Anaerobic fungi in the tortoise alimentary tract illuminate early stages of host-fungal symbiosis and Neocallimastigomycota evolution
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Март 28, 2024
Abstract
Anaerobic
gut
fungi
(AGF,
Neocallimastigomycota
)
reside
in
the
alimentary
tract
of
herbivores.
While
their
presence
mammals
is
well
documented,
evidence
for
occurrence
non-mammalian
hosts
currently
sparse.
Culture-independent
surveys
AGF
tortoises
identified
a
unique
community,
with
three
novel
deep-branching
genera
representing
>90%
sequences
most
samples.
Representatives
all
were
successfully
isolated
under
strict
anaerobic
conditions.
Transcriptomics-enabled
phylogenomic
and
molecular
dating
analyses
indicated
an
ancient,
position
tree
these
genera,
evolutionary
divergence
time
estimate
104-112
million
years
ago
(Mya).
Such
estimates
push
establishment
animal-
symbiosis
from
late
to
early
Cretaceous.
Further,
tortoise-associated
isolates
(T-AGF)
exhibited
limited
capacity
plant
polysaccharides
metabolism
lacked
genes
encoding
several
carbohydrate-active
enzyme
(CAZyme)
families.
Finally,
we
demonstrate
that
observed
curtailed
degradation
capacities
reduced
CAZyme
repertoire
driven
by
paucity
horizontal
gene
transfer
(HGT)
T-AGF
genomes,
compared
mammalian
counterparts.
This
was
reflected
altered
cellulosomal
production
T-AGF.
Our
findings
provide
insights
into
phylogenetic
diversity,
ecological
distribution,
history,
evolution
fungal-host
nutritional
symbiosis,
dynamics
acquisition
.
Язык: Английский
INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RUMINANT PHYSIOLOGY: Rumen fungi, archaea and their interactions
Journal of Dairy Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Breed-Specific Responses and Ruminal Microbiome Shifts in Dairy Cows Under Heat Stress
Animals,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(6), С. 817 - 817
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
Holstein
and
Jersey
cows,
as
excellent
dairy
breeds,
have
their
own
advantages
in
milk
yield,
quality,
disease
resistance,
heat
resistance.
However,
the
adaptability
rumen
microbiome
changes
cows
under
stress
are
not
clear.
Therefore,
main
objective
of
this
study
was
to
compare
differences
tolerance
ruminal
stress.
The
experiment
comprised
a
7-day
thermo-neutral
(TN)
period
(HS)
period.
Five
five
with
similar
parity
days
were
selected,
fluid
collected
from
them
each.
Compared
TN
period,
increased
respiratory
rate
(p
<
0.05),
whereas
decreased
yield
0.01)
cows.
Also,
rectal
temperature
had
significantly
0.05)
lower
level
acetic
acid,
propionic
butyric
valeric
TVFA
during
HS
compared
Furthermore,
high-throughput
sequencing
revealed
that
relative
abundance
Bacteroidetes
Prevotella
while
Firmicutes
Christensenellaceae
Clostridium
more
abundant
than
Simultaneously,
dominant
fungi
Ascomycota,
Neocallimastigomycota,
Aspergillus.
Correlation
analysis
also
provided
link
between
altered
microbiota
animal
production.
These
results
suggest
has
negatively
influenced
physiological
parameters,
production,
Changes
fermentation
may
be
associated
better
adaptation
ability
Our
findings
inform
future
research
understand
how
affects
physiology
productivity
cattle
breeding
southern
China
development
mitigation
strategies.
Язык: Английский
Anaeromyces corallioides, sp. nov., a new anaerobic gut fungus from the faeces of cattle
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
75(3)
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
We
report
on
the
isolation
and
characterization
of
three
isolates
anaerobic
gut
fungi
from
a
cattle
faecal
sample
obtained
in
Stillwater,
OK,
USA.
The
produced
polycentric
thalli
with
nucleated
rhizomycelia,
lobed
appressorium-like
structures,
intercalary
sporangia
constricted
sausage-like
hyphae.
These
morphological
features
are
characteristic
members
genus
Anaeromyces
.
No
zoospore
production
was
observed
during
process
or
thereafter.
strains
seemed
to
have
propagated
solely
through
their
hyphae
post
initial
enrichment.
Phylogenetic
analysis
D1/D2
region
large
ribosomal
subunit
(D1/D2
LSU)
rRNA,
intergenic
spacer
1
(ITS1),
RNA
polymerase
II
(RPB1)
comparative
average
amino
acid
identity
using
transcriptomic
datasets
further
confirmed
position
type
strain
as
distinct
member
,
family
Anaeromycetaceae
phylum
Neocallimastigomycota
propose
accommodate
these
into
new
species
(
corallioides
)
within
is
EE.1.
Язык: Английский
Anaerobic gut fungal communities in marsupial hosts
mBio,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2024
The
anaerobic
gut
fungi
(AGF)
inhabit
the
alimentary
tracts
of
herbivores.
In
contrast
to
placental
mammals,
information
regarding
identity,
diversity,
and
community
structure
AGF
in
marsupials
is
extremely
sparse.
Here,
we
characterized
communities
61
fecal
samples
from
10
marsupial
species
belonging
four
families
order
Diprotodontia:
Vombatidae
(wombats),
Phascolarctidae
(koalas),
Phalangeridae
(possums),
Macropodidae
(kangaroos,
wallabies,
pademelons).
An
amplicon-based
diversity
survey
using
D2
region
large
ribosomal
subunit
as
a
phylogenetic
marker
indicated
that
were
dominated
by
eight
genera
commonly
encountered
herbivores
(
Язык: Английский
Evaluating the impact of redox potential on the growth capacity of anaerobic gut fungi
FEMS Microbes,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Abstract
Anaerobic
gut
fungi
(AGF,
Neocallimastigomycota)
inhabit
the
alimentary
tract
of
herbivores.
Although
strict
anaerobes,
studies
have
suggested
their
capacity
to
retain
viability
after
various
durations
air
exposure.
It
is
currently
unclear
whether
AGF
can
actively
grow,
and
not
merely
survive,
in
redox
potentials
(Eh)
higher
than
those
encountered
herbivorous
gut.
We
evaluated
growth
two
strains
(Orpinomyces
joyonii
Testudinimyces
gracilis)
at
Eh
levels,
achieved
by
manipulating
concentrations
reductant
(cysteine
hydrochloride)
culture
media.
Both
exhibited
robust
sustainable
negative
(−50
mV
or
below).
However,
absence
cysteine
hydrochloride
(Eh
value
around
+50
mV)
was
possible
only
for
O.
one
subcultivation.
The
grow
further
confirmed
four
additional
taxa
(Pecoramyces
ruminatium,
Anaeromyces
mucronatus,
Aklioshbmyces
papillarum,
Piromyces
communis),
while
(Aestipascuomyces
dupliciliberans
Capellomyces
foraminis)
failed
under
these
conditions.
Our
results
establish
ability
potential
values
natural
habitats.
Such
capability
could
contribute
efficient
dispersal
horizontal
transmission
between
hosts,
important
implications
industrial
applications
AGF.
Язык: Английский