Abstract
Perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs)
have
seen
rapid
advancements
over
the
past
decade,
driven
by
their
exceptional
optoelectronic
properties
and
high
power
conversion
efficiencies.
Cl‐based
additives
strategy
has
significantly
contributed
to
these
enhancing
crystallinity,
improving
preferred
orientation,
optimizing
surface
morphology
of
perovskite
films.
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
summary
recent
insights
into
critical
role
in
photovoltaics,
focusing
on
mechanisms
behind
Cl
incorporation
its
effects
film
device
performance.
First,
impact
precursor
solution
coordination
colloidal
characteristics
is
discussed.
Then,
how
influence
phase
transitions
perovskites,
including
methylammonium
lead
iodide
(MAPbI
3
),
formamidinium
(FAPbI
2D
perovskites
examined.
Furthermore,
interfacial
treatments
quality
explored.
Based
insights,
overall
also
reviewed
Finally,
brief
overview
remaining
challenges
future
perspectives
are
provided
guide
ongoing
research
efforts
toward
additive
engineering
for
high‐performance
PSCs.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2024
While
amines
are
widely
used
as
additives
in
metal-halide
perovskites,
our
understanding
of
the
way
perovskite
precursor
solutions
impact
resultant
film
is
still
limited.
In
this
paper,
we
explore
multiple
effects
benzylamine
(BnAm),
also
referred
to
phenylmethylamine,
passivate
both
FA
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Abstract
The
role
of
MA
in
FAMA
mixed
perovskite
remains
far
from
being
fully
understood,
due
to
the
intricate
chemical
evolutions
precursor
solutions.
Adjusting
content
arbitrarily
a
great
challenge.
This
study
elucidates
synergistic
effect
between
H
+
and
I
−
oxidation
which
helps
reduce
FA‐dominated
perovskite.
Briefly,
excessive
boosts
balanced
rapid
assembly
FA
components
hampers
unfavorable
evolution
induced
by
nucleophilic
reaction
solution,
while
accelerates
situ
crystallization
Leveraging
this
effect,
centimeter‐scaled
x
(1‐x)
PbI
3
single
crystals
with
adjustable
values
are
successfully
fabricated.
In
addition,
peroxyacetic
acid
is
introduced
as
additive,
enabling
blade‐coated
0.9
0.1
solar
cells
(PSCs)
achieve
an
impressive
efficiency
23.7%.
achieved
here
among
highest
for
PSCs
exceeding
90%
so
far.
optimized
solution
developed
exceptional
stability,
allowing
it
be
stored
under
air
conditions
over
2
months
without
significant
degradation
cell
efficiency.
outcome
satisfies
requirements
commercialization.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(34)
Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024
Abstract
Perovskite
precursor
inks
suffer
various
forms
of
degradation,
such
as
iodide
anion
oxidation
and
organic
cation
breakdown,
hindering
reliable
perovskite
solar
cell
manufacturing.
Here
we
report
that
benzylhydrazine
hydrochloride
(BHC)
not
only
retards
the
buildup
iodine
previously
reported
but
also
prevents
breakdown
cations.
Through
investigating
BHC
chemical
reactions,
elucidate
protonation
dehydration
mechanisms,
converting
to
harmless
volatile
compounds,
thus
preserving
film
crystallization
performance.
This
inhibition
effect
lasts
nearly
a
month
with
minimal
BHC,
contrasting
control
without
where
cations
fully
react
in
less
than
week.
enhanced
understanding,
from
additive
stabilization
end
products,
promises
improved
production
reliability.
Metal–halide
perovskites
have
gained
extreme
interest
in
the
photovoltaic
field
with
formamidinium
lead
iodide
(FAPbI
3
)
currently
being
one
of
best‐performing
materials
for
single‐junction
solar
cells.
Despite
outstanding
record
efficiencies,
there
are
still
several
major
issues
hindering
large‐scale
fabrication
perovskite
The
vulnerability
to
environmental
agents
along
need
controlled
atmosphere
and
crystallization
aids
film
deposition
represents
roadblocks.
This
is
particularly
true
FAPbI
which
thermodynamically
stable
phase
at
room
temperature
photovoltaically
inactive
δ‐phase.
To
address
those
challenges,
herein,
a
camphorsulfonic‐salified
chitosan
specifically
designed
aid
DTF
calculations
strongly
interact
and,
as
result,
improve
morphology
optoelectronic
quality
.
Thanks
numerous
interactions
then
modulation
solution
viscosity,
devices
fabricated
by
gravure
printing
without
either
antisolvent
bath
or
inclusion
methylammonium
chloride
(MACl)
additive.
gravure‐printed
feature
an
enhanced
efficiency
stability
air,
retaining
80%
original
after
1200
h
ambient
air
any
encapsulation.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025
Methylammonium
chloride
(MACl)
additive
is
almost
irreplaceable
in
high-performance
formamidinium
(FA)
perovskite
photovoltaics.
However,
the
byproduct
of
methyl
(MFA+)
from
reaction
MA0
and
FA
damages
compositional
purity
phase
stability
α-FAPbI3.
The
addition
iodine
(I2)
to
FAPbI3
precursor
has
been
reported
inhibit
formation
MFA+.
Here,
we
systematically
investigate
effect
MAI
on
films
devices
by
using
replace
MACl
I2.
results
demonstrate
that
produces
more
I3-
precursor,
which
inhibits
between
MA
thus
blocks
Meanwhile,
MFA+
reduced
due
delayed
evaporation
caused
its
strong
interaction
with
I3-,
facilitating
growth
α-FAPbI3
an
improved
bottom
morphology.
It
eliminates
unreacted
PbI2,
forming
a
homogenized
phase,
facilitates
ordered
along
(111)
facet,
enhancing
charge
transport
increasing
open-circuit
voltage
(VOC).
optimized
device
shows
2%
improvement
PCE,
VOC
1.050
1.103
V.
Additionally,
target
retains
97%
initial
performance
after
5495
min
operation
under
maximum
power
point
tracking,
compared
82.3%
2000
for
control
device.
This
work
provides
insights
into
inhibiting
byproducts
induced
MA-FA
side
following
introduction
MACl.
Storing
perovskite
precursor
solutions
under
ambient
conditions
poses
a
significant
challenge
to
commercialization,
as
humidity
and
oxidation
accelerate
ageing
introduce
defects
in
devices.
A
major
contributor
solution
impurity
phases
is
the
deprotonation
of
hybrid
organic
cations,
specifically
methylammonium
(MA+)
formamidinium
(FA+).
In
this
work,
proton-rich
additive,
4-(aminomethyl)pyridine
2-iodide,
used
inhibit
MA+
by
generating
free
H+,
thereby
mitigating
degradation
cations
oxygen
stress.
The
treated
stored
for
several
days
exhibits
no
condensation
reaction
products.
Due
synergistic
effect
H+
I-,
films
exhibit
pure
phase
formation
abnormal
"aggregate"
crystals.
Therefore,
additive
reacts
with
FA+
form
new
complexes,
termed
N-(4-methylpyridine)formamidinium),
which
efficiently
passivate
nonradiative
defects.
Consequently,
strategy
enables
solar
cells
achieve
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
25.25%,
demonstrating
enhanced
long-term
stability
both
light
thermal
Notably,
optimized
device
retains
95.5%
its
initial
PCE
after
1200
h
continuous
illumination
91.61%
600
at
85
°C
85%
relative
humidity.
Perovskite's
surface
defects
trigger
deep
level
traps
and
energy
misalignment,
resulting
in
substantial
interface
recombination
loss
perovskite
solar
cells
(PSCs).
Herein,
9-fluoreneacetic
acid
(FAA),
a
self-assembled
molecule
(SAM),
is
employed
to
passivate
the
modulate
alignment.
SAM
modification
reduces
defect
density
from
6.37
×
1015
3.11
cm-3
produces
p-type
with
an
upward
band
bending,
thus
constructing
well-defined
n-i-p
heterojunction
for
efficient
charge
separation.
Accordingly,
target
PSC
realizes
24.75%
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
retains
92%
1100
h
during
maximum
point
tracking
(MPPT)
at
room
temperature.
Furthermore,
over
80%
of
initial
PCE
has
been
reserved
after
2500
aging
25-30%
relative
humidity
(RH).
This
strategy
expected
enhance
stability
PSCs.
