STAR Protocols, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(4), С. 103407 - 103407
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
Язык: Английский
Journal of Anesthesia and Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 3(3), С. 65 - 75
Опубликована: Июль 11, 2024
Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, is widely utilized in both human and veterinary anesthesia. Its (S)-enantiomer, esketamine, similarly employed for anesthesia analgesia. The anesthetic effects of ketamine esketamine arise from their antagonism the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). In field psychiatry, rapid-acting antidepressant properties severe depression have generated significant interest, resulting its increased off-label usage United States (U.S.). 2019, nasal spray received approval use U.S. Europe. However, concerns emerged regarding potential adverse effects, including long-term efficacy, addiction risks, suicide risk clinical settings. contrast, arketamine, (R)-enantiomer ketamine, exhibits superior longer-lasting rodent models depression, with fewer side compared to esketamine. Nevertheless, research on efficacy safety arketamine patients remains limited. This article provides concise exploration historical two enantiomers while also delving into future directions application these fields.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(12), С. 6804 - 6804
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024
NMDA receptor antagonists have potential for therapeutics in neurological and psychiatric diseases, including neurodegenerative epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, substance abuse disorder (SUD), major depressive (MDD). (S)-ketamine was the first of a novel class antidepressants, rapid-acting to be approved medical use. The stereoisomer, (R)-ketamine (arketamine), is currently under development treatment-resistant depression (TRD). compound has demonstrated efficacy multiple animal models. Two clinical studies disclosed TRD bipolar depression. A study by drug sponsor recently failed reach priori endpoints but post hoc analysis revealed efficacy. value supported experimental data humans rodents, showing that it less sedating, does not produce marked psychotomimetic or dissociative effects, than (S)-ketamine, produces models range disorders. mechanisms action antidepressant effects are hypothesized due antagonism and/or non-NMDA mechanisms. We suggest further experimentation with will create improved medicines some disorders underserved current medications.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10
Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15
Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024
( R , S )- and )-ketamine have made significant progress in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) become a research focus recent years. However, they both risks psychomimetic effects, dissociative abuse liability, which limit their clinical use. Recent preclinical studies shown that has more efficient lasting antidepressant effect with fewer side effects compared to )-ketamine. small-sample randomized controlled trial found although lower incidence adverse reactions adult TRD treatment, its efficacy is not superior placebo group, indicating advantage still needs further verification clarification. Moreover, an increasing body suggests might also applications prevention medical fields or diseases such as cognitive disorders, perioperative anesthesia, ischemic stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, substance use inflammatory diseases, COVID-19, organophosphate poisoning. This article briefly reviews mechanism action on antidepressants related )-ketamine, fully revealing application potential development prospects, providing some references assistance for subsequent expanded research.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Neuropharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 271, С. 110404 - 110404
Опубликована: Март 4, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Research in Gerontological Nursing, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 13
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Purpose To investigate the association between cognition, social engagement, physical well-being, and emotional well-being in a diverse older population. Method A secondary data analysis was conducted using factor score structural equation model multiethnic sample of African American, Afro-Caribbean, Hispanic European American participants. Results Statistically significant (direct effects) latent constructs engagement were found. Model invariance testing suggests partial with differences life space, depression, anxiety across racial/ethnic groups. As mediator, significantly diminished effects (i.e., depression) increased (Life Space Assessment SF-36 Physical Component Summary: β = −0.07, standard error [SE] 0.14, p 0.045, −0.15, SE 0.040, respectively) on cognition. Conclusion suggest good fit critical role for its impact [ Research Gerontological Nursing, xx (x), xx–xx.]
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 111335 - 111335
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Stress is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders and affects neuroplasticity in brain areas like the nucleus accumbens core (NAcC) insular cortex (IC). This study examined changes aIC-NAcC circuit after restraint stress male female rats, explored role of endocannabinoid system. Male rats underwent 2 h acute stress. Behavioral tests vivo electrophysiological recordings were performed immediately 24 exposure. cFos CB1 receptors immunohistochemistry was Since effects observed only males, we evaluated systemic intra-NAc blockade rats. We found increased c-Fos expression hypothalamus but not IC both sexes stress, along with heightened anxiety reduced exploratory behavior. Males females exhibited different neuronal plasticity pathway. Under basal conditions, males showed equal proportions long-term potentiation (LTP) depression (LTD), whereas predominantly LTP. disrupted synaptic by eliminating LTD pathway effect reversed local receptor blockade. These findings suggest that integration aIC information into NAcC differs sex, stress-induced occurring dependent on provides insight sex differences reactivity, which may relate to stress-related disorders.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 106170 - 106170
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 164, С. 105796 - 105796
Опубликована: Июль 7, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(10), С. 2283 - 2283
Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024
Research over the past years has compared enantiomers (S)-ketamine (esketamine) and (R)-ketamine (arketamine) of previously known racemic mixture called ketamine (R/S-ketamine). Esketamine been found to be more potent, offering three times stronger analgesic effects 1.5 greater anesthetic efficacy than arketamine. It provides smoother anesthesia with fewer side is widely used in clinical settings due its neuroprotective, bronchodilatory, antiepileptic properties. Approved by FDA EMA 2019, esketamine currently alongside SSRIs or SNRIs for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). On other hand, arketamine shown potential treating neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, possible antidepressant anti-inflammatory benefits. While already use, arketamine's future depends on further research address safety, efficacy, optimal dosing. Both hold significant value, excelling anesthesia, showing promise psychiatric treatments.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 242, С. 173824 - 173824
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0