Embracing the unknown: disentangling the complexities of the soil microbiome

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 15(10), С. 579 - 590

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2017

Язык: Английский

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The significance of soils and soil science towards realization of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals

SOIL, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 2(2), С. 111 - 128

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2016

Abstract. In this forum paper we discuss how soil scientists can help to reach the recently adopted UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in most effective manner. Soil science, as a land-related discipline, has important links several of SDGs, which are demonstrated through functions soils and ecosystem services that linked those (see graphical abstract Supplement). We explore rise challenge both internally, terms our procedures practices, externally, relations with colleague other disciplines, diverse groups stakeholders policy arena. To meet these goals recommend following steps be taken by science community whole: (i) embrace they provide platform allows demonstrate its relevance for realizing sustainable society 2030; (ii) show specific value science: research should explicitly using modern information improve results inter- transdisciplinary studies on SDGs related food security, water scarcity, climate change, biodiversity loss health threats; (iii) take leadership overarching system analysis ecosystems, have an integrated nature places unique position; raise awareness organic matter key attribute illustrate importance services; (iv) transfer knowledge brokers background; (v) start at basis: educational programmes needed all levels, starting primary schools, emphasizing practical, down-to-earth examples; (vi) facilitate communication arena framing resonate politicians cycle or considering drivers, pressures responses affecting impacts land use change; finally (vii) is only possible if researchers, front lines, look over hedge towards world large arena, reaching listen first, basis genuine collaboration.

Язык: Английский

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Soil and the intensification of agriculture for global food security

Environment International, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 132, С. 105078 - 105078

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2019

Soils are the most complex and diverse ecosystem in world. In addition to providing humanity with 98.8% of its food, soils provide a broad range other services, from carbon storage greenhouse gas regulation, flood mitigation support for our sprawling cities. But soil is finite resource, rapid human population growth coupled increasing consumption placing unprecedented pressure on through intensification agricultural production - crop yield per unit area soil. Indeed, has increased ca. 250 million year 1000, 6.1 billion 2000, projected reach 9.8 by 2050. The current practices already resulting unsustainable degradation soils. Major forms this include loss organic matter release gases, over-application fertilizers, erosion, contamination, acidification, salinization, genetic diversity. This ongoing decreasing long-term ability humans including future food production, causing environmental harm. It imperative that global society not shortsighted focusing solely near-immediate benefits soils, such as supply. A failure identify importance within increasingly intensive systems will undoubtedly have serious consequences represents consider intergenerational equity. Of utmost need unequivocally recognize leads clear economic cost principles needing be explicitly considered frameworks decision-making processes at all levels governance. We contend concept Water-Food-Energy nexus must expanded, forming Water-Soil-Food-Energy nexus.

Язык: Английский

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An Underground Revolution: Biodiversity and Soil Ecological Engineering for Agricultural Sustainability

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 31(6), С. 440 - 452

Опубликована: Март 16, 2016

Язык: Английский

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The concept and future prospects of soil health

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 1(10), С. 544 - 553

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Agricultural intensification reduces microbial network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in roots

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 13(7), С. 1722 - 1736

Опубликована: Март 8, 2019

Root-associated microbes play a key role in plant performance and productivity, making them important players agroecosystems. So far, very few studies have assessed the impact of different farming systems on root microbiota it is still unclear whether agricultural intensification influences structure complexity microbial communities. We investigated conventional, no-till, organic wheat fungal communities using PacBio SMRT sequencing samples collected from 60 farmlands Switzerland. Organic harbored much more complex network with significantly higher connectivity than conventional no-till systems. The abundance keystone taxa was highest under where lowest. also found strong negative association (R2 = 0.366; P < 0.0001) between connectivity. occurrence best explained by soil phosphorus levels, bulk density, pH, mycorrhizal colonization. majority are known to form arbuscular associations plants belong orders Glomerales, Paraglomerales, Diversisporales. Supporting this, fungi roots soils farming. To our knowledge, this first study report for agroecosystems, we demonstrate that reduces microbiome.

Язык: Английский

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Multiple elements of soil biodiversity drive ecosystem functions across biomes

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4(2), С. 210 - 220

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Crop Residue Burning in India: Policy Challenges and Potential Solutions

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 16(5), С. 832 - 832

Опубликована: Март 7, 2019

India, the second largest agro-based economy with year-round crop cultivation, generates a large amount of agricultural waste, including residues. In absence adequate sustainable management practices, approximately 92 seems very small number metric tons waste is burned every year in causing excessive particulate matter emissions and air pollution. Crop residue burning has become major environmental problem health issues as well contributing to global warming. Composting, biochar production mechanization are few effective techniques that can help curtail issue while retaining nutrients present soil. The government India attempted this problem, through numerous measures campaigns designed promote methods such converting into energy. However, alarming rise pollution levels caused by city Delhi other northern areas observed recent years, especially after 2015, suggest not yet under control. solution lies implementation practices Government interventions policies. This manuscript addresses underlying technical policy prevented from achieving long-lasting also potential solutions have been overlooked. these requires us look at socioeconomic aspects had considered. discusses some considerations functionality based on analyses current practices. sector benefit immensely examples sectors municipal solid (MSW) wastewater where collection, segregation, recycling disposal institutionalized secure an operational system. Active stakeholder involvement education empowerment farmers along product manufacturing assist tremendously. Even though touches many sectors, environment, agriculture, economy, social aspects, education, energy, past governmental efforts mainly revolved around agriculture sectorial thinking another barrier needs be broken. governments developing countries emerging concept nexus managing resources. Nexus promotes higher-level integration higher level goes beyond disciplinary boundaries, providing supporting platform solve burning.

Язык: Английский

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Soil structure and microbiome functions in agroecosystems

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4(1), С. 4 - 18

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Biochar amendment improves crop production in problem soils: A review

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 232, С. 8 - 21

Опубликована: Ноя. 20, 2018

Язык: Английский

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