Global urban population exposure to extreme heat

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 118(41)

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2021

Increased exposure to extreme heat from both climate change and the urban island effect-total warming-threatens sustainability of rapidly growing settlements worldwide. Extreme is highly unequal severely impacts poor. While previous studies have quantified global heat, lack a globally accurate, fine-resolution temporal analysis crucially limits our ability deploy adaptations. Here, we estimate daily population for 13,115 1983 2016. We harmonize global, (0.05°), temperature maxima relative humidity estimates with geolocated longitudinal data. measure average annual rate increase in (person-days/year-1) at regional, national, municipality levels, separating contribution trajectories growth versus total warming. Using maximum wet bulb globe threshold 30 °C, increased nearly 200% Total warming elevated by 52% compared alone. Exposure 46% settlements, which together 2016 comprised 23% planet's (1.7 billion people). However, how drove spatially heterogeneous. This study reinforces importance employing multiple metrics identify local patterns compare trends across geographies. Our results suggest that research underestimates exposure, highlighting urgency targeted adaptations early warning systems reduce harm exposure.

Язык: Английский

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Feasibility assessment of climate change adaptation options across Africa: an evidence-based review

Environmental Research Letters, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 16(7), С. 073004 - 073004

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2021

Abstract Considering the feasibility and effectiveness of adaptation options is essential for guiding responses to climate change that reduce risk. Here, we assessed African context. Using Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative, a stocktake adaptation-related from peer-reviewed literature in 2013–2020, found 827 records actions Africa. We categorised evaluated 24 each option, six dimensions were considered: economic, environmental, social, institutional, technological, evidence effectiveness. Over half (51%) all reported food sector where sustainable water management (SWM) was most option. The fewest cities (5%). majority (53%) recorded just countries: Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria South Encouragingly, as medium or high 95% options. However, no had on any other dimension. Technological institutional factors present major barriers implementation. Crop management, SWM, agricultural practices, agroforestry, livelihood diversification, ecosystem governance planning, health infrastructure built environment, moderate across three more dimensions. Human migration has low but potential risk reduction. Major knowledge gaps exist environmental feasibility, assessing limits at increasing levels hazard, economic trade-offs synergies, Central Northern Our results highlight sectors enablers can be increased. Future assessments apply method established here extend findings national local levels.

Язык: Английский

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Climate Change and Children’s Mental Health: A Developmental Perspective

Clinical Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 10(4), С. 767 - 785

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2021

Climate change is a major global public-health challenge that will have wide-ranging impacts on human psychological health and well-being. Children adolescents are at particular risk because of their rapidly developing brain, vulnerability to disease, limited capacity avoid or adapt threats impacts. They also more likely worry about climate than any other age group. Drawing developmental life-course perspective, we show climate-change-related can additively, interactively, cumulatively increase psychopathology from conception onward; these effects already occurring; they constitute an important threat healthy development worldwide. We then argue monitoring, measuring, mitigating risks matter social justice crucial long-term investment in mental sciences. conclude with discussion conceptual measurement challenges outline research priorities going forward.

Язык: Английский

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Assay of renewable energy transition: A systematic literature review

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 833, С. 155159 - 155159

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Improving the evidence base: A methodological review of the quantitative climate migration literature

Global Environmental Change, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 71, С. 102367 - 102367

Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2021

The question whether and how climatic factors influence human migration has gained both academic public interest in the past years. Based on two meta-analyses, this paper systematically reviews quantitative empirical literature climate-related from a methodological perspective. In total, information 127 original micro- macro-level studies is analyzed to assess different concepts, research designs, analytical methods shape our understanding of climate migration. We provide an overview common approaches present evidence their potential implications for estimation impacts. identify five key challenges, which relate i) measurement ii) events, iii) integration aggregation data, iv) identification causal relationships, v) exploration contextual influences mechanisms. Advances modelling are discussed together with best practice cases guidance researchers studying climate-migration nexus. recommend future employ that relevance reflect local contexts, ensuring high levels comparability transparency.

Язык: Английский

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Climate mobilities: migration, im/mobilities and mobility regimes in a changing climate

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48(14), С. 3365 - 3379

Опубликована: Май 24, 2022

The discussion on the relation between human mobility and climate change has moved beyond linear exceptional terms. Building these debates, this article, Special Issue Climate Mobilities: Migration, im/mobilities mobilities regimes in a changing that it introduces, conceptualises terms of mobilities. Through concept mobilities, we highlight multiplicity context climate, including interrelations immobilities their interplay with other mobile flows, such as ideas, information, or risk. We furthermore delve into politics defining regimes, implications for justice among those whose is impacted by regimes. argue research to pay more attention acts resistance against dominant voluntary re-emplacements challenge mass migration frames imposed relocation policies. articles issue empirically examine dimensions, reflecting plurality its politics, each analysing how evolve situated cultural political context.

Язык: Английский

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Europe

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 1817 - 1928

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023

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Язык: Английский

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Cities and Settlements by the Sea

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. 2163 - 2194

Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2023

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to content, full PDF via the 'Save PDF' action button.

Язык: Английский

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The One Health Concept

British Journal of Biomedical Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 81

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

The concept of One Health has been developed as the appreciation that human health is intricately connected to those other animals and environment they inhabit. In recent years, COVID-19 pandemic noticeable effects climate change have encouraged national international cooperation apply strategies address key issues welfare. United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals established targets for wellbeing, clean water sanitation, action, well sustainability in marine terrestrial ecosystems. Quadripartite comprises World Organization (WHO), Animal (WOAH—formerly OIE), Food Agriculture (FAO) Environment Programme (UNEP). There are six areas focus which Laboratory services, Control zoonotic diseases, Neglected tropical Antimicrobial resistance, safety Environmental health. This article discusses by considering examples infectious diseases environmental under each headings. Biomedical Scientists, Clinical Scientists their colleagues working diagnostic research laboratories a role play applying approach healthcare 21st Century.

Язык: Английский

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Toward a climate mobilities research agenda: Intersectionality, immobility, and policy responses

Global Environmental Change, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 69, С. 102315 - 102315

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2021

Mobility is a key livelihood and risk management strategy, including in the context of climate change. The COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced long standing concerns that migrant populations remain largely overlooked economic development, adaptation to change, spatial planning. We synthesize evidence across multiple studies confirms overwhelming preponderance in-country short distance rather than international migration change hotspots Asia Africa. emerging findings highlight critical importance addressing immobility intersecting social determinants influence who can move cannot development policy. This suggests more focused mobilities research agenda includes understanding drivers mobility multi-directional movement; factors determine for some others; implications under recovery.

Язык: Английский

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