bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2023
Neural
networks
must
be
able
to
flexibly
process
information
under
different
conditions.
To
this
end,
frequently
rely
on
uniform
expression
of
modulatory
receptors
by
distinct
classes
neurons
fine
tune
the
computations
supported
each
neuronal
class.
In
study,
we
explore
consequences
heterogeneous,
rather
than
uniform,
serotonin
(5-HT)
receptor
within
a
cell
class
for
olfactory
processing
in
Drosophila
melanogaster
.
Here,
demonstrate
that
two
populations
output
(projection
neurons,
PNs)
display
heterogeneous
co-expression
all
5-HT
receptors.
Moreover,
PN
express
innervate
combinations
glomeruli,
implying
effects
these
PNs
may
vary
with
their
odor
tuning.
Furthermore,
connectomic
analyses
reveal
subsets
profiles
have
little
convergence
upon
downstream
synaptic
partners.
Finally,
differentially
modulates
odor-evoked
responses
and
Overall,
implies
enables
differential
tuning
activity
depending
scene
which
individual
respond.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025
While
animals
readily
adjust
their
behavior
to
adapt
relevant
changes
in
the
environment,
neural
pathways
enabling
these
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
using
multiphoton
imaging,
we
investigate
whether
feedback
from
piriform
cortex
olfactory
bulb
supports
such
behavioral
flexibility.
To
this
end,
engage
head-fixed
male
mice
a
multimodal
rule-reversal
task
guided
by
and
auditory
cues.
Both
odor
and,
surprisingly,
sound
cues
trigger
responses
cortical
bulbar
axons
which
precede
report.
Responses
same
sensory
cue
are
strongly
modulated
upon
stimulus-reward
contingency
(rule-reversals).
The
re-shaping
of
individual
bouton
occurs
within
seconds
events
is
correlated
with
behavior.
Optogenetic
perturbation
disrupts
performance.
Our
results
indicate
that
piriform-to-olfactory
carry
stimulus
identity
reward
signals
rapidly
re-formatted
according
context.
Hernandez-Trejo,
Ciuparu,
Garcia
da
Silva
et
al.
report
mouse
carries
signals,
seconds,
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
159, С. 105574 - 105574
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024
The
quest
to
understand
the
memory
engram
has
intrigued
humans
for
centuries.
Recent
technological
advances,
including
genetic
labelling,
imaging,
optogenetic
and
chemogenetic
techniques,
have
propelled
field
of
research
forward.
These
tools
enabled
researchers
create
erase
components.
While
these
innovative
techniques
yielded
invaluable
insights,
they
often
focus
on
specific
elements
trace.
Genetic
labelling
may
rely
a
particular
immediate
early
gene
as
marker
activity,
optogenetics
activate
or
inhibit
one
type
neuron,
imaging
capture
activity
snapshots
in
given
brain
region
at
times.
Yet,
memories
are
multifaceted,
involving
diverse
arrays
neuronal
subpopulations,
circuits,
regions
that
work
concert
create,
store,
retrieve
information.
Consideration
contributions
both
excitatory
inhibitory
neurons,
micro
macro
circuits
across
regions,
dynamic
nature
active
ensembles,
representational
drift
is
crucial
comprehensive
understanding
complex
memory.
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Март 22, 2022
The
study
of
long-range
GABAergic
projections
has
traditionally
been
focused
on
those
with
subcortical
origin.
In
the
last
few
years,
cortical
neurons
have
shown
to
not
only
mediate
local
inhibition,
but
also
extend
axons
remote
and
areas.
this
review,
we
delineate
different
types
(LRGNs)
that
reported
arise
from
hippocampus
neocortex,
paying
attention
anatomical
functional
circuits
they
form
understand
their
role
in
behavior.
Although
LRGNs
are
similar
interneuron
counterparts,
comprise
distinct
populations
show
specific
patterns
cortico-cortical
cortico-fugal
connectivity.
Functionally,
likely
induce
timed
disinhibition
target
regions
synchronize
network
activity.
Thus,
emerging
as
a
new
element
output,
acting
concert
excitatory
shape
brain
function
health
disease.
Neural Regeneration Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
20(6), С. 1565 - 1581
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2024
Adult
neurogenesis
persists
after
birth
in
the
subventricular
zone,
with
new
neurons
migrating
to
granule
cell
layer
and
glomerular
layers
of
olfactory
bulb,
where
they
integrate
into
existing
circuitry
as
inhibitory
interneurons.
The
generation
these
bulb
supports
both
structural
functional
plasticity,
aiding
circuit
remodeling
triggered
by
memory
learning
processes.
However,
presence
neurons,
coupled
cellular
diversity
within
presents
an
ongoing
challenge
understanding
its
network
organization
function.
Moreover,
continuous
integration
plays
a
pivotal
role
regulating
information
processing.
This
adaptive
process
responds
changes
epithelial
composition
contributes
formation
memories
modulating
connectivity
interacting
intricately
higher-order
brain
regions.
adult
functions
remains
topic
debate.
Nevertheless,
functionality
is
linked
cells
around
mitral
tufted
cells.
organizational
pattern
significantly
impacts
output,
behavior,
synaptic
which
are
crucial
for
perception
memory.
Additionally,
this
further
shaped
axon
terminals
originating
from
cortical
subcortical
Despite
behaviors
related
olfaction,
complex
highly
interconnected
processes
have
not
been
comprehensively
studied
whole.
Therefore,
manuscript
aims
discuss
our
current
explore
how
neural
plasticity
contribute
enhancing
adaptability
system.
These
mechanisms
thought
support
memory,
potentially
through
increased
complexity
restructuring
structures,
well
addition
that
aid
adaptation.
underscores
importance
employing
precise
methodologies
elucidate
specific
roles
amidst
conflicting
data
varying
experimental
paradigms.
Understanding
essential
gaining
insights
complexities
function
behavior.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025
Abstract
The
primary
objective
of
this
study
was
to
determine
whether
light
stimulation
can
induce
a
persistent
reduction
in
neuronal
activity
within
the
central
nervous
system.
Using
repeated
pulses
blue
(5
seconds,
λ
=
430
-
495nm
at
19
mW,
∼2.4
mW/mm²)
on
cortical
slices,
we
observed
robust
and
sustained
decrease
evoked
firing
activity—approximately
60%
relative
baseline—in
neurons
from
both
male
female
mice.
This
inhibitory
effect
persisted
for
more
than
twenty
minutes
following
stimulation.
In
human
variable.
While
some
showed
reduced
activity,
others—particularly
those
subjects—exhibited
increased
response
light.
long-lasting
modulation
excitability
appears
result
changes
passive
(membrane
resistance
resting
potential)
active
(voltage-dependent
Na⁺
K⁺
channels)
properties
neurons.
These
findings
suggest
that
visual
may
serve
as
tool
treat
brain
pathologies
produced
by
hyperexcitability.
We
propose
roadmap
further
research,
including
vivo
validation,
exploration
parameters,
evaluation
pathological
models.
Importantly,
infrastructure
protocols
developed
optogenetic
studies
provide
immediate
opportunities
test
therapeutic
potential
alone,
without
requiring
exogenous
opsin
expression.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2023
While
animals
readily
adjust
their
behavior
to
adapt
relevant
changes
in
the
environment,
neural
pathways
enabling
these
remain
largely
unknown.
Here,
using
multiphoton
imaging,
we
investigated
whether
feedback
from
piriform
cortex
olfactory
bulb
supports
such
behavioral
flexibility.
To
this
end,
engaged
head-fixed
mice
a
multimodal
rule-reversal
task
guided
by
and
auditory
cues.
Both
odor
and,
surprisingly,
sound
cues
triggered
cortical
bulbar
responses
which
preceded
report.
Responses
same
sensory
cue
were
strongly
modulated
upon
stimulus-reward
contingency
(rule
reversals).
The
re-shaping
of
individual
bouton
occurred
within
seconds
events
was
correlated
with
behavior.
Optogenetic
perturbation
disrupted
performance.
Our
results
indicate
that
piriform-to-olfactory
carries
reward
signals
is
rapidly
re-formatted
according
context.
Summary
Adult
neurogenesis
has
fascinated
the
field
of
neuroscience
for
decades
given
prospects
harnessing
mechanisms
that
facilitate
rewiring
and/or
replacement
adult
brain
tissue.
The
subgranular
zone
hippocampus
and
subventricular
lateral
ventricle
are
two
main
areas
in
exhibit
ongoing
neurogenesis.
Of
these,
adult‐born
neurons
within
olfactory
bulb
have
proven
to
be
a
powerful
model
studying
circuit
plasticity,
providing
broad
accessible
avenue
into
neuron
development,
migration,
continued
integration
This
review
focuses
on
some
recognized
molecular
signaling
underlying
activity‐dependent
development.
Notably,
activity
behavioral
states
contribute
plasticity
through
sensory
centrifugal
inputs,
which
calcium‐dependent
transcriptional
programs,
local
translation,
neuropeptide
play
important
roles.
also
highlights
needed
investigation
better
understand
remarkable
phenomenon
integration.
Advanced Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2024
Abstract
Aromatic
essential
oils
have
been
shown
to
relieve
anxiety
and
enhance
relaxation,
although
the
neural
circuits
underlying
these
effects
remained
unknown.
Here,
it
is
found
that
treatment
with
1.0%
bergamot
oil
(BEO)
exerts
anxiolytic‐like
through
a
circuit
projecting
from
anterior
olfactory
nucleus
(AON)
cingulate
cortex
(ACC)
in
acute
restraint
stress
model
mice.
Collectively,
vivo
two‐photon
calcium
imaging,
viral
tracing,
whole‐cell
patch
clamp
recordings
show
inhalation
exposure
BEO
can
activate
glutamatergic
projections
AON
GABAergic
neurons
ACC,
which
drives
inhibition
of
local
(AON
Glu
→ACC
GABA→Glu
).
Optogenetic
or
chemogenetic
manipulation
this
pathway
recapitulate
abolish
BEO‐induced
behavioral
mice
ARS.
Beyond
depicting
previously
unrecognized
involved
response,
study
provides
mechanism
for
suggests
potential
target
treatment.
