermal stability, etc., but the underlying mechanism is still elusive. We emphasize herewith that H‒O bond follows universal order‒length‒strength correlation nonbonding electron polarization regulation hydrogen cooperativity polarizability notion regulates performance of coupling (O:H‒O). Computational spectrometric evidence consistently shows molecular undercoordination shortens intramolecular by up to 10% while lengthening intermolecular O:H nonbond 20% cooperatively with an association polarization, making 0.3‐nm thick skin supersolid phase self‐electrification. The dictates functionality in chemical, dielectric, electrical, mechanical, optical, properties as well transport dynamics electrons phonons. amplification these findings could deepen our insight into undercoordinated aqueous systems, including bubbles clusters, promote deep engineering ice.

Язык: Английский

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Methane C(sp³)–H bond activation by water microbubbles

Chemical Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Microbubble-induced oxidation offers an effective approach for activating the C(sp

Язык: Английский

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