Shifting the limits in wheat research and breeding using a fully annotated reference genome

Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 361(6403)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2018

Insights from the annotated wheat genome Wheat is one of major sources food for much world. However, because bread wheat's a large hybrid mix three separate subgenomes, it has been difficult to produce high-quality reference sequence. Using recent advances in sequencing, International Genome Sequencing Consortium presents an with detailed analysis gene content among subgenomes and structural organization all chromosomes. Examples quantitative trait mapping CRISPR-based modification show potential using this agricultural research breeding. Ramírez-González et al. exploited fruits endeavor identify tissue-specific biased expression coexpression networks during development exposure stress. These resources will accelerate our understanding genetic basis wheat. Science , issue p. eaar7191 ; see also eaar6089

Язык: Английский

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Penaeid shrimp genome provides insights into benthic adaptation and frequent molting

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2019

Crustacea, the subphylum of Arthropoda which dominates aquatic environment, is major importance in ecology and fisheries. Here we report genome sequence Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, covering ~1.66 Gb (scaffold N50 605.56 Kb) with 25,596 protein-coding genes a high proportion simple repeats (>23.93%). The expansion related to vision locomotion probably central its benthic adaptation. Frequent molting may be explained by an intensified ecdysone signal pathway through gene positive selection. As important aquaculture organism, L. vannamei has been subjected selection pressure during past 30 years breeding, this had considerable impact on genome. Decoding not only provides insight into genetic underpinnings specific biological processes, but also valuable information for enhancing crustacean aquaculture.

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing the rate of genetic gain in public-sector plant breeding programs: lessons from the breeder’s equation

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 132(3), С. 627 - 645

Опубликована: Март 1, 2019

The integration of new technologies into public plant breeding programs can make a powerful step change in agricultural productivity when aligned with principles quantitative and Mendelian genetics. breeder's equation is the foundational application genetics to crop improvement. Guided by variables that describe response selection, emerging effectiveness programs. most promising innovations for increasing rate genetic gain without greatly program size appear be related reducing cycle time, which likely require implementation parent selection on non-inbred progeny, rapid generation advance, genomic selection. These are complex processes will organizations adopt culture continuous optimization To enable this, research managers need consider proactively manage the, accountability, strategy, resource allocations teams. This must combined thoughtful management elite variation clear separation between parental process product development advancement process. With an abundance available, teams evaluate carefully impact any technology intensity, accuracy, length relative its cost deployment. Finally data systems well designed support decisions novel approaches accelerate cycles routinely evaluated deployed.

Язык: Английский

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Predicting Polygenic Risk of Psychiatric Disorders

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 86(2), С. 97 - 109

Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Accelerating crop genetic gains with genomic selection

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 132(3), С. 669 - 686

Опубликована: Дек. 19, 2018

Язык: Английский

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On the Road to Breeding 4.0: Unraveling the Good, the Bad, and the Boring of Crop Quantitative Genomics

Annual Review of Genetics, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 52(1), С. 421 - 444

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2018

Understanding the quantitative genetics of crops has been and will continue to be central maintaining improving global food security. We outline four stages that plant breeding either already achieved or probably soon achieve. Top-of-the-line programs are currently in Breeding 3.0, where inexpensive, genome-wide data coupled with powerful algorithms allow us start on predicted instead measured phenotypes. focus three major questions must answered move from current 3.0 practices 4.0: ( a) How do we adapt better fit agricultural environments? b) What is nature diversity upon which can act? c) deal deleterious variants? Answering these then translating them actual gains for farmers a significant part achieving security twenty-first century.

Язык: Английский

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Revolutions in agriculture chart a course for targeted breeding of old and new crops

Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 366(6466)

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2019

Growing more and better food Increasing human populations demand productive agriculture, which in turn relies on crop plants adjusted for high-yield systems. Eshed Lippman review how genetic tuning of the signaling systems that regulate flowering plant architecture can be applied to crops. Crops flower sooner might adaptable regions with shorter growing seasons, compact shapes facilitate agricultural management. The universality these hormone facilitates application a range crops, from orphan teff well-known wheat. Science , this issue p. eaax0025

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing Genetic Gain through Genomic Selection: From Livestock to Plants

Plant Communications, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 1(1), С. 100005 - 100005

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2019

Although long-term genetic gain has been achieved through increasing use of modern breeding methods and technologies, the rate needs to be accelerated meet humanity's demand for agricultural products. In this regard, genomic selection (GS) considered most promising improvement complex traits controlled by many genes each with minor effects. Livestock scientists pioneered GS application largely due livestock's significantly higher individual values greater reduction in generation interval that can GS. Large-scale plants refining field management improve heritability estimation prediction accuracy developing optimum models consideration genotype-by-environment interaction non-additive effects, along significant cost reduction. Moreover, it would more effective integrate other tools platforms accelerating process thereby further enhancing gain. addition, establishing an open-source network transdisciplinary approaches essential efficiency small- medium-sized enterprises research systems countries. New strategies centered on need developed.

Язык: Английский

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CRISPR technology is revolutionizing the improvement of tomato and other fruit crops

Horticulture Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2019

Fruits are major sources of essential nutrients and serve as staple foods in some areas the world. The increasing human population changes climate experienced worldwide make it urgent to production fruit crops with high yield enhanced adaptation environment, for which conventional breeding is unlikely meet demand. Fortunately, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technology paves way toward a new horizon crop improvement consequently revolutionizes plant breeding. In this review, mechanism optimization CRISPR system its application crops, including resistance biotic abiotic stresses, quality improvement, domestication highlighted. Controversies future perspectives discussed well.

Язык: Английский

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LightGBM: accelerated genomically designed crop breeding through ensemble learning

Genome biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2021

LightGBM is an ensemble model of decision trees for classification and regression prediction. We demonstrate its utility in genomic selection-assisted breeding with a large dataset inbred hybrid maize lines. exhibits superior performance terms prediction precision, stability, computing efficiency through series benchmark tests. also assess the factors that are essential to ensure best selection by taking complex scenarios crop into account. has been implemented as toolbox, CropGBM, encompassing multiple novel functions analytical modules facilitate genomically designed crops.

Язык: Английский

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