Age-related reduction in anxiety and neural encoding of negative emotional memory

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

Introduction Older adults experience less anxiety. We examined how memory of negative emotional images varied with age and may reflect age-related differences in Methods Fifty-one adults, 22-80 years, underwent imaging a task where neutral were displayed pseudo-randomly. They queried post-scan about the inter-mixed an equal number never displayed. Sensitivity ( d’ ) reporting bias (Z-score false alarm rate; Z[FAR]) quantified signal detection theory. Results Age was negatively correlated both Spielberg State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) state score (negative – neutral) positively Z[FAR] neutral). However, STAI or not significantly correlated. In whole-brain regression, higher activity right middle/superior temporal gyri/temporal parietal junction (MTG/STG/TPJ) for “negative correct incorrect” “neutral trials. Further, MTG/STG/TPJ (β) also age. Mediation analyses supported complete mediation model → anxiety β. Discussion Together, findings demonstrated changes reduction is reflected diminished temporoparietal cortical activities during encoding memory.

Язык: Английский

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Writing about a stressful experience can impair visual working memory

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(7), С. e0304406 - e0304406

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Acute stress has been well-established to impair working memory. However, less is known about how writing an unresolved stressor may influence memory or processes. We addressed these issues in the present study ( N = 282) by randomly assigning participants write stressful experience (stressful condition events of previous day). then both measured performance on a change detection task and used computational modeling estimate processes underlying performance: attention, capacity, guessing bias. found that, relative control condition, impaired significantly attention. These results show that effects mimic acute memory, rather than conforming expectations from mood-as-information theory.

Язык: Английский

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Maintenance suppression reduces the accessibility of visual information in working memory regardless of its normative valence

Frontiers in Cognition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

Intentional removal of unwanted information allows us to focus on our current goals. Previous research has shown that suppressing the maintenance neutral images in working memory can impair access immediate and delayed tests. However, it remains unclear whether suppression same impact emotionally valenced images. Intrusive thinking (e.g., rumination) often involves negative thoughts persist as individuals attempt push them out mind. Given emotional nature intrusive repeatedly enter memory, is important understand how valence affects ability remove it. Participants a non-clinical sample completed experiment using group-normed with positive valence. encoded two each trial, were cued suppress or maintain one during brief delay period, then responded probe which they indicated test image had been presented regardless was cued. Our results demonstrate participants faster, relative uncued items, endorse an item for maintenance, slower suppression. Importantly, this pattern held both items did not differ between valences. These findings replicate those obtained stimuli. Thus, study demonstrates reduces accessibility visual its valence, suggests cognitive strategy could potentially be effective tool reducing occupy attention.

Язык: Английский

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A longitudinal study on the effect of aerobic exercise intervention on working memory of college students with internet addiction

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 21, 2024

Objective: To investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on working memory in college students with internet addiction and characteristics these as they change over time, from both behavioral electroencephalographic (EEG) perspectives. Methods: A longitudinal study design was employed, where 48 male were screened randomly assigned to two groups (control experimental). The experimental group completed 40-minute sessions cycling exercise, three times a week, for 12 weeks; control maintained their original physical activity habits without any additional interventions. 3 (time points: pre-experiment, 6 weeks, weeks post-experiment) × 2 (groups: experimental) (electrode sites: Fz, F3, F4) mixed factorial used explore how evolved time. Results: In group, post-test accuracy 1-back task significantly higher than pre-test (P < 0.05); 2-back task, mid-test 0.05) 0.001) accuracies pre-test, being (P< 0.01). Time-frequency analysis revealed that, tasks, alpha band (100-200 ms) energy values 0.05). For theta (300-500 values, Conclusion: (1) Moderate-intensity can effectively improve addiction, improvement becomes more significant duration intervention increases. (2) Increases early later EEG are important neurophysiological indicators among through moderate-intensity exercise.

Язык: Английский

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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Over Bilateral Temporal Lobes Modulates Hippocampal‐Occipital Functional Connectivity and Visual Short‐Term Memory Precision

Hippocampus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 22, 2024

ABSTRACT Although the medial temporal lobe (MTL) is traditionally considered a region dedicated to long‐term memory, recent neuroimaging and intracranial recording evidence suggests that MTL also contributes certain aspects of visual short‐term memory (VSTM), such as quality or precision retained VSTM content. This study aims further investigate MTL's role in through application transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Participants underwent 1.5 mA offline tDCS over bilateral lobes using left cathodal right anodal electrodes, administered for either 20 min (active) 0.5 within 20‐min window (sham), counterbalanced design. As electrical passes midbrain structures with this montage, prior behavioral modeling protocol can modulate functions. To confirm examine its impacts on VSTM, participants completed color recall task immediately following tDCS, while undergoing fMRI scan subsequent 7.5‐min resting‐state scan, during which they focused fixation cross. Behavioral results indicated decreased without significantly affecting overall success. Furthermore, psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed modulated hippocampal‐occipital connectivity task, despite no main effect BOLD activity. Notably, modulation was observed 15–20 post‐tDCS, magnitude correlating participants' changes across active control conditions. Combined, these findings suggest intrinsic between sensory areas, thereby precision.

Язык: Английский

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