Systematics and biogeography of the Holarctic dragonfly genus Somatochlora (Anisoptera: Corduliidae)

Systematic Entomology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

Abstract The striped emeralds ( Somatochlora Selys) are a Holarctic group of medium‐sized metallic green dragonflies that mainly inhabit bogs and seepages, alpine streams, lakes, channels lowland brooks. With 42 species they the most diverse genus within Corduliidae (Odonata: Anisoptera). Systematic, taxonomic biogeographic resolution remains unclear, with numerous hypotheses relatedness based on wing veins, male claspers (epiproct paraprocts) nymphs. Furthermore, borisi was recently described as new Corduliochlora ) 17 morphological characters, but its position respect to is unclear. We present phylogenetic reconstruction using Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) sequences 40/42 (including ). Our data recover monophyly , C. recovered sister remaining . also three highly supported clades one mixed support; this lack likely due incomplete lineage sorting, third‐codon saturation iterative analyses run variations our dataset hybridization. we constructed for all 20 characters from literature which were used evaluate groups molecular data; support validity distinct Finally, divergence time estimation analysis indicate originated in Western North Hemisphere during Miocene, dispersal events Eastern (11, 7 5 Ma, respectively) across Beringian Land Bridge.

Язык: Английский

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Heliconiini butterflies as a case study in evolutionary cognitive ecology: behavioural innovation and mushroom body expansion

Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 77(12)

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023

Abstract The evolutionary relationships between ecology, cognition, and neurobiology remain elusive, despite important contributions from functional studies comparative analyses. Recently, Heliconius butterflies their Heliconiini allies have emerged as a promising system for investigating the evolution ecology of cognition. In , regions brain involved in learning memory, called mushroom bodies, quadrupled size contain up to 8 times more neurons than closely related genera. This expansion, largely driven by increased dedication processing visual input, occurred relatively recently (~12–18 Ma) coincides with novel foraging behaviour — trapline pollen resources, which provide an adult source amino acids. Behavioural experiments show that, relative other Heliconiini, exhibit superior long-term memory non-elemental learning, behaviours putative relevance during traplining, while exhibiting no differences shape or reversal learning. These cognitive are also associated changes plastic response body experience. thus constitute clear example suite neural adaptations that reliant on distinct shifts. We highlight well-positioned, developing case study evolution, where there is possibility synthesising neuroanatomical, developmental behavioural data extensive genomic resources. would rich dataset linking genes, brains, behaviour, offer key insights into mechanisms selective pressures shaping interspecific variation.

Язык: Английский

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Consistent accumulation of transposable elements in species of the HawaiianTetragnathaspiny-leg adaptive radiation across the archipelago chronosequence

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Abstract The ecological and phenotypic diversity observed in oceanic island radiations presents an evolutionary paradox: a high level of genetic variation is typically required for diversification, but species colonizing new suffer from founder effects. This reduction population size leads to diversity, which ultimately results the efficiency natural selection. Then, what source acts as raw material diversification archipelagos? Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile that have been linked generation evidence suggests TE activity accumulation along genome can result reductions size. Here, we use Hawaiian spiny-leg spider radiation ( Tetragnatha ) test whether increases due demographic processes associated with colonization. We sequenced quantified TEs 23 individuals 4 its sister radiation, web-building . Our show effects resulting colonization islands not resulted over time. Specifically, found no increase abundance specific superfamilies, nor ‘young TEs’ lineages recently colonized or present active volcanoes. also DNA/hAT transposon superfamily by far most abundant radiation. work shows has remained constant across archipelago chronosequence, affected oscillations events. Therefore, despite their known role does appear be mechanism explain paradox insular

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of larval gregariousness is associated with host plant specialisation, but not host morphology, in Heliconiini butterflies

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Insect herbivores, such as lepidopteran larvae, often have close evolutionary relationships with their host plants, which they may be locked in an arms race. Larval grouping behaviour one behavioural adaptation that improves plant feeding, but aggregation also comes costs, higher competition and limited resource access. Here, we use the Heliconiini butterfly tribe to explore impact of traits on evolution larval gregariousness. almost exclusively utilise species from Passifloraceae plants. display incredible diversity leaf shape a range anti-herbivore defences, suggesting are responding to, influencing, larvae. By analysing social both binary (solitary or gregarious) categorical (increasing group size) trait, revisit multiple origins gregariousness across Heliconiini. We investigate whether habitat, defences size important drivers of, constraints on, Whereas our data do not reveal links between included this study, find interaction specialisation behaviour, revealing gregarious larvae more likely feed narrower than solitary evidence increased typically precedes transition behaviour. The comparatively greater suggests there specific morphological and/or ecological features plants favour

Язык: Английский

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Practical Guidance and Workflows for Identifying Fast Evolving Non-Coding Genomic Elements Using PhyloAcc

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 64(5), С. 1513 - 1525

Опубликована: Май 29, 2024

Synopsis Comparative genomics provides ample ways to study genome evolution and its relationship phenotypic traits. By developing testing alternate models of throughout a phylogeny, one can estimate rates molecular along different lineages in phylogeny link these with observations extant species, such as convergent phenotypes. Pipelines for work help identify when where genomic changes may be associated with, or possibly influence, We recently developed set called PhyloAcc, using Bayesian framework nucleotide substitution on branches phylogenetic tree evaluate their association pre-defined estimated PhyloAcc-ST PhyloAcc-GT both allow users define priori target then compare loci accelerating more lineages. Whereas ST considers only species across all input loci, GT topologies every locus. PhyloAcc-C simultaneously continuous trait evolution, allowing the user ask whether two are associated. Here, we describe provide tips workflows how prepare data run PhyloAcc.

Язык: Английский

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Lepidopteran scale cells derive from sensory organ precursors through a canonical lineage

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Abstract The success of butterflies and moths is tightly linked to the origin scales within group. A long-standing hypothesis postulates that are homologous well-described mechanosensory bristles found in fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster , where both derive from an epithelial precursor specified by lateral inhibition then undergoes multiple rounds division. Previous histological examination candidate gene approaches identified parallels genes involved scale bristle development. Here, we provide definitive developmental transcriptomic evidence differentiation lepidopteran derives canonical cell lineage, known as Sensory Organ Precursor (SOP). Live imaging moth butterfly pupae shows SOP cells undergo two asymmetric divisions first abrogate neurogenic lead a differentiated its associated socket cell. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing across time-series early pupal development revealed differential expression patterns mirror lineage development, including Notch-Delta signalling components, adhesion molecules, cycling factors, terminal markers, suggesting shared program. Additionally, recovered novel gene, POU-domain transcription factor pdm3 proper wing scales. Altogether, these data open up avenues for understanding type specification illustrate how single-cell transcriptomics powerful platform evolution types.

Язык: Английский

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Genomic evidence reveals three W-autosome fusions in Heliconius butterflies

PLoS Genetics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(7), С. e1011318 - e1011318

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024

Sex chromosomes are evolutionarily labile in many animals and sometimes fuse with autosomes, creating so-called neo-sex chromosomes. Fusions between sex autosomes have been proposed to reduce sexual conflict promote adaptation reproductive isolation among species. Recently, advances genomics fuelled the discovery of such fusions across tree life. Here, we discovered multiple leading sapho subclade classical adaptive radiation Heliconius butterflies. butterflies generally 21 very high synteny. However, five species show large variation chromosome number ranging from 60. We find that W is fused 4 all them. Two sister pairs subsequent 9 or 14, respectively. These make an ideal system for studying role radiations degeneration over time. Our findings emphasize capability short-read resequencing detect genomic signatures fusion events even when not explicitly assembled.

Язык: Английский

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Major patterns in the introgression history of Heliconius butterflies

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2023

Gene flow between species, although usually deleterious, is an important evolutionary process that can facilitate adaptation and lead to species diversification. It also makes estimation of relationships difficult. Here, we use the full-likelihood multispecies coalescent (MSC) approach estimate phylogeny major introgression events in Heliconius butterflies from whole-genome sequence data. We obtain a robust branching order among clades genus, including ‘melpomene-silvaniform’ group, which shows extensive historical ongoing gene flow. chromosome-level estimates key parameters phylogeny, divergence times, present-day ancestral population sizes, as well direction, timing, intensity Our analysis leads with differ those obtained previous studies. find aoede most likely represents earliest-branching lineage genus ‘silvaniform’ are paraphyletic within melpomene-silvaniform group. provides new, parsimonious histories for origins traits , pollen feeding inversion involved wing pattern mimicry. results demonstrate power feasibility MSC estimating despite The methods used here should be useful other difficult groups high rates introgression.

Язык: Английский

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Genomics of the relict species Baronia brevicornis sheds light on its demographic history and genome size evolution across swallowtail butterflies

G3 Genes Genomes Genetics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(12)

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Relict species, like coelacanth, gingko, tuatara, are the remnants of formerly more ecologically and taxonomically diverse lineages. It raises questions why they currently species-poor, have restrained ecology, often vulnerable to extinction. Estimating heterozygosity level demographic history can guide our understanding evolutionary conservation status relict species. However, few studies focused on invertebrates compared vertebrates. We sequenced genome Baronia brevicornis (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), which is an endangered sister species all swallowtail butterflies, oldest lineage extant butterflies. From a dried specimen, we were able generate both long-read short-read data assembled 406 Mb for Baronia. found fairly high (0.58%) other contrasts with its status. Taking into account ratio recombination over mutation, analyses indicated sharp decline effective population size initiated in last million years. Moreover, was used study variation Papilionidae. Genome sizes mostly explained by transposable elements activities, suggesting that large genomes appear be derived feature butterflies as activity recent involves different classes among This first provides resource assisting flagship insect well evolution.

Язык: Английский

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Phylosymbiosis: The Eco-Evolutionary Pattern of Insect–Symbiont Interactions

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(21), С. 15836 - 15836

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

Insects harbor diverse assemblages of bacterial and fungal symbionts, which play crucial roles in host life history. their various symbionts represent a good model for studying host–microbe interactions. Phylosymbiosis is used to describe an eco-evolutionary pattern, providing new cross-system trend the research host-associated microbiota. The phylosymbiosis pattern characterized by significant positive correlation between phylogeny microbial community dissimilarities. Although host–symbiont interactions have been demonstrated many insect groups, our knowledge prevalence mechanisms insects still limited. Here, we provide order-by-order summary patterns insects, including Blattodea, Coleoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera. Then, highlight potential contributions stochastic effects, evolutionary processes, ecological filtering shaping phylosymbiotic can arise from combination deterministic mechanisms, such as dispersal limitations microbes, codiversification hosts, phylogenetically conserved traits (incl., immune system, diet, physiological characteristics).

Язык: Английский

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