Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 23(5), С. 1382 - 1414

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2016

Язык: Английский

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Wise interventions: Psychological remedies for social and personal problems.

Psychological Review, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 125(5), С. 617 - 655

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2018

Long-standing social problems such as poor achievement, personal and intergroup conflict, bad health, unhappiness can seem like permanent features of the landscape. We describe an approach to rooted in basic theory research psychology. This emphasizes subjective meaning-making-working hypotheses people draw about themselves, other people, situations; how deleterious meanings arise from cultural contexts; interventions change help flourish; initial become embedded alter course people's lives. further this relates complements prominent approaches reform, which emphasize not meaning-making but objective situations or habits skills individuals. In so doing, we provide a comprehensive theoretical review organization psychologically informed problems, one that encompasses wide-range applies diverse problem areas. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Язык: Английский

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Explicit and implicit emotion regulation: a multi-level framework

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 12(10), С. 1545 - 1557

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2017

The ability to adaptively regulate emotion is essential for mental and physical well-being. How should we organize the myriad ways people attempt their emotions? We explore utility of a framework that distinguishes among four fundamental classes regulation strategies. describes each strategy class in terms behavioral characteristics, underlying psychological processes supporting neural systems. A key feature this multi-level its conceptualization two orthogonal dimensions describe (i) nature goal (ranging from implicit explicit) (ii) change process more automatic controlled). After describing core elements framework, use it review human animal research on bases suggest directions future regulation.

Язык: Английский

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Implications of Placebo and Nocebo Effects for Clinical Practice: Expert Consensus

Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 87(4), С. 204 - 210

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2018

Placebo and nocebo effects occur in clinical or laboratory medical contexts after administration of an inert treatment as part active treatments are due to psychobiological mechanisms such expectancies the patient. studies have evolved from predominantly methodological research into a far-reaching interdisciplinary field that is unravelling neurobiological, behavioural underpinnings these phenomena broad variety conditions. As consequence, there increasing demand health professionals develop expert recommendations about evidence-based ethical use placebo for practice.A survey meeting by invitation was organized 1st Society Interdisciplinary Studies (SIPS) conference 2017. Twenty-nine internationally recognized researchers participated.There consensus maximizing minimizing should lead better outcomes with fewer side effects. Experts particularly agreed on importance informing patients training patient-clinician communication maximize minimize effects.The current paper forms first step towards developing implications practice, based state evidence experts. Future might focus how implement recommendations, including optimize conditions educating providing implementation practice.

Язык: Английский

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Prefrontal cortex and depression

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 47(1), С. 225 - 246

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Open-label placebo treatment in chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial

Pain, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 157(12), С. 2766 - 2772

Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2016

This randomized controlled trial was performed to investigate whether placebo effects in chronic low back pain could be harnessed ethically by adding open-label (OLP) treatment as usual (TAU) for 3 weeks. Pain severity assessed on three 0- 10-point Numeric Rating Scales, scoring maximum pain, minimum and a composite, primary outcome, total score. Our other outcome back-related dysfunction, the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire. In an exploratory follow-up, participants TAU received pills additional We 97 adults reporting persistent more than months' duration diagnosed board-certified specialist. Eighty-three completed trial. Compared TAU, OLP elicited greater reduction each of Scales composite scale (P < 0.001), with moderate large effect sizes. 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1.0-2.0) group 0.2 (-0.3 0.8) group. Open-label also reduced disability compared size. Improvement scores 2.9 (1.7-4.0) 0.0 (-1.1 1.2) After being switched OLP, showed significant reductions both (1.5, 0.8-2.3) (3.4, 2.2-4.5). findings suggest that presented positive context may helpful pain.

Язык: Английский

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Mindfulness Meditation-Based Pain Relief Employs Different Neural Mechanisms Than Placebo and Sham Mindfulness Meditation-Induced Analgesia

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 35(46), С. 15307 - 15325

Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2015

Mindfulness meditation reduces pain in experimental and clinical settings. However, it remains unknown whether mindfulness engages pain-relieving mechanisms other than those associated with the placebo effect (e.g., conditioning, psychosocial context, beliefs). To determine analgesic of are different from placebo, we randomly assigned 75 healthy, human volunteers to 4 d following: (1) meditation, (2) (3) sham or (4) book-listening control intervention. We assessed intervention efficacy using psychophysical evaluation functional neuroimaging. Importantly, all cognitive manipulations (i.e., meditation) significantly attenuated intensity unpleasantness ratings when compared rest condition (p < 0.05). reduced = 0.032) 0.001) more analgesia. also 0.030) 0.043) meditation. Mindfulness-meditation-related relief was greater activation brain regions modulation pain, including orbitofrontal, subgenual anterior cingulate, insular cortex. In contrast, analgesia dorsolateral prefrontal cortex deactivation sensory processing (secondary somatosensory cortex). Sham meditation-induced not correlated significant neural activity, but rather by reductions respiration rate. This study is first demonstrate that mindfulness-related mechanistically distinct The elucidation this distinction confirms existence multiple, cognitively driven, supraspinal for modulation.Recent findings have demonstrated pain. Given "gold standard" evaluating behavioral interventions based on appropriate comparisons, imperative establish there an supporting meditation-related above beyond effects placebo. Here, provide novel evidence demonstrating produces employs cream Specifically, activated higher-order regions, orbitofrontal cingulate cortices. decreased pain-related activation. These through unique may foster acceptance as adjunct therapy.

Язык: Английский

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A Brainstem-Spinal Cord Inhibitory Circuit for Mechanical Pain Modulation by GABA and Enkephalins

Neuron, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 93(4), С. 822 - 839.e6

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Clinical relevance of contextual factors as triggers of placebo and nocebo effects in musculoskeletal pain

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2018

Placebo and nocebo effects are embodied psycho-neurobiological responses capable of modulating pain producing changes at different neurobiological, body perceptual cognitive levels. These modifications triggered by contextual factors (CFs) presented in the therapeutic encounter between patient healthcare providers, such as healing rituals signs. The CFs directly impact on quality outcome: a positive context, that is context characterized presence CFs, can reduce placebo effects, while negative aggravate creating effects. Despite increasing interest about this topic; detailed study triggers still lacked management musculoskeletal pain.Increasing evidence suggest relevant role management. complex sets internal, external or relational elements encompassing: patient's expectation, history, baseline characteristics; clinician's behavior, belief, verbal suggestions touch; encounter, patient-centered approach social learning; overt therapy, posology intervention, modality treatment administration; marketing features health care setting. Different explanatory models classical conditioning expectancy explain how trigger act through specific neural networks neurotransmitters were described mediators effects.Available findings clinical CFs. They should be integrated reasoning to increase number solutions, boosts their efficacy improve decision-making. From perspective, mindful manipulation represents useful opportunity enrich well-established therapy setting within ethical border. translational there strong need research studies close routine real-world practice order underline uncertainty action help clinicians implement knowledge daily practice.

Язык: Английский

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Network Mechanisms of Clinical Response to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 83(3), С. 263 - 272

Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2017

Язык: Английский

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