medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2024
Abstract
The
nosocomial
transmission
of
respiratory
pathogens
is
an
ongoing
healthcare
challenge,
with
consequences
for
the
health
vulnerable
individuals.
Outbreaks
in
hospitals
can
require
closure
bays
or
entire
wards,
reducing
hospital
capacity
and
having
a
financial
impact
upon
providers.
Here
we
evaluate
novel
strategy
pre-exposure
prophylaxis
as
means
to
reduce
SARS-CoV-2.
We
model
effect
ursodeoxycholic
acid
(UDCA)
levels
ACE2
expression,
SARS-CoV-2
viral
entry,
ultimately
probability
infection.
then
implement
this
within
simulations
describing
spread
infections
context,
simulating
intervention
which
UDCA
given
patients
on
ward
10
days
following
detection
case
that
ward.
Under
default
parameters
infer
potential
16.5%
reduction
(95%
C.
I.
14%
-
20%)
patients,
increased
importation
cases
into
increasing
effectiveness
intervention.
Our
study
provides
preliminary
evidence
value
transmission.
Cell chemical biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
31(4), С. 632 - 657
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Over
four
years
have
passed
since
the
beginning
of
COVID-19
pandemic.
The
scientific
response
has
been
rapid
and
effective,
with
many
therapeutic
monoclonal
antibodies
small
molecules
developed
for
clinical
use.
However,
given
ability
viruses
to
become
resistant
antivirals,
it
is
perhaps
no
surprise
that
field
identified
resistance
nearly
all
these
compounds.
Here,
we
provide
a
comprehensive
review
profile
each
therapeutics.
We
hope
this
resource
provides
an
atlas
mutations
be
aware
agent,
particularly
as
springboard
considerations
next
generation
antivirals.
Finally,
discuss
outlook
thoughts
moving
forward
in
how
continue
manage
this,
next,
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
Abstract
Background
Persistent
COVID-19
(pCOVID-19)
in
immunocompromised
patients
is
characterized
by
unspecific
symptoms
and
pulmonary
infiltrates
due
to
ongoing
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus-2
(SARS-CoV-2)
replication.
Treatment
options
remain
unclear,
leading
different
approaches,
including
combination
therapy
extended
durations.
The
purpose
of
this
study
was
assess
the
efficacy
safety
antiviral
therapies
for
pCOVID-19
since
Omicron
surge.
Methods
We
searched
MEDLINE
Scopus
from
1
January
2022
6
August
2024
cohort
studies
case
series
on
nirmatrelvir/ritonavir,
remdesivir,
ensitrelvir
molnupiravir.
Evidence
certainty
rated
using
Grading
Recommendations
Assessment,
Development,
Evaluation
outcomes
viral
clearance,
recurrence/relapse,
mortality,
adverse
events
(AEs)
symptom
resolution.
Results
Thirteen
involving
127
cases
were
included.
very
low.
In
with
at
least
two
direct
agents,
clearance
79%,
a
16%
recurrence
rate.
All-cause
mortality
9%,
6%
while
SARS-CoV-2
positive.
47
cases,
AEs
reported
11%.
Symptom
resolution
ranged
3
days
studies.
one
agent
passive
immunization,
89%,
an
11%
rate
no
deaths.
four
documented
observed.
monotherapy,
100%,
15%
One
death,
unrelated
SARS-CoV-2,
occurred.
12
Conclusions
Based
low
evidence,
combining
immunization
resulted
high
rates
few
recurrences.
occurred
treated
antivirals.
Controlled
are
needed.
Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
2025(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
The
COVID‐19
pandemic
created
an
unprecedented
public
health
crisis,
driven
by
its
rapid
global
spread
and
the
urgent
need
for
worldwide
collaborative
interventions
to
contain
it.
This
urgency
spurred
search
therapeutic
agents
prevent
or
manage
infection.
Among
these,
various
types
of
antivirals
emerged
as
a
prominent
treatment
option,
supported
wealth
observational
studies
randomized
controlled
trials.
results
from
such
conflict,
with
some
concluding
efficacy
others
lack
thereof,
variability
also
occurring
depending
on
severity
in
studied
population.
In
addition,
many
have
been
explored
using
trials—the
gold
standard
evaluating
intervention—to
only
limited
degree,
most
evidence
behind
their
use
concluded
studies.
Thus,
sheer
volume
data
has
made
it
challenging
resolve
inconsistencies
determine
true
efficacy.
Furthermore,
there
is
paucity
literature
regarding
pediatric
population
infected
COVID‐19,
being
extrapolated
done
adult
patients.
As
such,
additional
trials
are
needed
solidify
effectiveness
managing
particularly
underexplored
especially
vulnerable
cardiac
Therefore,
utilizing
trials,
this
narrative
review
evaluates
rationale
antivirals,
summarizes
findings
literature,
concludes
focused
discussion
application
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(3), С. 127 - 139
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
Abstract
Purpose
of
the
Review
SARS-CoV-2
undergoes
genetic
mutations
like
many
other
viruses.
Some
lead
to
emergence
new
Variants
Concern
(VOCs),
affecting
transmissibility,
illness
severity,
and
effectiveness
antiviral
drugs.
Continuous
monitoring
research
are
crucial
comprehend
variant
behavior
develop
effective
response
strategies,
including
identifying
that
may
affect
current
drug
therapies.
Recent
Findings
Antiviral
therapies
such
as
Nirmatrelvir
Ensitrelvir
focus
on
inhibiting
3CLpro,
whereas
Remdesivir,
Favipiravir,
Molnupiravir
target
nsp12,
thereby
reducing
viral
load.
However,
resistant
in
3CLpro
nsp12
could
impact
efficiency
these
small
molecule
therapeutics.
Summary
This
manuscript
summarizes
which
potentially
reduce
efficacy
Additionally,
it
encapsulates
recent
advancements
antivirals
targeting
proteins,
their
potential
for
developing
resistance
against
emerging
variants.
Journal of Virology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
98(9)
Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2024
Immunocompromised
people
are
at
high
risk
of
prolonged
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
infection
and
progression
to
disease
2019
(COVID-19).
However,
the
efficacy
late-onset
direct-acting
antiviral
(DAA)
therapy
with
therapeutics
in
clinical
use
experimental
drugs
mitigate
persistent
viral
replication
is
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
employed
an
immunocompromised
mouse
model,
which
supports
SARS-CoV-2
explore
treatment
options.
Tandem
immuno-depletion
CD4
