Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2020
Abstract
Renewable
energy
production
is
necessary
to
halt
climate
change
and
reverse
associated
biodiversity
losses.
However,
generating
the
required
technologies
infrastructure
will
drive
an
increase
in
of
many
metals,
creating
new
mining
threats
for
biodiversity.
Here,
we
map
areas
assess
their
spatial
coincidence
with
conservation
sites
priorities.
Mining
potentially
influences
50
million
km
2
Earth’s
land
surface,
8%
coinciding
Protected
Areas,
7%
Key
Biodiversity
16%
Remaining
Wilderness.
Most
(82%)
target
materials
needed
renewable
production,
that
overlap
Areas
Wilderness
contain
a
greater
density
mines
(our
indicator
threat
severity)
compared
overlapping
other
materials.
as
more
and,
without
strategic
planning,
these
may
surpass
those
averted
by
mitigation.
Remotely-sensed
and
bottom-up
survey
information
were
compiled
on
eight
variables
measuring
the
direct
indirect
human
pressures
environment
globally
in
1993
2009.
This
represents
not
only
most
current
of
its
type,
but
also
first
temporally-consistent
set
Human
Footprint
maps.
Data
acquired
or
developed
for:
1)
built
environments,
2)
population
density,
3)
electric
infrastructure,
4)
crop
lands,
5)
pasture
6)
roads,
7)
railways,
8)
navigable
waterways.
Pressures
then
overlaid
to
create
standardized
maps
for
all
non-Antarctic
land
areas.
A
validation
analysis
using
scored
from
3114×1
km(2)
random
sample
plots
revealed
strong
agreement
with
We
anticipate
that
will
find
a
range
uses
as
proxies
disturbance
natural
systems.
The
updated
should
provide
an
increased
understanding
drive
macro-ecological
patterns,
well
tracking
environmental
change
informing
conservation
science
application.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
25(3), С. 811 - 826
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2019
Abstract
An
increasing
number
of
international
initiatives
aim
to
reconcile
development
with
conservation.
Crucial
successful
implementation
these
is
a
comprehensive
understanding
the
current
ecological
condition
landscapes
and
their
spatial
distributions.
Here,
we
provide
cumulative
measure
human
modification
terrestrial
lands
based
on
modeling
physical
extents
13
anthropogenic
stressors
estimated
impacts
using
spatially
explicit
global
datasets
median
year
2016.
We
quantified
degree
land
amount
configuration
low
modified
(i.e.,
natural
areas
relatively
free
from
alteration)
across
all
ecoregions
biomes.
identified
that
fewer
unmodified
remain
than
previously
reported
most
world
in
state
intermediate
modification,
52%
classified
as
moderately
modified.
Given
fall
within
critical
use
thresholds,
propose
they
warrant
elevated
attention
require
proactive
planning
maintain
biodiversity
ecosystem
function
before
important
environmental
values
are
lost.
Remote Sensing of Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
280, С. 113195 - 113195
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2022
Since
1972,
the
Landsat
program
has
been
continually
monitoring
Earth,
to
now
provide
50
years
of
digital,
multispectral,
medium
spatial
resolution
observations.
Over
this
time,
data
were
crucial
for
many
scientific
and
technical
advances.
Prior
program,
detailed,
synoptic
depictions
Earth's
surface
rare,
ability
acquire
work
with
large
datasets
was
limited.
The
early
delivered
a
series
technological
breakthroughs,
pioneering
new
methods,
demonstrating
capacity
digital
satellite
imagery,
creating
template
other
global
Earth
observation
missions
programs.
Innovations
driven
by
have
paved
way
subsequent
science,
application,
policy
support
activities.
economic
value
knowledge
gained
through
long
recognized,
despite
periods
funding
uncertainty,
resulted
in
program's
continuity,
as
well
substantive
ongoing
improvements
payload
mission
performance.
Free
open
access
data,
enacted
2008,
unprecedented
substantially
increased
usage
led
proliferation
science
application
opportunities.
Here,
we
highlight
key
developments
over
past
that
influenced
changed
our
understanding
system.
Major
programmatic
impacts
realized
areas
agricultural
crop
mapping
water
use,
climate
change
drivers
impacts,
ecosystems
land
cover
monitoring,
changing
human
footprint.
introduction
collection
processing,
coupled
free
policy,
facilitated
transition
away
from
single
images
towards
time
analyses
fostered
widespread
use
science-grade
data.
launch
Landsat-9
on
September
27,
2021,
advanced
planning
its
successor
mission,
Landsat-Next,
underscore
sustained
institutional
program.
Such
commitment
continuity
is
recognition
both
historic
impact
future
potential
build
upon
Landsat's
remarkable
50-year
legacy.
Biological Conservation,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
233, С. 298 - 315
Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2019
Improved
understanding
of
human-nature
interactions
is
crucial
to
conservation
science
and
practice,
but
collecting
relevant
data
remains
challenging.
Recently,
social
media
have
become
an
increasingly
important
source
information
on
interactions.
However,
the
use
advanced
methods
for
analysing
still
limited,
are
not
used
their
full
potential.
In
this
article,
we
present
available
sources
approaches
mining
these
science.
Specifically,
(i)
describe
what
kind
can
be
retrieved
from
platforms,
(ii)
provide
a
detailed
overview
spatio-temporal,
content
network
analyses,
(iii)
exemplify
potential
real-world
challenges,
(iv)
discuss
limitations
analysis
in
Combined
with
other
carefully
considering
biases
ethical
issues,
complementary
cost-efficient
addressing
grand
challenges
biodiversity
Anthropocene
epoch.
