Uncinate Fasciculus Lesion Burden and Anxiety in Multiple Sclerosis

JAMA Network Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(4), С. e254751 - e254751

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025

Importance Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological disorder that affects 2.4 million people worldwide, and up to 60% experience anxiety. Objective To investigate whether anxiety in MS associated with white matter lesion burden the uncinate fasciculus (UF). Design, Setting, Participants This was a retrospective case-control study of participants aged 18 years or older diagnosed by specialist identified from electronic medical record at single-center academic specialty clinic Pennsylvania. received research-quality 3-Tesla magnetic resonance neuroimaging as part clinical care January 6, 2010, February 14, 2018. After excluding poor image quality, were stratified into 3 groups naturally balanced age sex: (1) without anxiety, (2) mild (3) severe Analyses performed June 1 September 30, 2024. Exposure Anxiety diagnosis anxiolytic medication. Main Outcomes Measures outcomes patients had greater UF than those higher severity burden. Generalized additive models used, lesions (eg, proportion fascicle impacted) within outcome measure sex, spline age, total brain volume covariates. Results Among 372 (mean [SD] 47.7 [11.4] years; 296 [80%] female), after phenotype stratification, 99 (27%) no 49.4 [11.7] 74 [75%] 249 (67%) 47.1 [11.1] 203 [82%] 24 (6%) 47.0 [12.2] 19 [79%] female). compared ( T = 2.01 [ P .047]; Cohen f 2 , 0.19 [95% CI, 0.08-0.52]). Additionally, mean 2.09 .04]; 0.10 0.05-0.21]). Conclusions Relevance In this MS, overall presence Future studies linking treatment prognosis are warranted.

Язык: Английский

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Generalizability of clinical prediction models in mental health

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 19, 2025

Abstract Concerns about the generalizability of machine learning models in mental health arise, partly due to sampling effects and data disparities between research cohorts real-world populations. We aimed investigate whether a model trained solely on easily accessible low-cost clinical can predict depressive symptom severity unseen, independent datasets from various contexts. This observational multi-cohort study included 3021 participants (62.03% females, M Age = 36.27 years, range 15–81) ten European settings, all diagnosed with an affective disorder. firstly compared inpatients same treatment center using 76 sociodemographic variables. An elastic net algorithm ten-fold cross-validation was then applied develop sparse for predicting depression based top five features (global functioning, extraversion, neuroticism, emotional abuse childhood, somatization). Model tested across nine external samples. The reliably predicted samples ( r 0.60, SD 0.089, p < 0.0001) each individual sample, ranging performance 0.48 general population sample 0.73 inpatients. These results suggest that have potential illness diverse offering insights could inform development more generalizable tools use routine psychiatric analysis.

Язык: Английский

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Air Pollution Effects on Mental Health Relationships: Scoping Review on Historically Used Methodologies to Analyze Adult Populations

Air, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(3), С. 258 - 291

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Air pollution’s effects on physical health, especially cardiovascular and respiratory, are well known. Exposure to air pollution may damage every organ cell in the human body. New evidence is emerging showing that adversely affects mental health. Current research suggests high levels have long-term health effects, such as reduced capacity increased cognitive decline, leading stress, anxiety, depression. Objectives: This scoping review aims provide a comprehensive overview of methods used epidemiological literature ascertain existence links between outdoor particulate matter (PM) multiple adverse (MH) (depression, and/or stress). A better understanding practical methodologies could lead improved quality (AQ) management enhanced well-being strategies. Methods: paper undertakes review. PubMed EMBASE databases from 2010 2024 were searched for English-language cohort observational studies stating analyzing link (ultrafine (UFT) (<0.1 μm), fine (<2.5 course (<10 μm)) outcomes stress) adults (>18 years), excluding vulnerable populations (i.e., elderly, children, pregnant women). The study focuses urban, suburban areas, rural areas. Results: From an initial search 3889 records, 29 met inclusion criteria included These spanned various countries employed robust quantitative assess AQ MH. All investigated impact PM with some (n = 19/65.52%) also examining nitrogen oxides (NOx), dioxide (NO2), sulfur (SO2), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO). Depression was most frequently studied outcome 10/34.48%), followed by anxiety depression 6/20.69%), depression, stress 4/13.79%, each). Depression, together examined single 1/3.45%). Standardized questionnaires involving psychological scales Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) 7/24.14%) Center Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) 3/10.34%) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) 2/6.90%) commonly MH tools. 27 out found significant negative demonstrating solid consensus literature. Two did not find correlation. results consistently indicated higher associated symptoms stress. Conclusion: Of identified studies, suitable per criteria. show preferred assessing relevant providing detailed account each method’s strengths limitations studies. conducted assist future relieve decision-making process researchers aiming correlation While strict thus resulted few gap concerning general adult population, focused populations. Further exploration relationship needed, reporting these limited.

Язык: Английский

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Peripheral blood cytokines as markers of longitudinal recovery in white matter microstructure following inpatient treatment for opioid use disorders

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024

Abstract Background Heroin and other opioid use disorders (HUD OUD) cause massive public health morbidity mortality. Although standard-of-care medication assisted treatment (MAT) exists, little is known about potential predictors of change during recovery. Recovery can include normalization the brain’s white matter (WM) microstructure, which sensitive to cytokine immune signaling. Here we aimed determine whether blood-based cytokine/immune markers predict WM microstructure recovery following medication-assisted treatment. Methods Inpatient Individuals with HUD (iHUD; n=21) healthy controls (HC; n=24) underwent magnetic resonance scans diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) provided ratings drug cue-induced craving, arousal valence twice, earlier in ≈14 weeks inpatient MAT (with methadone or buprenorphine) thereafter. At this second session (MRI2), they also a peripheral blood sample for multiplex relative quantification serum proteins proximity extension assay, Olink). We explored correlation multi-target biomarker score (based on principal component analysis 19 that differed significantly between iHUD HC) whole-brain DTI (ΔDTI; MRI2 - MRI1) metrics (fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity) across 14 MAT. Results The score, obtained at stage, was correlated ΔDTI frontal, fronto-parietal, cortico-limbic tracts (e.g., including genu corpus callosum, anterior corona radiata, others). In follow-up analysis, specific cytokines represented such as interleukin oncostatin M (OSM), colony stimulating factor (CSF21), chemokine CCL7 were similar iHUD, but not HC. Levels (i.e., CCL19 CCL2) negatively craving arousal. Thus, lower levels aforementioned an increase two stages (MRI2 MRI1). Conclusions Studied individual targets, are highly accessible biomarkers undergoing

Язык: Английский

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Association of Anxiety with Uncinate Fasciculus Lesion Burden in Multiple Sclerosis

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological disorder that affects 2.4 million people world-wide, and up to 60% experience anxiety.

Язык: Английский

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rbfox1loss of function in zebrafish leads to dysregulation inbdnf/trkb2andpac1aexpression resulting in HPI axis hyperactivation, altered stress response and allostatic overload

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 11, 2024

ABSTRACT RBFOX1 regulates transcriptional networks linked to synaptic transmission and neurodevelopment. Mutations in the gene are associated with psychiatric disorders but how influences disorder vulnerability remains unclear. Recent studies showed that mediates alternative splicing of PAC1 , a critical HPA axis activator. Further, dysfunction is dysregulation BDNF/TrkB, pathway promoting neuroplasticity, neuronal survival, stress resilience. Hence, may increase via dysregulation, leading disrupted development allostatic overload. To test this hypothesis, we generated zebrafish rbfox1 loss function (LoF) line examined behavioural molecular effects during development. In larvae adults, LoF resulted hyperactivity, impulsivity hyperarousal, alterations proliferation, fertility traits larvae, expression pac1a, bdnf, trkb2 HPI genes. These latter were restored after chronic TrkB agonist/antagonist treatment. bdnf / axes was only seen following acute stress. Our findings revealed strict interplay between BDNF/TrkB resilience suggest predisposes diseases through hyperactivation development, impairing adaptation heightening

Язык: Английский

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