The diverse liver viromes of Australian geckos and skinks are dominated by hepaciviruses and picornaviruses and reflect host taxonomy and habitat

Virus Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Lizards have diverse ecologies and evolutionary histories, represent a promising group to explore how hosts shape virome structure virus evolution. Yet, little is known about the viromes of these animals. In Australia, squamates (lizards snakes) comprise most order vertebrates, Australia highest diversity lizards globally, with greatest breadth habitat use. We used meta-transcriptomic sequencing determine nine co-distributed, tropical lizard species from three taxonomic families in analyzed data identify host traits associated viral abundance diversity. show that carry large viruses, identifying more than thirty novel, highly divergent vertebrate-associated viruses. These viruses were families, including several contain well pathogens, such as Flaviviridae, Picornaviridae, Bornaviridae, Iridoviridae, Rhabdoviridae. Members Flaviviridae particularly abundant across sampled here, largely belonging genus Hepacivirus: fourteen novel hepaciviruses identified, broadening this better defining its evolution by uncovering new reptilian clades. The histories studied here frequently aligned biogeographic phylogenetic hosts, indicating exogenous may help infer history if sampling strategic density high enough. Notably, analysis alpha beta revealed composition richness animals was shaped taxonomy habitat. sum, we identified range reptile broadly contributes our understanding virus-host ecology

Язык: Английский

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Unlocking the Hidden Genetic Diversity of Varicosaviruses, the Neglected Plant Rhabdoviruses

Pathogens, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(10), С. 1127 - 1127

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2022

The genus Varicosavirus is one of six genera plant-infecting rhabdoviruses. Varicosaviruses have non-enveloped, flexuous, rod-shaped virions and a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. A distinguishing feature varicosaviruses, which shared with dichorhaviruses, bi-segmented Before 2017, sole varicosavirus was known characterized, then two more varicosaviruses were identified through high-throughput sequencing in 2017 2018. More recently, the number has substantially increased concert extensive use platforms data mining approaches. novel revealed not only sequence diversity, but also plasticity terms genome architecture, including virus tentatively unsegmented Here, we report discovery 45 genomes publicly available metatranscriptomic data. identification, assembly, curation raw Sequence Read Archive reads resulted 39 viral sequences full-length coding regions 6 nearly complete regions. highlights obtained include eight genomes, are linked to phylogenetic clade associated gymnosperms. These findings most phylogeny date shed new light on relationships evolutionary landscape this group plant Thus, for allowed us unlock hidden genetic diversity largely neglected

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for an ancient aquatic origin of the RNA viral order Articulavirales

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(45)

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2023

The emergence of previously unknown disease-causing viruses in mammals is part the result a long-term evolutionary process. Reconstructing deep phylogenetic histories helps identify major transitions and contextualizes new hosts. We used combination total RNA sequencing transcriptome data mining to extend diversity history virus order Articulavirales, which includes influenza viruses. identified instances Articulavirales invertebrate phylum Cnidaria (including corals), constituting novel divergent family that we provisionally named "Cnidenomoviridae." further extended lineage by identifying four divergent, fish-associated influenza-like viruses, thereby supporting hypothesis fish were among first hosts In addition, substantially expanded quaranjaviruses proposed this genus be reclassified as family-the "Quaranjaviridae." Within putative family, arachnid-infecting genus, "Cheliceravirus." Notably, observed close relationship between Crustacea- Chelicerata-infecting "Quaranjaviridae" inconsistent with virus-host codivergence. Together, these suggest has evolved over at least 600 million years, emerging aquatic animals. Importantly, evolution was likely shaped multiple aquatic-terrestrial substantial host jumps, some are still observable today.

Язык: Английский

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Characterisation of putative novel tick viruses and zoonotic risk prediction

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Tick-associated viruses remain a substantial zoonotic risk worldwide, so knowledge of the diversity tick has potential health consequences. Despite their importance, large amounts sequences in public data sets from meta-genomic and -transcriptomic projects unannotated, sequence that could contain undocumented viruses. Through mining bioinformatic analysis more than 37,800 sets, we found 83 unannotated contigs exhibiting high identity with known These putative viral were classified into three RNA families (Alphatetraviridae, Orthomyxoviridae Chuviridae) one DNA family (Asfarviridae). After manual checking quality dissimilarity towards other set, these reduced to five Alphatetraviridae four viruses, two Chuviridae which clustered tick-associated forming separate clade within families. We further attempted assess previously likely represent risks thus deserve investigation. ranked human infection 133 using genome composition-based machine learning model. high-risk (Langat virus, Lonestar chuvirus 1, Grotenhout Taggert virus Johnston Atoll virus) have not been infect (Nairoviridae Phenuiviridae) proportion This adds highlights importance surveillance newly emerging diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Mapping glycoprotein structure reveals defining events in the evolution of theFlaviviridae

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Summary Viral glycoproteins drive membrane fusion in enveloped viruses and determine host range, tissue tropism pathogenesis. Despite their importance, there is a fragmentary understanding of within the Flaviviridae ; for many species have not yet been identified, others, such as hepaciviruses, molecular mechanisms remain uncharacterised. Here, we combine comprehensive phylogenetic analyses with systematic protein structure prediction to survey across entire . We discover class-II systems, homologous orthoflavivirus E glycoprotein, most species, including highly-divergent jingmenviruses large genome flaviviruses. However, E1E2 hepaci-, pegi- pestiviruses are structurally distinct, may represent novel class mechanism, strictly associated infection vertebrate hosts. By mapping glycoprotein distribution onto underlying phylogeny reveal complex history evolutionary events that shaped diverse virology ecology

Язык: Английский

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