Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
50(24), С. 13498 - 13558
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Sensitive
and
selective
detection
of
chemical
biological
analytes
is
critical
in
various
scientific
technological
fields.
As
an
emerging
class
multifunctional
materials,
covalent
organic
frameworks
(COFs)
with
their
unique
properties
modularity,
large
surface
area,
high
stability,
low
density,
tunable
pore
sizes
functionalities,
which
together
define
programmable
properties,
show
promise
advancing
detection.
This
review
demonstrates
the
recent
progress
where
COFs
constitute
integral
component
achieved
function.
highlights
how
can
be
harnessed
to
develop
different
types
systems
based
on
principles
chromism,
luminescence,
electrical
transduction,
chromatography,
spectrometry,
others
achieve
highly
sensitive
analytes,
ranging
from
gases,
volatiles,
ions,
biomolecules.
The
key
parameters
performance
for
target
are
summarized,
compared,
analyzed
perspective
mechanism
structure-property-performance
correlations
COFs.
Conclusions
summarize
current
accomplishments
analyze
challenges
limitations
that
exist
under
mechanisms.
Perspectives
future
directions
research
advance
COF-based
through
innovation
novel
COF
design
synthesis,
device
fabrication,
exploration
modes
also
discussed.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
30(27)
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2020
Abstract
Covalent
organic
frameworks
(COFs)
are
an
emerging
class
of
crystalline
polymers
with
well‐defined
molecular
geometry
and
tunable
porosity.
COFs
formed
via
reversible
condensation
lightweight
building
blocks,
which
dictate
its
in
two
or
three
dimensions.
Among
COFs,
2D
have
garnered
special
attention
due
to
their
unique
structure
composed
two‐dimensionally
extended
sheets
stacked
layers
generating
periodic
columnar
π‐arrays,
functional
pore
space,
ease
synthesis.
These
features
combination
low
density,
high
crystallinity,
large
surface
area,
biodegradability
made
them
excellent
candidate
for
a
plethora
applications
ranging
from
energy
biomedical
sciences.
In
this
article,
the
evolution
is
briefly
discussed
terms
different
types
chemical
linkages,
synthetic
strategies
bulk
nanoscale
tunability
perspective.
Next,
specifically
drug
delivery,
phototherapy,
biosensing,
bioimaging,
biocatalysis,
antibacterial
activity
summarized.
addition,
current
challenges
approaches
designing
advanced
discussed.
Angewandte Chemie International Edition,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
58(40), С. 14213 - 14218
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2019
Covalent
organic
frameworks
(COFs)
with
2D
π-conjugation
were
designed
and
synthesized
as
molecular
photosensitizers
for
efficient
photodynamic
therapy.
Two
molecules,
5',5''''-(1,4-phenylene)bis(([1,1':3',1''-terphenyl]-4,4''-dicarbaldehyde))
(L-3C)
4,4',4''-(1,4-phenylene)bis(([2,2':6',2''-terpyridine]-5,5''-dicarbaldehyde))
(L-3N),
inactive
to
generating
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS),
linked
form
two
COFs,
COF-808
COF-909,
respectively,
exhibiting
excellent
ROS
production
efficiency.
The
high
permanent
porosity
of
these
COFs
(surface
areas
2270
2610
m2
g-1
)
promoted
diffusion
both
release
in
cells.
This,
combined
the
photostability
biocompatibility,
led
PDT
performance.
In
vitro,
over
80
%
tumor
cells
killed
after
treatment
using
COF-909
at
concentration
50
μg
mL-1
150
s.
vivo,
drastic
reduction
size
was
observed
(from
9
mm
less
than
1
mm)
10
day
treatment.
Accounts of Chemical Research,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
53(10), С. 2225 - 2234
Опубликована: Сен. 8, 2020
ConspectusCovalent
organic
frameworks
(COFs)
represent
a
novel
type
of
crystalline
porous
polymers
with
potential
applications
in
many
areas.
Considering
their
covalent
connectivity
different
dimensions,
COFs
are
classified
as
two-dimensional
(2D)
layered
structures
or
three-dimensional
(3D)
networks.
In
particular,
3D
have
gained
increasing
attention
recently
because
remarkably
large
surface
areas
(>5000
m2/g),
hierarchical
nanopores
and
numerous
open
sites.
However,
it
has
been
proven
to
be
major
challenge
construct
COFs,
the
main
driving
force
for
synthesis
comes
from
formation
bonds.
addition,
there
several
stones
on
roads
blocking
development
COFs.
First,
successful
topology
design
strategies
limited
[4
+
2]
3]
condensation
reactions
tetrahedral
molecules
linear
triangular
building
blocks
first
decade,
which
led
only
three
available
topologies
(ctn,
bor,
dia)
strongly
restricted
incorporation
some
important
functional
units.
Next,
is
very
challenging
obtain
large-size
single
crystals
same
may
yield
possible
that
quite
difficult
identify
simulations,
structure
determination
considered
issue.
Last,
utilized
synthesize
limited,
further
affects
functionalization
applications.
Therefore,
since
was
announced
2007,
research
studies
regarding
underexplored
years,
few
examples
reported.To
confront
these
obstacles
we
started
contributing
this
field
2016.
interesting
quadrilateral
(e.g.,
pyrene
porphyrin)
cannot
easily
derivatized
into
motifs,
developed
strategy
via
4]
blocks.
After
trials,
found
general
synthetic
build
new
pts
topology.
explored
polycrystalline
prepared
by
our
electron
diffraction
technique.
Moreover,
expanded
toolbox
molecular
creating
successfully
demonstrated
characteristic
properties
Account,
summarize
above
ongoing
contributions,
including
(i)
COFs;
(ii)
attempts
determine
crystal
atomic
resolution;
(iii)
diversification
functionalized
Overall,
not
offer
paradigm
expansion
block
families
but
also
provide
an
idea
future
opportunities
relevant
researchers
field.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
50(24), С. 13498 - 13558
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Sensitive
and
selective
detection
of
chemical
biological
analytes
is
critical
in
various
scientific
technological
fields.
As
an
emerging
class
multifunctional
materials,
covalent
organic
frameworks
(COFs)
with
their
unique
properties
modularity,
large
surface
area,
high
stability,
low
density,
tunable
pore
sizes
functionalities,
which
together
define
programmable
properties,
show
promise
advancing
detection.
This
review
demonstrates
the
recent
progress
where
COFs
constitute
integral
component
achieved
function.
highlights
how
can
be
harnessed
to
develop
different
types
systems
based
on
principles
chromism,
luminescence,
electrical
transduction,
chromatography,
spectrometry,
others
achieve
highly
sensitive
analytes,
ranging
from
gases,
volatiles,
ions,
biomolecules.
The
key
parameters
performance
for
target
are
summarized,
compared,
analyzed
perspective
mechanism
structure-property-performance
correlations
COFs.
Conclusions
summarize
current
accomplishments
analyze
challenges
limitations
that
exist
under
mechanisms.
Perspectives
future
directions
research
advance
COF-based
through
innovation
novel
COF
design
synthesis,
device
fabrication,
exploration
modes
also
discussed.