Scientists’ warning to humanity: microorganisms and climate change

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 17(9), С. 569 - 586

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2019

In the Anthropocene, in which we now live, climate change is impacting most life on Earth. Microorganisms support existence of all higher trophic forms. To understand how humans and other forms Earth (including those are yet to discover) can withstand anthropogenic change, it vital incorporate knowledge microbial 'unseen majority'. We must learn not just microorganisms affect production consumption greenhouse gases) but also they will be affected by human activities. This Consensus Statement documents central role global importance biology. It puts humanity notice that impact depend heavily responses microorganisms, essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future. The majority with share often goes unnoticed despite underlying major biogeochemical cycles food webs, thereby taking a key change. highlights microbiology issues call action microbiologists.

Язык: Английский

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The sponge holobiont in a changing ocean: from microbes to ecosystems

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Март 9, 2018

The recognition that all macroorganisms live in symbiotic association with microbial communities has opened up a new field biology. Animals, plants, and algae are now considered holobionts, complex ecosystems consisting of the host, microbiota, interactions among them. Accordingly, ecological concepts can be applied to understand host-derived processes govern dynamics interactive networks within holobiont. In marine systems, holobionts further integrated into larger more ecosystems, concept referred as "nested ecosystems." this review, we discuss dynamic interact at multiple scales respond environmental change. We focus on symbiosis sponges their communities—a resulted one most diverse environment. recent years, sponge microbiology remarkably advanced terms curated databases, standardized protocols, information functions microbiota. Like Russian doll, these translated holobiont impact surrounding ecosystem. For example, sponge-associated metabolisms, fueled by high filtering capacity substantially affect biogeochemical cycling key nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, phosphorous. Since increasingly threatened anthropogenic stressors jeopardize stability ecosystem, link between perturbations, dysbiosis, diseases. Experimental studies suggest community composition is tightly linked health, but whether dysbiosis cause or consequence collapse remains unresolved. Moreover, potential role microbiome mediating for acclimate adapt change unknown. Future should aim identify mechanisms underlying scales, from develop management strategies preserve provided our present future oceans.

Язык: Английский

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Beneficial Microorganisms for Corals (BMC): Proposed Mechanisms for Coral Health and Resilience

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8

Опубликована: Март 7, 2017

The symbiotic association between the coral animal and its endosymbiotic dinoflagellate partner Symbiodinium is central to success of corals. However, an array other microorganisms associated with (i.e., Bacteria, Archaea, Fungi viruses) have a complex intricate role in maintaining homeostasis corals Symbiodinium. Corals are sensitive shifts surrounding environmental conditions. One most widely reported responses stressful conditions bleaching. During this event, expel cells from their gastrodermal tissues upon experiencing extended seawater temperatures above thermal threshold. An stressors can also destabilize microbiome, resulting compromised health host, which may include disease mortality worst scenario. exact mechanisms by microbiome supports increases resilience poorly understood. Earlier studies microbiology proposed probiotic hypothesis, wherein dynamic relationship exists microorganisms, selecting for holobiont that best suited prevailing Here, we discuss microbial-host relationships within holobiont, along potential roles health. We propose term BMC (Beneficial Microorganisms Corals) define (specific) symbionts promote This concept analogous Plant Growth Promoting Rhizosphere (PGPR), has been explored manipulated agricultural industry inhabit rhizosphere directly or indirectly plant growth development through production regulatory signals, antibiotics nutrients. Additionally, effects on corals, suggesting strategies use knowledge manipulate reversing dysbiosis restore protect reefs. developing using consortia as "probiotics" improve resistance after bleaching events and/or such human-assisted acclimation/adaption shifting

Язык: Английский

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Rapid adaptive responses to climate change in corals

Nature Climate Change, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 7(9), С. 627 - 636

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Coral microbiome dynamics, functions and design in a changing world

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 17(9), С. 557 - 567

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Heat stress destabilizes symbiotic nutrient cycling in corals

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 118(5)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2021

Recurrent mass bleaching events are pushing coral reefs worldwide to the brink of ecological collapse. While symptoms and consequences this breakdown coral-algal symbiosis have been extensively characterized, our understanding underlying causes remains incomplete. Here, we investigated nutrient fluxes physiological as well molecular responses widespread Stylophora pistillata heat stress prior onset identify processes involved in symbiosis. We show that altered cycling during is a primary driver functional Heat increased metabolic energy demand host, which was compensated by catabolic degradation amino acids. The resulting shift from net uptake release ammonium holobiont subsequently promoted growth algal symbionts retention photosynthates. Together, these form feedback loop will gradually lead decoupling carbon translocation symbiont host. Energy limitation symbiotic thus key factors early response, directly contributing Interpreting stability light its interactions provides missing link environmental drivers may ultimately help uncover fundamental underpinning functioning endosymbioses general.

Язык: Английский

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Responses of Coral-Associated Bacterial Communities to Local and Global Stressors

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 4

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2017

The microbial contribution to ecological resilience is still largely overlooked in coral reef ecology. Coral-associated bacteria serve a wide variety of functional roles with reference the host, and thus, composition overall microbiome community can strongly influence health survival. Here, we synthesize findings recent studies (n=45) that evaluated impacts top three stressors facing reefs, climate change, water pollution overfishing, on structure diversity. Contrary species losses are typical many communities under stress, here show richness tends be higher rather than lower for stressed corals (i.e. ~60% cases), regardless stressor. Microbial responses stress were taxonomically consistent across stressors, specific taxa typically increasing abundance (e.g. Vibrionales, Flavobacteriales, Rhodobacterales, Altermonadales, Rhizobiales, Rhodospirillales Desulfovibrionales) others declining Oceanosprillales). Emerging evidence also suggests may increase beta diversity amongst colonies, potentially reflecting reduced ability host regulate its microbiome. Moving forward, will need discern implications stress-induced shifts hosts able use identify resilient corals. present supports hypothesis play important resilience, encourage focus contributions future research.

Язык: Английский

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The microbiome in threatened species conservation

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 229, С. 85 - 98

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Coral bacterial community structure responds to environmental change in a host-specific manner

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2019

Abstract The global decline of coral reefs heightens the need to understand how corals respond changing environmental conditions. Corals are metaorganisms, so-called holobionts, and restructuring associated bacterial community has been suggested as a means holobiont adaptation. However, potential for communities across species in different environments not systematically investigated. Here we show that structure responds host-specific manner upon cross-transplantation between reef sites with differing levels anthropogenic impact. Acropora hemprichii harbors highly flexible microbiome differs each level impact which had transplanted. In contrast, Pocillopora verrucosa remains remarkably stable. Interestingly, unaffected sites, find microbiomes become indistinguishable from back-transplanted controls, suggesting ability recover. It unclear whether differences associate bacteria flexibly reflects adaptation mechanisms change.

Язык: Английский

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The microbiome extends host evolutionary potential

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2021

Abstract The microbiome shapes many host traits, yet the biology of microbiomes challenges traditional evolutionary models. Here, we illustrate how integrating into quantitative genetics can help untangle complexities host-microbiome evolution. We describe two general ways in which may affect potential: by shifting mean phenotype and changing variance population. synthesize literature across diverse taxa discuss these scenarios could shape response to selection. conclude outlining key avenues research improve our understanding complex interplay between hosts microbiomes.

Язык: Английский

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