VGluT3 BNST neurons transmit GABA and restrict feeding without affecting rewarding or aversive processing
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025
The
bed
nucleus
of
the
stria
terminalis
(BNST)
is
involved
in
feeding,
reward,
aversion,
and
anxiety-like
behavior.
We
identify
BNST
neurons
defined
by
expression
vesicular
glutamate
transporter
3,
VGluT3.
VGluT3
were
localized
to
anteromedial
BNST,
molecularly
distinct
from
accumbal
neurons,
co-express
GABA
(VGaT).
Cell-type
specific
presynaptic
processes
identified
arcuate
(ARC)
paraventricular
hypothalamus
(PVN),
regions
critical
for
feeding
homeostatic
regulation.
Whole-cell
patch-clamp
electrophysiology
revealed
that,
while
these
VGaT,
they
functionally
transmit
both
ARC
PVN,
with
rare
co-transmission
ARC.
Neuronal
recordings
showed
greater
calcium-dependent
signaling
response
sucrose
consumption
sated
compared
fasted.
When
fasted,
optogenetic
stimulation
decreased
using
several
conditions
but
not
when
occurred
prior
access,
suggesting
that
activation
concurrent
fasted
state
reduces
feeding.
during
paradigms
(novelty-suppressed
open
field,
elevated
zero
maze)
real-time
place
conditioning
resulted
no
changes
or
reward/aversion
interpret
data
such
represent
a
unique
cellular
population
within
provides
inhibitory
input
hypothalamic
decrease
without
affecting
Язык: Английский
Assessing the role of BNST GABA neurons in backward conditioned suppression
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025
ABSTRACT
Conditioned
suppression
is
a
useful
paradigm
for
measuring
learned
avoidance.
In
most
conditioned
studies,
forward
conditioning
used
where
cue
predicts
an
aversive
stimulus.
However,
backward
conditioning,
in
which
stimulus
cue,
provides
unique
insights
into
avoidance
due
to
its
influence
on
both
excitation
and
inhibition.
We
trained
mice
consume
sucrose
context
A,
associated
B
few
or
many
backwards
paired
cues
(CS+),
then
tested
A
response
the
CS+.
found
that
CS+
produced
suppression,
but
did
not.
Administration
of
diazepam,
positive
allosteric
modulator
GABA-A
receptor,
prevented
not
Furthermore,
freezing
behavior
was
observed
CS+,
diazepam
had
no
effect
locomotion.
next
examined
BNST
GABA
neurons
potential
sensitivity
suppression.
VGaT
signaling
increased
licks
during
outside
onset
offset.
Using
designer
receptors,
we
neuron
activation,
inhibition,
expression.
conclude
dependent
modulation
receptors
by
neurons.
Язык: Английский
The neurobiological basis of emotions and their connection to facial expressions in non-human mammals: insights in nonverbal communication
Frontiers in Veterinary Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12
Опубликована: Март 7, 2025
Recognizing
that
nonhuman
animals
are
sentient
beings
has
increased
interest
in
studying
their
emotional
state.
Similar
to
humans,
research
shown
some
mammals
can
modify
facial
expressions
by
contraction/relaxation
of
muscles
according
affective
From
a
neurophysiological
perspective,
emotions
processed
several
brain
structures,
mainly
from
the
limbic
system,
such
as
hypothalamus,
hypophysis,
hippocampus,
prefrontal
cortex,
and
amygdala.
The
converged
pathways
between
amygdala,
motor
its
projections
nerve
control
movement
or
mimetic
muscles.
Thus,
expression
is
suggested
reflect
internal
state
could
serve
an
essential
mode
nonverbal
communication
mammals.
In
Facial
Action
Coding
System
(FACS)
method
objectively
analyzes
movements
using
anatomical
base.
veterinary
medicine,
AnimalFACS
adaptation
this
system
eight
animal
species,
including
domestic
(dogs,
cats,
horses)
primates
(chimpanzees,
orangutans,
gibbons,
macaques,
common
marmosets).
Considering
these
coded
movements,
current
aims
associate
certain
with
animals’
states
contexts.
review
discuss
recent
findings
associated
neurobiology
non-human
mammals,
understand
communication.
Characterizing
each
different
contexts
might
help
identify
if
expressing
positive
negative
response
event,
which
improve
human-animal
Язык: Английский