Viral Communities Contribute More to the Lysis of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria than the Transduction of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Anaerobic Digestion Revealed by Metagenomics

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(5), С. 2346 - 2359

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Ecological role of the viral community on fate antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (reduction vs proliferation) remains unclear in anaerobic digestion (AD). Metagenomics revealed a dominance Siphoviridae and Podoviridae among 13,895 identified operational taxonomic units (vOTUs) within AD, only 21 vOTUs carried ARGs, which accounted for 0.57 ± 0.43% AD resistome. Conversely, ARGs locating plasmids integrative conjugative elements above 61.0%, indicating substantial potential conjugation driving horizontal gene transfer AD. Virus–host prediction based CRISPR spacer, tRNA, homology matches indicated that most viruses (80.2%) could not infect across genera. Among 480 high-quality metagenome assembly genomes, 95 were considered as putative antibiotic-resistant bacteria (pARB). Furthermore, lytic phages 66 pARBs devoid virus/host abundance ratios with an average value 71.7 extensive activity lysis. The infectivity phage was also elucidated through laboratory experiments concerning changes phage-to-host ratio, pH, temperature. Although metagenomic evidence dissemination by transduction found, higher proportion infecting suggested played greater reducing ARB numbers than spreading

Язык: Английский

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Methane-derived carbon flows into host–virus networks at different trophic levels in soil

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 118(32)

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2021

Significance The impact of soil viruses on prokaryotic hosts and their functional processes is largely unknown. While metagenomic sequencing microbial communities enables identification linkages between hosts, this does not necessarily identify contemporary interactions. To enable a detailed analysis active virus–host interactions individual populations, we focused the critical biogeochemical process methane (CH 4 ) oxidation followed transfer carbon from to associated in situ. Analysis 13 C-enriched DNA demonstrated that CH -derived transferred into viral biomass via both primary secondary utilizers suggests predation an important mechanism for releasing organic matrix.

Язык: Английский

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Benzo[a]pyrene stress impacts adaptive strategies and ecological functions of earthworm intestinal viromes

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(7), С. 1004 - 1014

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

The earthworm gut virome influences the structure and function of microbiome, which in turn worm health ecological functions. However, despite its soil quality implications, it remains elusive how intestinal phages respond to different environmental stress, such as pollution. Here we used metagenomics metatranscriptomics investigate interactions between their bacteria under benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) concentrations. Low-level BaP (0.1 mg kg-1) stress stimulated microbial metabolism (1.74-fold control), enhanced antiphage defense system (n = 75) against infection (8 phage-host pairs). exposure resulted highest proportion lysogenic (88%), prophages expressed auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) associated with nutrient transformation (e.g., amino acid metabolism). In contrast, high-level (200 disrupted suppressed systems 29), leading increase phage-bacterium association (37 pairs) conversion lytic (lysogenic ratio declined 43%). Despite fluctuating interactions, phage-encoded AMGs related antioxidant pollutant degradation were enriched, apparently alleviate pollution stress. Overall, these findings expand our knowledge complex pollution-stressed guts, deepen understanding evolutionary roles phages.

Язык: Английский

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Phage Therapy in Germany—Update 2023

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(2), С. 588 - 588

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2023

Bacteriophage therapy holds promise in addressing the antibiotic-resistance crisis, globally and Germany. Here, we provide an overview of current situation (2023) applied phage supporting research The authors, interdisciplinary group working on patient-focused bacteriophage research, addressed production, banks, susceptibility testing, clinical application, ongoing translational regulatory situation, network structure They identified critical shortcomings including lack trials, a paucity appropriate regulation shortage phages for use. Phage is currently being to limited number patients as individual treatment trials. There presently only one site Germany large-scale good-manufacturing-practice (GMP) clinic carrying out permission-free production medicinal products. Several banks exist, but due varying institutional policies, exchange among them limited. projects has remarkably increased recent years, some which are part structured networks. demand expansion capacities with defined quality standards, registry all treated clear therapeutic guidelines. Furthermore, medical field still poorly informed about therapy. status non-approval, however, may also be regarded advantageous, insufficiently restricted use without adequate scientific evidence effectiveness safety must prevented. In close coordination authorities, it seems sensible first allow centers treat following Belgian model. urgent need targeted networking funding, particularly help advance application phages.

Язык: Английский

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Symbiont transmission in marine sponges: reproduction, development, and metamorphosis

BMC Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Май 6, 2022

Abstract Marine sponges (phylum Porifera) form symbioses with diverse microbial communities that can be transmitted between generations through their developmental stages. Here, we integrate embryology and microbiology to review how symbiotic microorganisms are in this early-diverging lineage. We describe vertical transmission is widespread but not universal, microbes vertically during a select window, properties of the microbiome depends on whether species high or low abundance sponge. Reproduction, development, symbiosis thus deeply rooted, why these partnerships remains central elusive tenet symbioses.

Язык: Английский

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Lytic archaeal viruses infect abundant primary producers in Earth’s crust

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2021

Abstract The continental subsurface houses a major portion of life’s abundance and diversity, yet little is known about viruses infecting microbes that reside there. Here, we use combination metagenomics virus-targeted direct-geneFISH (virusFISH) to show highly abundant carbon-fixing organisms the uncultivated genus Candidatus Altiarchaeum are frequent targets previously unrecognized in deep subsurface. Analysis CRISPR spacer matches display resistances Ca . Altiarchaea against eight predicted viral clades, which genomic relatedness across continents but similarity identified viruses. Based on metagenomic information, tag image putatively genome rich protospacers using fluorescence microscopy. VirusFISH reveals lytic lifestyle respective virus challenges previous predictions lysogeny prevails as dominant development over time imaging 18 samples from one ecosystem suggest sophisticated interplay diversification adapting CRISPR-mediated Altiarchaeum. We conclude infections primary producers with followed by cell lysis potentially jump-start heterotrophic carbon cycling these ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

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How It All Begins: Bacterial Factors Mediating the Colonization of Invertebrate Hosts by Beneficial Symbionts

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 86(4)

Опубликована: Окт. 27, 2022

Beneficial associations with bacteria are widespread across animals, spanning a range of symbiont localizations, transmission routes, and functions. While some these have evolved into obligate relationships permanent localization within the host, majority require colonization every host generation from environment or via maternal provisions.

Язык: Английский

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Glyphosate and spinetoram alter viral communities with different effects on antibiotic resistance genes in the bumblebee gut

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 374, С. 124079 - 124079

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Unraveling phase-dependent variations of viral community, virus-host linkage, and functional potential during manure composting process

Bioresource Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 419, С. 132081 - 132081

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Response of Soil Phage Communities and Prokaryote–Phage Interactions to Long-Term Drought

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

Soil moisture is a fundamental factor affecting terrestrial ecosystem functions. In this study, microscopic enumeration and joint metaviromic metagenomic sequencing were employed together to investigate the impact of prolonged drought on soil phage communities their interactions with prokaryotes in subtropical evergreen forest. Our findings revealed marked reduction abundances prokaryotic viral-like particles, by 73.1% 75.2%, respectively, significantly altered structure under drought. Meanwhile, substantially increased fraction containing lysogenic phages 163%, as well proportion temperate phages. Nonetheless, likely amplified negative prokaryote-phage given nearly doubled links co-occurrence network, higher frequency diversity antiphage defense systems found genomes. Under drought, exerted greater top-down control typical k-strategists including Acidobacteria Chloroflexi. Moreover, phage-encoded auxiliary metabolic genes may host metabolism biosynthesis-related Collectively, study underscore profound interactions. These results also emphasize importance managing levels during amendment microbiome manipulation account for influence

Язык: Английский

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