Climate Change, Coral Loss, and the Curious Case of the Parrotfish Paradigm: Why Don't Marine Protected Areas Improve Reef Resilience?

Annual Review of Marine Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(1), С. 307 - 334

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2019

Scientists have advocated for local interventions, such as creating marine protected areas and implementing fishery restrictions, ways to mitigate stressors limit the effects of climate change on reef-building corals. However, in a literature review, we find little empirical support notion managed resilience. We outline some reasons why protection herbivorous fish (especially parrotfish) had effect coral One key explanation is that impacts (e.g., pollution fishing) are often swamped by much greater ocean warming Another sheer complexity (including numerous context dependencies) five cascading links assumed managed-resilience hypothesis. If reefs cannot be saved actions alone, then it time face reef degradation head-on, directly addressing anthropogenic change—the root cause global decline.

Язык: Английский

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Local conditions magnify coral loss after marine heatwaves

Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 372(6545), С. 977 - 980

Опубликована: Май 27, 2021

Climate change threatens coral reefs by causing heat stress events that lead to widespread bleaching and mortality. Given the global nature of these mass mortality events, recent studies argue mitigating climate is only path conserve reefs. Using a analysis 223 sites, we show local stressors act synergistically with kill corals. Local factors such as high abundance macroalgae or urchins magnified loss in year after bleaching. Notably, combined effects increasing intensified loss. Our results offer an optimistic premise effective management, alongside efforts mitigate change, can help survive Anthropocene.

Язык: Английский

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Virus–host interactions and their roles in coral reef health and disease

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 15(4), С. 205 - 216

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Microbial indicators of environmental perturbations in coral reef ecosystems

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2019

Coral reefs are facing unprecedented pressure on local and global scales. Sensitive rapid markers for ecosystem stress urgently needed to underpin effective management restoration strategies. Although the fundamental contribution of microbes stability functioning coral is widely recognised, it remains unclear how different reef microbiomes respond environmental perturbations whether sensitive enough predict anomalies that can lead stress. However, lack microbial baselines hinders our ability study link between shifts in In this study, we established a comprehensive reference database selected Great Barrier Reef sites assess diagnostic value multiple free-living host-associated infer state ecosystems. A database, originating from (i.e. seawater, sediment, corals, sponges macroalgae), was generated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing 381 samples collected over course 16 months. By coupling parameters, showed seawater microbiome has greatest surrounding environment. fact, 56% observed compositional variation explained temporal successions were characterised uniform community assembly patterns. Host-associated microbiomes, contrast, five-times less responsive environment their patterns generally uniform. applying suite indicator machine learning approaches, further data provide an accurate prediction temperature eutrophication chlorophyll concentration turbidity). Our results reveal communities have high potential parameters due sensitivity predictability. This highlights microorganisms illustrates long-term monitoring initiatives could be enhanced incorporating assessments seawater. We therefore recommend timely integration sampling into current initiatives.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrogen enrichment, altered stoichiometry, and coral reef decline at Looe Key, Florida Keys, USA: a 3-decade study

Marine Biology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 166(8)

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Coral Probiotics: Premise, Promise, Prospects

Annual Review of Animal Biosciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 9(1), С. 265 - 288

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2020

The use of Beneficial Microorganisms for Corals (BMCs) has been proposed recently as a tool the improvement coral health, with knowledge in this research topic advancing rapidly. BMCs are defined consortia microorganisms that contribute to health through mechanisms include (a) promoting nutrition and growth, (b) mitigating stress impacts toxic compounds, (c) deterring pathogens, (d) benefiting early life-stage development. Here, we review current BMC approach outline studies have proven its potential increase resilience stress. We revisit expand list putative beneficial associated corals their mechanismsthat facilitate improved host performance. Further, discuss caveats bottlenecks affecting efficacy close by focusing on next steps application at larger scales can improve outcomes reefs globally.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrogen pollution interacts with heat stress to increase coral bleaching across the seascape

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 117(10), С. 5351 - 5357

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2020

Climate change is increasing the frequency and magnitude of temperature anomalies that cause coral bleaching, leading to widespread mortality stony corals can fundamentally alter reef structure function. However, bleaching often spatially variable for a given heat stress event, drivers this heterogeneity are not well resolved. While small-scale experiments have shown excess nitrogen increase susceptibility colony we lack evidence in pollution shape spatial patterns across seascape. Using island-wide surveys availability within Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework, tested hypothesis interacts with two dominant genera branching Moorea, French Polynesia. For both genera, Pocillopora Acropora, primarily drove prevalence (i.e., proportion colonies on bleached). In contrast, severity an individual bleached) was positively associated genera. Importantly, interacted up twofold when high relatively low. Our finding trigger severe even under low implies mitigating nutrient may enhance resilience communities face mounting stresses from global climate change.

Язык: Английский

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Impacts of nitrogen pollution on corals in the context of global climate change and potential strategies to conserve coral reefs

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 774, С. 145017 - 145017

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Geological evolution of offshore pollution and its long-term potential impacts on marine ecosystems

Geoscience Frontiers, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(5), С. 101427 - 101427

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2022

Populations and metropolitan centers are accumulated in coastal areas around the world. In view of fact that they geographically adjacent to coasts intense anthropogenic activities, increasing global offshore pollution has been an important worldwide concern over past several decades become a very serious problem needs be addressed urgently. Due pollution, various geological disasters occur high frequency, including intensified erosion salinization soils, frequent collapses landslides seismic activities. Moreover, shows increasingly impacts on topography geomorphology areas, degradation, retreating coastlines estuary delta erosion. Offshore sedimentation processes strongly influenced by pH changes terrestrial discharges, sedimentary dynamics have extremely acute complex due pollution. The seabed hydrodynamic environment determine fate transport pollutants entering regions. Coastal estuaries, port basins lagoons relatively moderate ocean currents winds more likely accumulate pollutants. regions undersea canyons can used as conduits for transporting from continent seabed. It is particularly noteworthy spatial/temporal distribution species, community structures, ecological functions undergone unprecedented recent decades. stable succession development trend marine ecosystems broken. thus identify regulate quantity, composition transportation their behavior ecosystems. particular, crucial actions stabilizing ecosystems, species biodiversity, should implemented enhance anti-interference capabilities. This review provides overview current situation well major trends pollutant transformation sediments, bioaccumulation diffusion. study retrospectively reviews long-term evolution perspective geology, analyses potential risks associated with released research influence based geology undoubtedly needed.

Язык: Английский

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The coral microbiome: towards an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of coral–microbiota interactions

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 47(2)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Corals live in a complex, multipartite symbiosis with diverse microbes across kingdoms, some of which are implicated vital functions, such as those related to resilience against climate change. However, knowledge gaps and technical challenges limit our understanding the nature functional significance complex symbiotic relationships within corals. Here, we provide an overview complexity coral microbiome focusing on taxonomic diversity functions well-studied cryptic microbes. Mining literature indicate that while corals collectively harbour third all marine bacterial phyla, known symbionts antagonists represent minute fraction this these taxa cluster into select genera, suggesting selective evolutionary mechanisms enabled bacteria gain niche holobiont. Recent advances research aimed at leveraging manipulation increase coral's fitness help mitigate heat stress-related mortality discussed. Then, insights potential through microbiota can communicate modify host responses examined by describing recognition patterns, microbially derived epigenome effector proteins gene regulation. Finally, power omics tools used study highlighted emphasis integrated host-microbiota multiomics framework understand underlying during change-driven dysbiosis.

Язык: Английский

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