Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Май 26, 2021
The
diverse
and
dynamic
microbial
community
of
the
human
gastrointestinal
tract
plays
a
vital
role
in
health,
with
gut
microbiota
supporting
development
function
immune
barrier.
Crosstalk
between
microbiota-gut
epithelium
system
determine
individual
health
status,
any
crosstalk
disturbance
may
lead
to
chronic
intestinal
conditions,
such
as
inflammatory
bowel
diseases
(IBD)
celiac
disease.
Microbiota-derived
metabolites
are
crucial
mediators
host-microbial
interactions.
Some
beneficially
affect
host
physiology
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
secondary
bile
acids.
Also,
tryptophan
catabolites
responses,
through
binding
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor
(AhR).
AhR
is
abundantly
present
at
mucosal
surfaces
when
activated
enhances
epithelial
barrier
well
regulatory
responses.
Exogenous
diet-derived
indoles
(tryptophan)
major
source
endogenous
ligand
precursors
together
SCFAs
regulate
inflammation
by
lowering
stress
immunity,
IBD,
expression
downregulated
metabolites.
Here,
we
an
overview
microbiota-epithelium-
immunity
review
how
microbial-derived
contribute
homeostasis.
discuss
therapeutic
potential
bacterial
for
IBD
disease
essential
dietary
components
fibers
systemic
Animal nutrition,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
8, С. 350 - 360
Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2021
Gut
inflammation
is
a
challenging
concern
in
humans
and
animals,
which
disturbs
normal
growth
leads
to
severe
bowel
diseases.
Short
chain
fatty
acids
(SCFA)
are
the
gut
microbiota
metabolites
produced
from
fermentation
of
non-digestible
carbohydrates,
have
been
reported
modulate
inflammation.
SCFA
implicated
as
potential
therapeutic
bioactive
molecules
for
inflammatory
diseases,
could
be
an
alternative
antibiotic
promoters
(AGP).
In
this
review,
existing
knowledge
about
types
SCFA,
related
microbes
producing
roles
maintaining
homeostasis,
how
summarized.
The
application
treatment
disease
(IBD)
also
highlighted.
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
21(10)
Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2021
Abstract
Purpose
of
Review
The
incidence
allergies
is
increasing
and
has
been
associated
with
several
environmental
factors
including
westernized
diets.
Changes
in
environment
nutrition
can
result
dysbiosis
the
skin,
gut,
lung
microbiota
altering
production
microbial
metabolites,
which
may
turn
generate
epigenetic
modifications.
present
review
addresses
studies
on
pectin-mediated
effects
allergies,
immune
modulating
mechanisms
by
bacterial
metabolites.
Recent
Findings
Recently,
have
gained
attention
as
target
for
allergy
intervention,
especially
prebiotics,
that
are
able
to
stimulate
growth
activity
certain
microorganisms.
Dietary
fibers,
cannot
be
digested
gastrointestinal
tract,
alter
gut
lead
increased
local
systemic
concentrations
-
derived
short
chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs).
These
promote
generation
peripheral
regulatory
T
cells
(T
reg
)
modulation
suppress
inflammatory
function
dendritic
(DCs)
transcriptional
modulation.
dietary
fiber
pectin
(a
plant-derived
polysaccharide
commonly
used
gelling
agent
supplement)
ratio
Firmicutes
Bacteroidetes
microbiota,
SCFAs
feces
sera,
reducing
development
airway
inflammation
suppressing
DC
function.
Summary
Pectin
shown
immunomodulatory
although
underlying
still
need
elucidated.
It
suggested
different
types
exert
direct
and/or
indirect
through
mechanisms.
However,
little
known
about
relation
structures
allergies.
Applied Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
11(14), С. 6596 - 6596
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2021
Currently,
pectins
are
widely
used
in
the
cosmetic,
pharmaceutical,
and
food
industries,
mainly
as
texturizing,
emulsifying,
stabilizing,
gelling
agents.
Pectins
polysaccharides
composed
of
a
large
linear
segment
α-(1,4)
linked
d-galactopyranosyluronic
acids
interrupted
by
β-(1,2)-linked
l-rhamnoses
ramified
short
chains
neutral
hexoses
pentoses.
The
characteristics
applications
strongly
influenced
their
structures
depending
on
plant
species
tissues
but
also
extraction
methods.
aim
this
review
is
therefore
to
highlight
various
methods
extract
them,
including
conventional
ones
microwave
heating,
ultrasonic
treatment,
dielectric
barrier
discharge
techniques,
assessing
physico-chemical
parameters
which
have
significant
effects
pectin
techno-functional
bioactive
The
human
gastrointestinal
tract
is
home
to
trillions
of
microbes.
Gut
microbial
communities
have
a
significant
regulatory
role
in
the
intestinal
physiology,
such
as
gut
motility.
Microbial
effect
on
motility
often
evoked
by
bioactive
molecules
from
various
sources,
including
break
down
carbohydrates,
fibers
or
proteins.
In
turn,
regulates
colonization
within
ecosystem.
However,
underlying
mechanisms
regulation
remain
obscure.
Deciphering
inter-regulatory
microbiota
and
bowel
function
crucial
for
prevention
treatment
dysmotility,
comorbidity
associated
with
many
diseases.
this
review,
we
present
an
overview
current
knowledge
impact
its
products
We
discuss
currently
available
techniques
employed
assess
changes
Further,
highlight
open
challenges,
incorporate
biophysical
elements
microbes-motility
interplay,
attempt
lay
foundation
describing
long-term
impacts
metabolite-induced
Carbohydrate Polymers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
326, С. 121633 - 121633
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023
Polysaccharides
are
among
the
most
abundant
bioresources
on
earth
and
consequently
need
to
play
a
pivotal
role
when
addressing
existential
scientific
challenges
like
climate
change
shift
from
fossil-based
sustainable
biobased
materials.
The
Research
Roadmap
2040
of
European
Polysaccharide
Network
Excellence
(EPNOE)
provides
an
expert's
view
how
future
research
development
strategies
evolve
fully
exploit
vast
potential
polysaccharides
as
renewable
bioresources.
It
is
addressed
academic
researchers,
companies,
well
policymakers
covers
five
strategic
areas
that
great
importance
in
context
polysaccharide
related
research:
(I)
Materials
&
Engineering,
(II)
Food
Nutrition,
(III)
Biomedical
Applications,
(IV)
Chemistry,
Biology
Physics,
(V)
Skills
Education.
Each
section
summarizes
state
research,
identifies
currently
faced,
project
achievements
developments
expected
upcoming
20
years,
finally
outlines
activities
evolve.
