Exploring survey methods for measuring consumption quantities of cannabis flower and concentrate products

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 49(6), С. 733 - 745

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2023

ABSTRACTBackground: Researchers need accurate measurements of cannabis consumption quantities to assess risks and benefits. Survey methods for measuring flower concentrate remain underdeveloped.Objective: We examined "grams" "hits" units quantities, calculating milligrams THC (mgTHC).Methods: Online survey participants (n = 2,381) reported preferred unit (hits or grams), past-week hits grams each product, product %THC. Quantile regression compared mgTHC between unit-preference subgroups. Hits-based calculations assumed a universal grams-per-hit ratio (GPHR). To examine individualized GPHRs, we tested "two-item approach," which divided total by hits, "one-item 0.5 responses the question: "How many would it take you finish 1/2 g your [product] [administration method]?"Results: Participants were primarily daily consumers (77%), 50% female sex, mean age 39.0 (SD 16.4), 85% White, 49% employed full-time. Compared those who unit, consuming more grams, higher %THC products, consequently, larger median (flower-hits mgTHC: 32 vs. 91 (95%CI: 52–67); flower-grams 27 113 73–95); concentrate-hits 29 59 15–43); concentrate-grams 61 129 43–94)). "Two-item" "one-item" approach GPHRs similar frequently smaller than GPHR.Conclusion: Allowing respondents choose when reporting does not compromise estimates. A low-burden, one-item yields "hit sizes" that may improve estimates.KEYWORDS: CannabismeasurementquantitysurveyTHC AcknowledgmentsWe like thank David Hammond, Ryan Vandrey, Tory Spindle, Marcel Bonn-Miller, Carrie Cuttler, LaTrice Montgomery, Adam Leventhal, this study.Disclosure statementDrs. Alan Budney Jacob Borodovsky report funding from NIDA as potential conflict interest. Dr. is member Scientific Review Board Canopy Growth consultant Jazz Pharmaceuticals. All other authors manuscript have no conflicts interest report.Additional informationFundingNational Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [R01-DA050032], [T32-DA037202], [P30-DA037202], [R21-DA057535]. The sources involved in study design; collection, analysis, interpretation data; writing report; decision submit article publication.

Язык: Английский

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Cannabis Use Disorder: A Behavioral Economic Perspective

Current Addiction Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9(1), С. 1 - 13

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Concurrent validity of the marijuana purchase task: a meta‐analysis of trait‐level cannabis demand and cannabis involvement

Addiction, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 118(4), С. 620 - 633

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2022

Abstract Background and aims The Marijuana Purchase Task (MPT) is increasingly used to measure cannabis reinforcing value has potential use for etiological regulatory research. This meta‐analysis sought evaluate the first time MPT's concurrent validity in relation involvement. Methods Electronic databases pre‐print repositories were searched MPT studies that examined cross‐sectional relationship between frequency quantity of use, problems, dependence, five indicators: intensity (i.e. unrestricted consumption), O max maximum P price at which demand becomes elastic), breakpoint consumption ceases), elasticity sensitivity rising costs). Random effects meta‐analyses effect sizes conducted, with Q tests examining differences by variables, meta‐regression test quantitative moderators, publication bias assessment. Moderators included sex, number prices, variable transformations, year publication. Populations community clinical samples. Results searches yielded 14 ( n = 4077, median % females: 44.8%: weighted average age 29.08 [SD 6.82]), published 2015 2022. Intensity, , showed most robust (| r 's| 0.147–325, p s < 0.014) largest significant | 0.325) dependence 0.320, 0.305, 0.303). Higher proportion males was associated increased estimates elasticity‐quantity ‐problems. prices significantly altered magnitude suggesting biased estimations if excessively low are considered. Methodological quality generally good, minimal evidence observed. Conclusions marijuana purchase task presents adequate demand, robustly intensity, elasticity. Moderating sex suggest potentially meaningful cannabis.

Язык: Английский

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The effect of next day responsibilities and an adaptive purchase task on cannabis demand

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 227, С. 108919 - 108919

Опубликована: Июль 28, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Substance-related cross-commodity purchase tasks: A systematic review.

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(1), С. 72 - 86

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2022

In the context of behavioral economics, drug use is a choice to which an individual may allocate responding despite presence alternative response possibilities. To examine demand for in environment other drugs or nondrug alternatives are present, researchers often cross-commodity purchase task. These tasks allow participants make choices across several reinforcers at varied unit prices and elucidate economic patterns substitutability complementarity. The objective this study was conduct systematic review task studies with human participants.

Язык: Английский

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Simultaneous Cannabis and Alcohol Use among Medical Cannabis Patients

Substance Use & Misuse, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 59(6), С. 847 - 857

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2024

Background: During the past two decades of cannabis legalization, prevalence medical (MC) use has increased and there also been an upward trend in alcohol consumption. As less restricted laws generate more adult users, is concern that individuals may be simultaneously using with alcohol. A few studies have examined simultaneous alcohol, but none those assessed patients' current or previous non-medical use. This paper explores among patients a specific focus on history Methods: retrospective cohort study MC (N = 319) from four dispensaries located New York. Bivariate chi-square tests multivariable logistic regression are used to estimate extent which sociodemographic other factors were associated Results: Approximately 29% sample engaged large share these users report (44%) (66%) for purposes. who either previously currently non-medicinally, men, treat pain-related condition, significantly likely alcohol/MC Conclusions: Findings indicate differential risks related use, should considered by regulatory policies prevention/treatment programs. If and/or manage pain, clinicians screen both risk factors.

Язык: Английский

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Behavioral Economic Strategies to Improve Enrollment Rates in Clinical Research: Embedded Recruitment Pilot Trial

JMIR Formative Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 7, С. e47121 - e47121

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Nearly 1 in 3 clinical trials end prematurely due to underenrollment. Strategies enhance recruitment are often implemented without scientific rigor evaluate efficacy. Evidence-based, cost-effective behavioral economic strategies designed influence decision-making may be useful promote trial enrollment.This study evaluated 2 improve enrollment and retention rates across 4 trials: information provision (IP) contingency management (CM; ie, lottery). IP targets descriptive injunctive norms about participating research CM provides participants incentives reinforce a target behavior.A sample of 212 was enrolled focused on tobacco use: HIV neuroimaging. The condition included lottery: for each visit completed, received 5 "draws" from bowl containing 500 "chips" valued at US $0, $1, $5, or $100. In the condition, text messages that targeted (eg, "Many find it rewarding way advance science part community") were sent through Way Health platform before all visits. Participants randomized conditions: IP, CM, IP+CM, standard (SR). We performed logistic regression, controlling sex study, with as between-subject predictor. Outcomes percentage who attended final eligibility (primary), met intent-to-treat (ITT) criteria (secondary), completed (secondary). Recruitment by visit, ITT status, study.Rates attending meeting status 58.9% (33/56) 33.9% (19/56) IP+CM; 45.5% (25/55) 18.2% (10/55) only; 41.5% (22/53) 18.9% (10/53) 37.5% (18/48) 12.5% (6/48) SR, respectively. females more likely meet than males (odds ratio [OR] 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-5.7; P=.01). IP+CM group twice attend SR (OR 2.4, 1.1-5.2; P=.04). also significantly reach 3.9, 1.3-11.1; Those any active intervention (IP, IP+CM) had higher completion rate (33/53, 63.5%) compared those (5/12, 41.7%), but this difference not significant (P=.26).Combining motivate participate rates. Evidence preliminary support utility economics reduce attrition trials.

Язык: Английский

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A hypothetical lottery task to assess relative resource allocation toward alcohol and cannabis.

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(1), С. 144 - 155

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2022

Relative spending on substances (vs. alternatives) is predictive of several substance use outcomes, but it can be challenging to assess. We examined a novel method assessing relative resource allocation through the hypothetical lottery task wherein participants assume they collected $100,000 United States dollars in winnings and were tasked with allocating their across categories (e.g., savings, leisure, alcohol, cannabis). hypothesized funds toward alcohol cannabis would positively associated more problems each substance.

Язык: Английский

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Do alcohol and cannabis substitute or complement each other? Analysis from behavioral economics for formulating public policy on substance use in Colombia

Translational Behavioral Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(6), С. 734 - 741

Опубликована: Май 24, 2022

After alcohol and tobacco, cannabis is the third most used substance among young Colombian adults, many consume concomitantly. However, academics have debated whether these substances substitute or complement each other consumers. Understanding relationship between price demand for psychoactive can clarify consumption patterns help to develop strategies reduce harmful consumption. This paper summarizes worldwide evidence of both complementary substitution relationships discusses probable types in Colombia based on its use current regulations. Like countries, considering legalizing recreational use. there a growing concern that legalization would increase negative impacts adult population. The lack empirical studies about legal changes market makes it difficult predict how such affect elasticities.

Язык: Английский

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Behavioral economic relationship between cannabis flower and concentrates: Evidence from simulated purchase tasks.

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 31(3), С. 694 - 703

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2022

Cannabis users use different forms of cannabis, which are associated with distinct public health concerns. Policies that aim to regulate one specific form may have unintended impacts on other forms. This study examined the behavioral economic relationship between flower and concentrates, two most common cannabis. We surveyed 605 adult cannabis (21+) who lived in U.S. states had legalized recreational by time interview 2019. The participants completed simulated purchase tasks, asked how much concentrates they would next 30 days at escalating prices. estimated (a) demand indices own-price elasticities using nonlinear exponential models (b) group- individual-level cross-price log-linear models. rate change elasticity (α) was 0.00066 for (

Язык: Английский

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