AI and Ethics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2024
Язык: Английский
The International Journal of Press/Politics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
While Africans are committed to democracy, governments across the continent have failed deliver on democratic aspirations of populace, with declinatory outcomes for satisfaction democracy (SWD) over past decade. A number reliable variables (e.g., economics, political participation, performance) been used 50 years study trends in SWD worldwide. Yet integrity information ecosystems, including misinformation and censorship levels not fully explored as predictors SWD. As concerns about social web’s diffusion culminated policy considerations worldwide, we focused African continent, where current global push government action curb tide could facilitate backsliding into authoritarian practices. Using a data set 40,801 respondents from 34 countries, found that media news use perceptions circulation impacted citizen attitudes moderating influence
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Опубликована: Март 4, 2024
Recent academic debate has seen the emergence of claim that misinformation is not a significant problem. We believe arguments used to support this minimizing position are flawed, particularly if interpreted (e.g., by policymakers or public) as suggesting can be safely ignored. Here, we rebut two main claims, namely substantive concern (1) due its low incidence and (2) because it no causal influence on notable political behavioral outcomes. Through critical review current literature, demonstrate prevalence non-negligible reasonably inclusive definitions applied impacts important beliefs behaviors. Both scholars should therefore continue take seriously.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
Current Opinion in Insect Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 68, С. 101338 - 101338
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
BMJ Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1), С. e087868 - e087868
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Objectives Microbial threats pose a growing concern worldwide. This paper reports the analysis of Iran’s policy process against microbial threats. Design is qualitative study. Participants We interviewed 16 purposefully identified key informants selected through snowball sampling. Setting Through lens stages heuristic framework, we analysed interviews by using thematic content analysis. used MAXQDA V.2020 software for data analysis, themes and subthemes discussed our findings to validate results. Results extracted four main categories in accordance with domains. agenda-setting process, three themes: magnitude problem, actors’ power priorities. highlighted significant impact threats, influence powerful stakeholders underprioritisation infectious diseases based on perceived urgency resources. In formulation, explored themes, related governance, coherence integration policies barriers effective formulation. Governance issues included transparency, engagement stakeholders, conflict interest use evidence, while focused insufficient plans as well temporary defensive policymaking. Barriers formulation encompassed delay policymaking, gap response public needs, weakness feasibility, risk assessment management. For implementation, governance coordination, health system capacity. Effective implementation was hindered fragmented inadequate communication accountability systemic barriers, capacity limited terms infrastructure human Finally, monitoring evaluation (M&E) resulted identification two discrepancies M&E M&E. The varied, some programmes having regular evaluations others lacking compliance international standards. access, information-sharing inefficiencies system. Conclusions Iran needs prioritise diseases, invest preventive measures, improve strengthen capacity, enhance so on, combat effectively. Learning from successful experiences other countries can help develop more strategies address global country.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Applied Cognitive Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT False balance arises when opposing viewpoints about a scientific issue are portrayed as more evenly matched than what the empirical evidence demonstrates. We examined extent to which partition dependence is psychological mechanism underlying false effect. Participants ( N = 360) read statement an interrogation practice (i.e., use of ploys) that reached expert consensus, viewed data level and then assigned randomly view (a) balanced comments in equal proportion on each side (3:3), (b) two‐sided with consensus views (5:1), (c) contrarian (1:5), or (d) no at all. Results showed distorted perceived had largest impact debiasing consensus. discuss implications our findings for science communication efforts.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Episteme, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 18
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025
Abstract It is frequently argued that false and misleading claims, spread primarily on social media, are a serious problem in need of urgent response. Current strategies to address the – relying fact-checks, source labeling, limits visibility certain and, ultimately, content removals face two shortcomings: they ineffective biased. Consequently, it reasonable want seek alternatives. This paper provides one: problems with misinformation, media platforms should abandon third-party fact-checks rely instead user-driven prediction markets. solution likely less biased more effective than currently implemented alternatives therefore, constitutes superior way tackling misinformation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
The International Journal of Press/Politics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
Concerns have been raised over AI-generated deepfakes and their impact on democracy. Unlike earlier forms of disinformation relying text or traditional video-editing techniques (cheapfakes), employ artificial intelligence, provoking speculations that they may be even more persuasive harder to debunk. Using an experiment with a multiple-message design ( N = 2,085), we found fake videos suggesting sex, corruption, prejudice scandal—but not text-only fakes—elicited substantial reputational damage for innocent politician, regardless whether the underlying technique was “cheap” “deep.” This visible in altered attitudes, emotions, voting intentions. However, exposure journalistic fact-check substantially reduced eliminated detrimental effects. These findings important implications our theoretical understanding related effects mitigation strategies deepfakes. While clearly highlighting significant potential (and visual general), present study paints nuanced picture than previously possible.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Опубликована: Март 20, 2025
Experts consider misinformation a significant societal concern due to its associated problems like political polarization, erosion of trust, and public health challenges. However, these broad effects can occur independently misinformation, illustrating misalignment with the narrow focus prevailing concept. We propose using disagreement—conflicting attitudes beliefs—as more effective framework for studying effects. This approach, example, reveals limitations current interventions offers method empirically test whether we are living in post-truth era.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Health Promotion International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 40(2)
Опубликована: Март 5, 2025
Abstract Misinformation has been identified as a major threat to society and public health. Social media significantly contributes the spread of misinformation global reach. Health range adverse outcomes, including influencing individuals’ decisions (e.g. choosing not vaccinate), erosion trust in authoritative institutions. There are many interrelated causes problem, ability non-experts rapidly post information, influence bots social algorithms. Equally, nature media, limited commitment for action from giants, rapid technological advancements hamper progress improving information quality accuracy this setting. In short, it is problem that requires constellation synergistic actions aimed at users, content creators, companies, governments. A health approach media-based includes tertiary, secondary, primary prevention may help address immediate impacts, long-term consequences, root misinformation. Tertiary ‘treat’ involves increased monitoring, debunking, warning labels on posts high risk containing Secondary strategies include nudging interventions prompts about preventing appear when sharing content) education build literacy. Finally, there an urgent need prevention, systems-level changes key mechanisms international law regulate industry. Anything less means misinformation—and its societal consequences—will continue spread.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Water, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(2)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Water governance—the structures and processes for making collective choices over how to allocate, deliver, protect water supplies—poses both an opportunity a challenge democracy. governance can create opportunities knowledge‐sharing, collaboration, meaningful civic engagement, which support democratic goals like legitimacy accountability. However, when exacerbates racial socioeconomic inequalities or fails inform involve citizens, people may feel alienated from political systems institutions—threatening In this Perspective, we highlight three vehicles democracy (cross‐sector community advisory processes, community‐led institutions) threats (lack of capacity, imbalanced power in decision‐making, explicit exclusion marginalized voices) that are common the United States. We further examine lessons research practice on pathways strengthen democracy, namely assessing building formalized outcomes reinforce accountability our
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0