Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2016,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Май 26, 2016
The
Brownian
motion
of
molecules
at
thermal
equilibrium
usually
has
a
finite
correlation
time
and
will
eventually
be
randomized
after
long
delay
time,
so
that
their
displacement
follows
the
Gaussian
statistics.
This
is
true
even
when
have
experienced
complex
environment
with
time.
Here,
we
report
lateral
acetylcholine
receptors
on
live
muscle
cell
membranes
does
not
follow
statistics
for
normal
diffusion.
From
careful
analysis
large
volume
protein
trajectories
obtained
over
wide
range
sampling
rates
durations,
find
normalized
histogram
displacements
shows
an
exponential
tail,
which
robust
universal
cells
under
different
conditions.
experiment
indicates
observed
non-Gaussian
dynamic
heterogeneity
are
inherently
linked
to
slow-active
remodelling
underlying
cortical
actin
network.
Journal of Statistical Mechanics Theory and Experiment,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
2017(5), С. 054002 - 054002
Опубликована: Май 22, 2017
The
study
of
systems
with
sustained
energy
uptake
and
dissipation
at
the
scale
constituent
particles
is
an
area
central
interest
in
nonequilibrium
statistical
physics.
Identifying
such
as
a
distinct
category—Active
matter—unifies
our
understanding
autonomous
collective
movement
living
world
some
surprising
inanimate
imitations.
In
this
article
I
present
active
matter
framework,
briefly
recall
early
work,
review
recent
results
on
single-particle
behaviour,
including
experiments
granular
monolayers,
discuss
new
directions
for
future.
Reports on Progress in Physics,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
81(6), С. 066601 - 066601
Опубликована: Март 5, 2018
Living
systems
operate
far
from
thermodynamic
equilibrium.
Enzymatic
activity
can
induce
broken
detailed
balance
at
the
molecular
scale.
This
scale
breaking
of
is
crucial
to
achieve
biological
functions
such
as
high-fidelity
transcription
and
translation,
sensing,
adaptation,
biochemical
patterning,
force
generation.
While
motor
enzymes
violate
scale,
it
remains
unclear
how
non-equilibrium
dynamics
manifests
mesoscale
in
that
are
driven
through
collective
many
motors.
Indeed,
several
cellular
presence
not
always
evident
large
scales.
For
example,
cytoskeleton
or
chromosomes
one
observe
stationary
stochastic
processes
appear
first
glance
thermally
driven.
raises
question
fluctuations
be
discerned
thermal
noise.
We
discuss
approaches
have
recently
been
developed
address
this
question,
including
methods
based
on
measuring
extent
which
system
violates
fluctuation-dissipation
theorem.
also
review
applications
approach
reconstituted
cytoskeletal
networks,
cytoplasm
living
cells,
cell
membranes.
Furthermore,
we
a
more
recent
detect
actively
dynamics,
inferring
balance.
constitutes
non-invasive
method
uses
time-lapse
microscopy
data,
applied
broad
range
cells
tissue.
ideas
underlying
its
application
examples
flagella,
primary
cilia,
networks.
Finally,
briefly
developments
thermodynamics
statistical
mechanics,
offer
new
perspectives
understand
physics
systems.
Reports on Progress in Physics,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
81(7), С. 076601 - 076601
Опубликована: Март 15, 2018
We
review
the
general
hydrodynamic
theory
of
active
soft
materials
that
is
motivated
in
particular
by
biological
matter.
present
basic
concepts
irreversible
thermodynamics
spatially
extended
multicomponent
systems.
Starting
from
rate
entropy
production,
we
identify
conjugate
thermodynamic
fluxes
and
forces
generic
constitutive
equations
polar
fluids
gels.
also
discuss
angular
momentum
conservation
which
plays
a
role
physics
chiral
The
gels
provides
framework
to
underlies
wide
variety
processes
cells
multicellular
tissues.
Reports on Progress in Physics,
Год журнала:
2019,
Номер
82(6), С. 064602 - 064602
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2019
The
minimal
structural
unit
of
a
solid
tumor
is
single
cell
or
cellular
compartment
such
as
the
nucleus.
A
closer
look
inside
cells
reveals
that
there
are
functional
compartments
even
domains
determining
overall
properties
mechanical
phenotype.
interaction
these
living
leads
to
complex
organization
compartments,
tissues
and
organs
organisms
including
mammals.
In
contrast
passive
non-living
materials,
actively
respond
perturbations
occurring
in
their
microenvironment
during
diseases
fibrosis
cancer.
transformation
cancer
highly
aggressive
hence
malignant
progression
encompasses
basement
membrane
crossing,
invasion
connective
tissue,
stroma
microenvironments
transbarrier
migration,
which
all
require
immediate
invasive
with
surrounding
extracellular
matrix
environment
normal
embedded
neighboring
cells.
All
steps
metastatic
pathway
seem
involve
interactions
between
microenvironment.
Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(1), С. 143 - 170
Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2021
Active
fluids
exhibit
spontaneous
flows
with
complex
spatiotemporal
structure,
which
have
been
observed
in
bacterial
suspensions,
sperm
cells,
cytoskeletal
self-propelled
colloids,
and
cell
tissues.
Despite
occurring
the
absence
of
inertia,
chaotic
active
are
reminiscent
inertial
turbulence,
hence
they
known
as
turbulence.
Here,
we
survey
field,
providing
a
unified
perspective
over
different
classes
To
this
end,
divide
our
review
sections
for
systems
either
polar
or
nematic
order,
without
momentum
conservation
(wet/dry).
Comparing
to
highlight
emergence
power-law
scaling
universal
non-universal
exponents.
We
also
contrast
scenarios
transition
from
steady
flows,
discuss
energy
cascades.
link
feature
both
existence
intrinsic
length
scales
self-organized
nature
injection
fundamental
differences
close
by
outlining
emerging
picture,
remaining
challenges,
future
directions.
Reports on Progress in Physics,
Год журнала:
2017,
Номер
80(7), С. 076601 - 076601
Опубликована: Март 10, 2017
Cells
have
traditionally
been
viewed
either
as
independently
moving
entities
or
somewhat
static
parts
of
tissues.
However,
it
is
now
clear
that
in
many
cases,
multiple
cells
coordinate
their
motions
and
move
collective
entities.
Well-studied
examples
comprise
development
events,
well
physiological
pathological
situations.
Different
ex
vivo
model
systems
also
investigated.
Several
recent
advances
taken
place
at
the
interface
between
biology
physics,
benefitted
from
progress
imaging
microscopy,
use
microfabrication
techniques,
introduction
quantitative
tools
models.
We
review
these
interesting
developments
cell
provide
rich
out-of-equilibrium
motion.
Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
10(1), С. 171 - 192
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2018
For
a
large
class
of
nonequilibrium
systems,
thermodynamic
notions
like
work,
heat,
and,
in
particular,
entropy
production
can
be
identified
on
the
level
fluctuating
dynamical
trajectories.
Within
stochastic
thermodynamics
various
fluctuation
theorems
relating
these
quantities
have
been
proven.
Their
application
to
experimental
systems
requires
that
all
relevant
mesostates
are
accessible.
Recent
advances
address
typical
situation
only
partial,
or
coarse-grained,
information
about
system
is
available.
Thermodynamic
inference
as
general
strategy
uses
consistency
constraints
derived
from
infer
otherwise
hidden
properties
systems.
An
important
this
respect
active
particles,
for
which
we
resolve
conflicting
strategies
proposed
identify
production.
As
paradigm
inference,
uncertainty
relation
provides
lower
bound
through
measurements
dispersion
any
current
system.
Likewise,
it
quantifies
cost
precision
biomolecular
processes.
Generalizations
and
ramifications
allow
of,
inter
alia,
model-free
upper
bounds
efficiency
molecular
motors
minimal
number
intermediate
states
enzymatic
networks.