Experimental impacts of grazing on grassland biodiversity and function are explained by aridity

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 19, 2023

Grazing by domestic herbivores is the most widespread land use on planet, and also a major global change driver in grasslands. Yet, experimental evidence long-term impacts of livestock grazing biodiversity function largely lacking. Here, we report results from network 10 sites paired grazed ungrazed grasslands across an aridity gradient, including some largest remaining native planet. We show that partly explains responses multifunctionality to grazing. greatly reduced steppes with higher aridity, while had no effects relatively lower aridity. Moreover, found further changed capacity above- below-ground explain multifunctionality. Thus, plant diversity was positively correlated excluded livestock, soil Together, our cross-site experiment reveals depend levels, more arid experiencing negative ecosystem highlight fundamental importance conserving for protecting

Язык: Английский

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Nutrient-induced acidification modulates soil biodiversity-function relationships

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Abstract Nutrient enrichment is a major global change component that often disrupts the relationship between aboveground biodiversity and ecosystem functions by promoting species dominance, altering trophic interactions, reducing stability. Emerging evidence indicates nutrient also reduces soil weakens belowground functions, but underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we explore effects of on properties, biodiversity, multiple through 13-year field experiment. We show acidification induced enrichment, rather than changes in mineral carbon (C) availability, primary factor negatively affecting diversity multifunctionality. Nitrogen phosphorus additions significantly reduce pH, bacteria, fungi nematodes, as well an array related to C cycling. Effects microbial have negative consequences at higher levels microbivorous nematodes. These results indicate nutrient-induced can cascade up its impacts along food webs influence functioning, providing novel insight into which influences community properties.

Язык: Английский

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Global response of soil biodiversity to climate and land use changes

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 471, С. 143381 - 143381

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial and fungal diversity and species interactions inversely affect ecosystem functions under drought in a semi-arid grassland

Microbiological Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 293, С. 128075 - 128075

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Below‐ground root nutrient‐acquisition strategies are more sensitive to long‐term grazing than above‐ground leaf traits across a soil nutrient gradient

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(7), С. 1475 - 1485

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2024

Abstract Understanding how plant nutrient acquisition strategies respond to grazing at the community level is critical understanding ecosystem structure and functioning in grasslands. However, few studies have simultaneously compared difference above‐ground (leaf) below‐ground (root) nutrient‐acquisition response long‐term grazing, especially regional scale. Here, we measured a set of leaf fine‐root traits that correspond fast‐slow economic spectrum 10 experimental sites from paired grazed ungrazed grasslands across soil gradient covering three major types northern China. We found patterns variations were consistent with both root for non‐grazed plots. Grazing had minor effect on community‐level but strongly influenced strategies. Specifically, shifted more exploitative resource use communities. Moreover, contributed changes strategies, which tended towards strategy increasing levels. significantly interacted affect than nutrient. Synthesis . Our results demonstrated completely inconsistent responses above‐ sensitive grazing. findings also suggest high intensity anthropogenic activities such as may modify Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

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Soil drought thresholds of alpine grassland deceased rapidly under the influence of extreme low temperature in northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Ecological Processes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Abstract Background Droughts likely lead to the decrease of vegetation coverage and plant productivity. Due climate change, more extreme climatic events, including soil droughts temperatures, may occur both independently simultaneously. Therefore, it is important understand thresholds drought in order avoid various undesired transitions alpine grassland. Methods Soil were identified based on change moisture, decline events by abnormal normalized difference index (NDVI). Three two curves responses illustrated tipping points that reflected rapid loss ecosystem resistance (T p1 ), complete p2 ) amplified magnitude NDVI m ). The influences legacy effects temperatures also considered. Results Alpine grasslands northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau had mean T , 1.25, 1.98 1.93, respectively, indicating low high vulnerability. was for most study area, varied with elevation types. Besides occurrence coupled extremely decreased 36% nearly all 30% . Different grassland types showed varying droughts, sparse having lowest wetland highest. However, according did not show obvious differences. Conclusions sensitive intensified drought. identification advances understanding how responds helps restoration when faced benefits adaptation.

Язык: Английский

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Effects of grazing exclusion on soil microbial diversity and its functionality in grasslands: a meta-analysis

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Grazing exclusion (GE) is considered an effective strategy for restoring the degradation of overgrazed grasslands on global scale. Soil microbial diversity plays a crucial role in supporting multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality) grassland ecosystems. However, impact grazing soil remains uncertain. Here, we conducted meta-analysis using dataset comprising 246 paired observations from 46 peer-reviewed papers to estimate how GE affects and these effects vary with climatic regions, types, duration ranging 1 64 years. Meanwhile, explored relationship between its functionality under exclusion. Overall, significantly increased Shannon (1.9%) richness (4.9%) compared group. For groups, fungal (8.6%) bacterial (5.3%), but decreased specific (-11.9%). The responses varied among duration. Specifically, arid, semi-arid, dry sub-humid it humid regions. Moreover, semidesert (5.9%) alpine (3.0%), not temperate grasslands. Long-term (>20 year) had greater (8.0% 6.7% richness) short-term (<10 (-0.8% 2.4%). Furthermore, multifunctionality, both plant positively correlated multifunctionality. our findings emphasize importance considering climate, duration, type biodiversity conservation sustainable functions.

Язык: Английский

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Grassland Greening and Water Resource Availability May Coexist in a Warming Climate in Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau

Earth s Future, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(12)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2023

Abstract Greening of Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau (NCTP) has been observed by increases in remotely sensed leaf area index (LAI), driven primarily CO 2 fertilization effects, anthropogenic warming, implementation ecological restoration programs. Continued growth LAI throughout 21st century is also projected Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) scenarios. However, question whether local water resources can sustain ongoing grassland greening not adequately investigated. Here we assessed sustainability under across NCTP various climate scenarios using yield (WY, defined as precipitation minus actual evapotranspiration) key metric. Unexpectedly, observe coexistence WY most NCTP. In a warming with increasing , find that grasses maintain high use efficiency to their growth, contributing continued resource availability. Thus, livestock production may continue increase simultaneous future.

Язык: Английский

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Microbial network structure, not plant and microbial community diversity, regulates multifunctionality under increased precipitation in a cold steppe

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

It is known that the dynamics of multiple ecosystem functions (i. e., multifunctionality) are positively associated with microbial diversity and/or biodiversity. However, how relationship between species affects multifunctionality remains unclear, especially in case changes precipitation patterns. To explore contribution biodiversity and co-occurrence networks to multifunctionality, we used rainfall shelters simulate enhancement a cold steppe Northeast China over two consecutive growing seasons. We showed an increased 50% profoundly reduced bacterial multidiversity, while inter-annual differences did not shift diversity, plant or multidiversity. Our analyses also revealed annual significantly ecosystem, soil, nitrogen, phosphorous cycle multifunctionality. Neither nor had significant effect on carbon probably due relatively short period (2 years) our experiment. The network fungal communities was most dominant factor affecting numbers negative interactions but positive were linked In particular, results provided evidence topological features crucial for maintaining grassland ecosystems, which should be considered related studies accurately predict responses predicted

Язык: Английский

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Artificially cultivated grasslands decrease the activation of soil detachment and soil erodibility on the alpine degraded hillslopes

Soil and Tillage Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 243, С. 106176 - 106176

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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