Progression to Malignancy in the Polyoma Middle T Oncoprotein Mouse Breast Cancer Model Provides a Reliable Model for Human Diseases

American Journal Of Pathology, Год журнала: 2003, Номер 163(5), С. 2113 - 2126

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2003

Язык: Английский

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Leptin and cancer

Journal of Cellular Physiology, Год журнала: 2005, Номер 207(1), С. 12 - 22

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2005

Abstract The prevalence of obesity has markedly increased over the past two decades, especially in industrialized countries. While impact excess body weight on development cardiac disease and diabetes been well documented, link between carcinogenesis is just being recognized. This review will focus leptin, a cytokine that elevated obese individuals, cancer development. First, we briefly discuss biological functions leptin its signaling pathways. Then, summarize effects different types experimental cellular animal models. Next, analyze epidemiological data relationship presence or risk patients. Finally, as target for treatment prevention be discussed. J. Cell. Physiol. 207: 12–22, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Язык: Английский

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What Can We Learn from Rodents about Prolactin in Humans?

Endocrine Reviews, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 29(1), С. 1 - 41

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2007

Prolactin (PRL) is a 23-kDa protein hormone that binds to single-span membrane receptor, member of the cytokine receptor superfamily, and exerts its action via several interacting signaling pathways. PRL multifunctional affects multiple reproductive metabolic functions also involved in tumorigenicity. In addition being classical pituitary hormone, humans produced by many tissues throughout body where it acts as cytokine. The objective this review compare contrast aspects PRL, from structure regulation, physiology pathology rats, mice, humans. At each juncture, questions are raised whether, or what extent, data rodents relevant homeostasis Most current knowledge on has been obtained studies with rats and, more recently, use transgenic mice. Although information indispensable for understanding human health disease, there sufficient disparity control production, distribution, physiological among these species warrant careful judicial extrapolation

Язык: Английский

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A review of the carcinogenic potential of bisphenol A

Reproductive Toxicology, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 59, С. 167 - 182

Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2015

Язык: Английский

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Maternal Mineral and Bone Metabolism During Pregnancy, Lactation, and Post-Weaning Recovery

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 96(2), С. 449 - 547

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2016

During pregnancy and lactation, female physiology adapts to meet the added nutritional demands of fetuses neonates. An average full-term fetus contains ∼30 g calcium, 20 phosphorus, 0.8 magnesium. About 80% mineral is accreted during third trimester; calcium transfers at 300-350 mg/day final 6 wk. The neonate requires 200 mg daily from milk first mo, 120 second mo (additional comes solid foods). Calcium can be more than double triple these values, respectively, in women who nurse twins triplets. 25% dietary normally absorbed healthy adults. Average maternal intakes American Canadian are insufficient fetal neonatal requirements if normal efficiency intestinal absorption relied upon. However, several adaptations invoked for without requiring increased by mother. doubles, whereas lactation skeleton resorbed provide milk. This review addresses our current knowledge regarding skeletal homeostasis that occur pregnancy, post-weaning recovery. Also considered impacts have on biochemical hormonal parameters homeostasis, consequences long-term health, presentation management disorders bone metabolism.

Язык: Английский

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The Role of Placental Hormones in Mediating Maternal Adaptations to Support Pregnancy and Lactation

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 9

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2018

During pregnancy, the mother must adapt her body systems to support nutrient and oxygen supply for growth of baby in utero during subsequent lactation. These include changes cardiovascular, pulmonary, immune metabolic mother. Failure appropriately adjust maternal physiology pregnant state may result pregnancy complications, including gestational diabetes abnormal birth weight, which can further lead a range medically significant complications baby. The placenta, forms functional interface separating fetal circulations, is important mediating adaptations physiology. It secretes plethora hormones into circulation modulate transfers nutrients available fetus growth. Among these placental hormones, prolactin-growth hormone family, steroids neuropeptides play critical roles driving physiological pregnancy. This review examines that occur response significance production such changes.

Язык: Английский

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Increased Expression of Leptin and the Leptin Receptor as a Marker of Breast Cancer Progression: Possible Role of Obesity-Related Stimuli

Clinical Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 12(5), С. 1447 - 1453

Опубликована: Март 1, 2006

Abstract Purpose: Recent in vitro studies suggested that the autocrine leptin loop might contribute to breast cancer development by enhancing cell growth and survival. To evaluate whether system could become a target therapy, we examined expression of its receptor (ObR) primary metastatic noncancer mammary epithelium. We also studied leptin/ObR can be induced obesity-related stimuli, such as elevated levels insulin, insulin-like factor-I (IGF-I), estradiol, or hypoxic conditions. Experimental Design: The ObR was immunohistochemistry 148 cancers 66 metastases well 90 benign lesions. effects IGF-I, hypoxia on mRNA were assessed reverse transcription-PCR MCF-7 MDA-MB-231 lines. Results: Leptin significantly overexpressed relative tissues. In tumors, positively correlated with ObR, both biomarkers most abundant G3 tumors. enhanced insulin cells, whereas IGF-I estradiol stimulated only cells. cells Conclusions: are cancer, possibly due and/or overexposure estradiol.

Язык: Английский

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Key stages in mammary gland development. Secretory activation in the mammary gland: it's not just about milk protein synthesis!

Breast Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2007, Номер 9(1), С. 204 - 204

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2007

The transition from pregnancy to lactation is a critical event in the survival of newborn since all nutrient requirements infant are provided by milk. While milk contains numerous components, including proteins, that aid maintaining health infant, lactose and fat represent energy providing elements Much research date on mammary epithelial differentiation has focused upon expression protein genes, somewhat distorted view alveolar secretory activation. genes increases during at activation, whose more tightly regulated this those regulate lipid biosynthesis. sterol regulatory element binding (SREBP) family transcription factors recognized as regulating fatty acid cholesterol We propose SREBP1 regulator activation with regard biosynthesis, manner responds diet, serine/threonine kinase Akt influences process, resulting highly efficient synthetic organ able support nutritional needs newborn.

Язык: Английский

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Focus on prolactin as a metabolic hormone

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2006, Номер 17(3), С. 110 - 116

Опубликована: Март 7, 2006

Язык: Английский

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Diffusion-weighted breast MRI: Clinical applications and emerging techniques

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 45(2), С. 337 - 355

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2016

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) holds potential to improve the detection and biological characterization of breast cancer. DWI is increasingly being incorporated into protocols address some shortcomings routine clinical MRI. Potential benefits include improved differentiation benign malignant lesions, assessment prediction therapeutic efficacy, noncontrast The presents a unique imaging environment with significant physiologic inter-subject variations, as well specific challenges achieving reliable high quality diffusion-weighted MR images. Technical innovations are helping overcome many image issues that have limited widespread use for imaging. Advanced modeling approaches further characterize tissue perfusion, complexity, glandular organization may expand knowledge yield diagnostic tools. Level Evidence: 5 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016 2017;45:337–355.

Язык: Английский

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