Omics Studies of Specialized Cells and Stem Cells under Microgravity Conditions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(18), С. 10014 - 10014

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2024

The primary objective of omics in space with focus on the human organism is to characterize and quantify biological factors that alter structure, morphology, function, dynamics cells exposed microgravity. This review discusses exciting data regarding genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, metabolomics, proteomics individuals space, as well cultured under simulated NASA Twins Study significantly heightened interest applying technologies bioinformatics terrestrial environments. Here, we present available publications this field a specialized stem real microgravity conditions. We summarize current knowledge following topics: (i) studies cells, (ii) benign different cell types organism, (iii) discussing advantages for commercialization exploration, (iv) summarizing emerging opportunities translational regenerative medicine travelers patients Earth.

Язык: Английский

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Coordination of Focal Adhesion Nanoarchitecture and Dynamics in Mechanosensing for Cardiomyoblast Differentiation

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Focal adhesions (FAs) are force-bearing multiprotein complexes, whose nanoscale organization and signaling essential for cell growth differentiation. However, the specific of FA components to exert spatiotemporal activation proteins force sensing transduction remains unclear. In this study, we unveil intricacies protein nanoarchitecture that its dynamics coordinated by a molecular scaffold protein, BNIP-2, initiate downstream signal cardiomyoblast Within FAs, BNIP-2 regulates nano-organization focal adhesion kinase (FAK), FAK, paxillin, vinculin. Depletion resulted in altered numbers sizes per cell, reduced traction force, decreased sensitivity mechanosensing. At level, loss disrupted FAK-paxillin axis, where FAK inhibition reproduces effects impairing phosphorylation both paxillin. Mechanistically, preferentially binds constitutively active acts as mediate interactions between paxillin We have validated BNIP-2's role axis human embryonic stem cells (hESC). Furthermore, showed depletion changes signature gene targets at cardiac progenitor stage summary, intricate interplay dynamics, governed is crucial biochemical driving

Язык: Английский

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Biomechanical analysis of physical exercise behavior and characteristics of college students within the framework of ecological model

Molecular & cellular biomechanics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(1), С. 423 - 423

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Based on biomechanical measurement techniques, motion capture systems, and other research methods, the model related to physical exercise is comprehensively explored in this paper. From perspective of model, individual factors microscopic system, such as muscle force generation joint movement patterns, family, school, community mesoscopic like influence sports facilities coaching biomechanics, environment, policies macroscopic for example, impact urban planning regulations biomechanics spaces, influencing college students’ behavior are analyzed systematically, detail. The aim identify interconnections between these various gain a deeper understanding characteristics development. Subsequently, corresponding optimization strategies effective training methods promote development scientific healthy habits proposed.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular matrix mechanical cues (dys)regulate metabolic redox homeostasis due to impaired autophagic flux

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2025

Abstract Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness is increasingly recognized as a critical regulator of cellular behavior, governing processes such proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism. Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, impaired autophagy, progressive softening the brain tissue, yet research into how mechanical cues influence metabolism in this context remains scarce. In study, we evaluated long-term effects brain-compliant, soft ECM on bioenergetics, redox balance, autophagic capacity neuronal cells. Using human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) mouse hippocampal (HT22) cell lines, well primary neurons, observed that prolonged exposure to resulted bioenergetic imbalance, disrupted flux. These findings were consistently validated across both Our data indicate decreased maximal cells exposed ECM, potentially due an imbalance autophagosome formation degradation, demonstrated LC3 II levels following chloroquine-induced flux inhibition. This impairment autophagy was coupled with increased further indicating metabolic alterations. emphasize role regulating suggest may mimic key aspects neurodegenerative disease pathology, thereby enhancing physiological relevance vitro models. study underscores necessity for mechanics contributing factor progression potential target therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Piezo1 activation increases the release of therapeutic extracellular vesicles after mechanical stimulation in bioreactors

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Abstract Enhancing protocols and methods for producing therapeutic extracellular vesicles (EVs) in bioreactors is crucial to achieve scalable production while ensuring both quality quantity. Studies have shown that mechanical stress can promote EV release, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here we investigated which are responsible increase of under shear stress. EVs were produced from adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs), also described as mesenchymal (MSCs) support regeneration injured tissues via several paracrine factors. The cultures treated with GsMTx4, an inhibitor blocks Piezo1 ion channels, or YODA1, its agonist, assess if forces pathways involved enhancing release. quantified characterized after high (HS) stimulation compared no (3D) standard (2D). These experiments showed that, by stress, increased this effect was blocked inhibition channels GsMTx4 (88%) impact on cell viability. Consistently, agonist YODA1 (149%). implications these findings significant, especially regenerative medicine cellular therapies, where efficient high-quality crucial. By understanding turbulence-induced natural mechanotransductive within cells, it may be possible optimize EVs, paving way more effective treatments future.

Язык: Английский

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