ACS Applied Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
3(6), С. 5510 - 5516
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2020
The
more
energetic
substituent
introduced,
such
as
nitramino,
nitro,
azido,
and
N-oxide
group,
the
better
detonation
performance
but
lower
stability
of
compounds
obtained.
In
order
to
synthesize
materials
that
display
both
high
low
sensitivity,
it
is
useful
understand
how
those
groups
affect
material
properties.
syntheses
some
based
on
triazolo-[1,2,4,5]tetrazine
fused
ring
contain
combinations
different
are
described.
For
first
time,
a
containing
nitramino
was
synthesized
(3).
Compound
3
its
salts
exhibit
densities
(>1.82
g
cm–3)
performances
(>9047
m
s–1,
>
34.7
GPa)
well
acceptable
sensitivities.
As
result
hydrogen
bonding,
hydrazinium
salt
(3b)
has
density
1.83
cm–3,
with
velocity
(9470
s–1)
reasonable
sensitivities
(12
J,
120
N)
which
superior
CL-20.
Comparisons
made
our
previously
reported
in
demonstrate
substituents
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2017
High-energy
density
materials
represent
a
significant
class
of
advanced
and
have
been
the
focus
energetic
community.
The
main
challenge
in
this
field
is
to
design
synthesize
compounds
with
highest
possible
maximum
chemical
stability.
Here
we
show
an
compound,
[2,2'-bi(1,3,4-oxadiazole)]-5,5'-dinitramide,
synthesized
through
two-step
reaction
from
commercially
available
reagents.
It
exhibits
surprisingly
high
(1.99
g
cm-3
at
298
K),
poor
solubility
water
most
organic
solvents,
decent
thermal
stability,
positive
heat
formation
excellent
detonation
properties.
solid-state
structural
features
compound
are
also
investigated
via
X-ray
diffraction
several
theoretical
techniques.
sensitivity
properties
explosive
similar
those
2,
4,
6,
8,
10,
12-(hexanitrohexaaza)cyclododecane
(CL-20),
developed
shows
great
promise
for
potential
applications
as
high-energy
material.High
energy
interest,
but
limiting
factor
many
compounds.
authors
between
that
exhibit
good
stability
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
55(49), С. 15315 - 15318
Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2016
The
reaction
of
3-amino-5-nitro-1,2,4-triazole
with
nitrous
acid
produces
the
corresponding
diazonium
salt.
When
salt
is
treated
nitroacetonitrile,
a
subsequent
condensation
and
cyclization
occurres
to
produced
4-amino-3,7-dinitrotriazolo-[5,1-c][1,2,4]
triazine
(DPX-26).
X-ray
crystallographic
analysis
shows
that
DPX-26
has
density
1.86
g
cm-3
,
while
it
calculated
have
heat
formation
398.3
kJ
mol-1
.
predicted
approach
explosive
performance
RDX
but
displays
significantly
better
safety
properties.
Oxidation
using
hypofluorous
4-oxide
(DPX-27),
which
also
be
high-performance
material
enhanced
FirePhysChem,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
2(2), С. 83 - 139
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2021
Energetic
material
is
a
very
essential
company
of
compounds,
widely
used
in
various
fields,
primarily
the
military
industry
and
space
technologies.
These
compounds
are
unique
that
they
capable
instantly
decomposing
to
release
enormous
energy.
The
chemical
diversity
energetic
organic
constantly
increasing
through
combination
high-nitrogen
frameworks
explosophoric
groups,
which
follows
overall
trend
interest
their
chemistry
applications.
scientific
community
looking
for
more
powerful
less
sensitive
external
impulses
both
civilian
use.
Herein,
detailed
overview
regarding
classic
novel
groups
frameworks,
as
well
description
selected
synthesis
target
has
been
given
time
period
since
2010.
physical
properties
performances
benchmark
prospective
also
collected.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
140(44), С. 15001 - 15007
Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2018
Nitroamino-functionalized
1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-
b][1,2,4,5]tetrazine
(1),
when
combined
with
intermolecular
hydrogen
bonds
(HBs)
and
strong
noncovalent
interactions
between
layers,
results,
for
example,
in
an
interlayer
distance
of
2.9
Å
dihydroxylammonium
3,6-dinitramino-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-
(2c)
a
packing
coefficient
0.805.
For
6,6'-dinitramino-3,3'-azo-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-
(3b),
two
fused
rings
are
linked
by
azo
group,
which
expands
the
conjugated
system
resulting
even
shorter
2.7
higher
0.807.
These
values
appear
to
be
shortest
distances
highest
coefficients
reported
tetrazine
energetic
materials.
With
high
coefficients,
both
possess
densities
1.92
g
cm-3
1.99
at
293
K,
respectively.
Compared
its
precursor,
hydroxylammonium
moiety
serves
as
buffer
chain
(H-N-O-H),
connecting
anion
cation
through
bonds,
giving
rise
more
favorable
stacking,
density
lower
sensitivity.
The
sensitivities
all
salts
than
that
their
neutral
precursors,
such
compound
2
(3
J,
>5
N)
2c
(25
360
N).
detonation
properties
(detonation
velocity
vD
=
9712
m
s-1
pressure
P
43
GPa)
3b
(vD
10233
s-1;
49
exceed
those
present
explosive
benchmarks,
octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine
(HMX)
hexanitrohexaazaisowurzitane
(CL-20).
molecular
structures
several
these
new
materials
confirmed
single-crystal
X-ray
diffraction
measurements.
Using
calculated
experimental
ring
planar
large
π-conjugated
results
compromise
desirable
stabilities
properties,
thus
enhancing
future
utilization
design
ChemPlusChem,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
85(1), С. 13 - 42
Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2019
Abstract
This
Review
covers
the
synthesis
and
performance
of
most
promising
1,2,5‐oxadiazole‐based
high‐energy
density
materials
(HEDMs).
These
comprise
a
1,2,5‐oxadiazole
subunit
as
key
structural
motif
linked
to
various
acyclic
explosophoric
groups
or
nitrogen‐rich
nitrogen‐oxygen
azoles:
1,2,4‐triazole,
tetrazole,
1,2,4‐
1,3,4‐oxadiazoles.
Energetic
alliances
two
more
rings
directly
through
heteroatom
spacers
are
also
presented.
Particular
attention
is
devoted
installation
different
explosophores:
nitro,
nitramino,
azo,
azoxy,
dinitromethyl,
trinitroethyl
moieties
their
combination.
Promising
environmentally
benign
energetic
with
high
detonation
velocity
pressure,
outstanding
insensitivity
summarized.
Overall,
presented
may
be
considered
next‐generation
high‐performance
that
superior
commonly
used
traditional
explosives
(TNT,
PETN,
RDX,
HMX).
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
56(21), С. 5877 - 5881
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2017
Abstract
An
analogue‐oriented
synthetic
route
for
the
formulation
of
furazan‐functionalized
5‐nitroimino‐1,2,4‐triazoles
has
been
explored.
The
process
was
found
to
be
straightforward,
high
yielding,
and
highly
efficient,
scalable.
Nine
compounds
were
synthesized
physicochemical
energetic
properties,
including
density,
thermal
stability,
sensitivity,
investigated,
as
well
performance
(e.g.,
detonation
velocities
pressures)
evaluated
by
using
EXPLO5
code.
Among
new
materials,
4
–
6
11
possess
densities,
acceptable
sensitivities,
good
performances,
thereby
demonstrate
potential
applications
secondary
explosives.
Journal of Materials Chemistry A,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
6(20), С. 9391 - 9396
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018
A
new
series
of
trifuroxans
were
designed
and
synthesized.
The
large
numbers
N-oxide
bonds
in
the
molecules
contribute
to
boost
their
energetic
performances.
