Sex peptide receptor-regulated polyandry modulates the balance of pre- and post-copulatory sexual selection in Drosophila

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2019

Abstract Polyandry prolongs sexual selection on males by forcing ejaculates to compete for fertilisation. Recent theory predicts that increasing polyandry may weaken pre-copulatory and increase the relative importance of post-copulatory selection, but experimental tests this prediction are lacking. Here, we manipulate levels in groups Drosophila melanogaster deletion female sex peptide receptor . We show which sex-peptide-receptor is absent females ( SPR- ) have higher polyandry, – as a result weaker male mating success, compared controls. Post-copulatory paternity share relatively more important groups, where gain additional repeatedly with same females. These results provide evidence elevated weakens males, shifts events, pathway can play key role modulating process

Язык: Английский

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Sexual selection and ageing: interplay between pre- and post-copulatory traits senescence in the guppy

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 286(1897), С. 20182873 - 20182873

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2019

Traits associated with mating and fertilization success are expected to senesce age, but limited information is available on their relative rates of senescence. In polyandrous species, male reproductive fitness depends both success. Because successful a prerequisite for post-copulatory sexual selection, ejaculate traits faster than pre-copulatory traits, as selection often deemed be stronger selection. This pattern has generally been found in the few empirical studies conducted so far. We tested this prediction guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ), livebearing fish characterized by intense sperm competition, comparing expression at two ages (four nine months). Contrary prediction, we that senesced significantly slower rate traits. also looked whether early investment those affects longevity, interaction between age (duration storage inside male) age. Our results suggest senescence pre- may vary among species different systems ecology.

Язык: Английский

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Socio-ecological context modulates the significance of territorial contest competition in Drosophila prolongata

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 292(2039)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The intensity and direction of sexual selection are intricately linked to the social ecological context. Both operational sex ratios (OSRs) population densities can affect ability males monopolize resources mates, thus form on them. Here, we studied how mating system promiscuous strongly sexually dimorphic fruit fly Drosophila prolongata responds changes in OSR density. We recorded groups flies over five days quantified territory occupancy, success (MS) competitive fertilization success. Although was stronger under male-biased than even OSRs but unrelated density, realized morphological traits higher increased with Larger more territorial achieved both MS success, only OSRs. Our combined results also support a shift from contest competition scramble potentially at low where there no clear contribution measured reproductive study emphasizes limitations traditional metrics role socio-ecological context predicting adaptation changing environment.

Язык: Английский

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Structure of sexual networks determines the operation of sexual selection

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 115(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 18, 2017

Significance Sexual selection is a powerful evolutionary force, but debate persists over its strength and quantification. We argue that current approaches ignore the structure of sexual network. capture this network with metric we call “mating assortment” precisely exhaustively captures indirect as well direct relationship between male’s promiscuity his partners. show mating assortment highly variable in nature use simulations to reveal such variation plays key—but so far unappreciated—role determining on males. Our results provide clear quantitative method for studying many systems which both polygyny polyandry co-occur.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of ovarian fluid and genetic differences on sperm performance and fertilization success of alternative reproductive tactics in Chinook salmon

Journal of Evolutionary Biology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 30(6), С. 1236 - 1245

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2017

Abstract In many species, sperm velocity affects variation in the outcome of male competitive fertilization success. fishes, ovarian fluid ( OF ) released with eggs can increase and potentially facilitate cryptic female choice for males specific phenotypes and/or genotypes. Therefore, to investigate effect on success, we measured conducted vitro fertilizations paired Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha representing two alternative reproductive tactics, jacks (small sneaker males) hooknoses (large guarding males), presence river water alone mixed water. To determine genetic differences genotyped fish at neutral (microsatellites) functional [major histocompatibility complex MHC II ß1] markers. We found that when were competed water, sired significantly more offspring than hooknoses; however, , there was no difference paternity between tactics. Sperm correlated success but not fluid. Paternity alone, relatedness female, where less related attained greater paternity. relationship ß1 divergence mates or . Our results indicate influence competition salmon, provides both tactics opportunities, which may part explain what maintains nature.

Язык: Английский

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Fitness consequences of artificial selection on relative male genital size

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Май 18, 2016

Abstract Male genitalia often show remarkable differences among related species in size, shape and complexity. Across poeciliid fishes, the elongated fin (gonopodium) that males use to inseminate females ranges from 18 53% of body length. Relative genital size therefore varies greatly species. In contrast, there is tight within-species allometric scaling, which suggests strong selection against genital–body combinations deviate a species’ natural line allometry. We tested this constraint by artificially selecting on intercept, creating lines with relatively longer or shorter gonopodia than occur naturally for given mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki . relative length heritable diverged 7.6–8.9% between our up-selected down-selected lines, correlated changes shape. However, deviation allometry does not affect male success assays attractiveness, swimming performance and, crucially, reproductive (paternity).

Язык: Английский

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Predictable adaptive trajectories of sexual coloration in the wild: Evidence from replicate experimental guppy populations*

Evolution, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 72(11), С. 2462 - 2477

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2018

The question of whether populations evolve predictably and consistently under similar selective regimes is fundamental to understanding how adaptation proceeds in the wild. We address this with a replicated evolution experiment focused upon male sexual coloration guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Fish were transplanted from single high predation population Guanapo River four replicate, guppy-free low headwater streams. Two streams had their canopies thinned adjust setting which displayed perceived. assessed evolutionary divergence using second-generation lab-bred offspring fish sampled six years following translocation. A prior same design, performed an adjacent drainage, resulted more extensive orange, black, iridescent markings. however found evidence for expansion only structural (iridescent blue/green), no change reduction black. This response amplifies earlier findings fish, revealing that trajectories color elaboration differ among drainages. also phenotypes evolved greatly at thinned-canopy sites. Our support predictability trait wild, underscore importance signaling conditions ornamental starting points shaping adaptive trajectories.

Язык: Английский

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Are sexually selected traits affected by a poor environment early in life?

BMC Evolutionary Biology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2016

Challenging conditions experienced early in life, such as a restricted diet, can detrimentally affect key life-history traits. Individuals reduce these costs by delaying their sexual maturation, albeit at the price of later onset breeding, to eventually reach same adult size individuals that grow up benevolent environment. Delayed maturation can, however, still lead other detrimental morphological and physiological changes become apparent adulthood (e.g. shorter lifespan, faster senescence). In general, research focuses on naturally selected poor diet. mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), males with limited food intake life delay similar body well-fed counterparts ('catch-up growth'). Here we tested whether diet is costly due reduced expression sexually male characters, namely genital ejaculate traits.We found male's significantly influenced his sperm reserves replenishment rate. Shortly after had lower slower rates than control males, but this dietary difference was no longer detectable older males.Although well fed juveniles ameliorate some start our findings suggest might arise because selection against males. It should be noted, observed effects are modest (Hedges' g = 0.20-0.36), assumption production translates into decline fitness under competition remains unconfirmed.

Язык: Английский

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Correlated evolution between targets of pre‐ and postcopulatory sexual selection across squamate reptiles

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 6(18), С. 6452 - 6459

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2016

Sexual selection reflects the joint contributions of precopulatory selection, which arises from variance in mating success, and postcopulatory fertilization success. The relative importance each episode is variable among species, comparative evidence suggests that traits targeted by often covary expression with those when assessed across although strength direction this association varies considerably taxa. We tested for correlated evolution between targets pre- using data on sexual size dimorphism (SSD) testis 151 species squamate reptiles (120 lizards, 31 snakes). In squamates, male-male competition opportunities favors large body size, such degree male-biased SSD associated intensity selection. Likewise, increased sperm production, (relative to size) Using both conventional phylogenetically based analyses, we show consistently decreases as increases lizards snakes. This evolutionary pattern strong may constrain opportunity selective determine optimal resolution energy allocation trade-offs subject form

Язык: Английский

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Experimental evidence for sexual selection against inbred males

Journal of Animal Ecology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 86(2), С. 394 - 404

Опубликована: Дек. 15, 2016

The detrimental effects of matings between relatives are well known. However, few studies determine the extent to which inbreeding depression in males is due natural or sexual selection. Importantly, measuring fitness key components, rather than phenotypic traits allows more accurate estimation depression. We investigate how differences and juvenile diet (i.e. early stressful environment) influence a component male fitness, namely their reproductive success. experimentally created inbred outbred mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) by mating full-sibs (f = 0·25). show that this led 23% reduction genome-wide heterozygosity based on SNPs. Males were raised different diets life create high-stress low-stress rearing environments. then allowed adult compete freely for females test if inbreeding, interaction affect male's share paternity. Early had no effect paternity, but sired almost twice as many offspring (n 628 from 122 potential sires). Using artificial insemination methods we determined was unlikely be embryo mortality eggs fertilised males: there evidence status affects realised fecundity 288). Given difference our competitive experiment, lower success can most parsimoniously attributed negatively affecting sexually selected and/or sperm competitiveness. discuss might involved.

Язык: Английский

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