Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14
Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023
Different
strategies
based
on
peptides
are
available
for
cancer
treatment,
in
particular
to
counter-act
the
progression
of
tumor
growth
and
disease
relapse.
In
last
decade,
context
therapeutic
against
cancer,
peptide-based
vaccines
have
been
evaluated
different
models.
The
selected
vaccine
development
can
be
classified
two
main
type:
tumor-associated
antigens
(TAAs)
tumor-specific
(TSAs),
which
captured,
internalized,
processed
presented
by
antigen-presenting
cells
(APCs)
cell-mediated
immunity.
Peptides
loaded
onto
MHC
class
I
recognized
a
specific
TCR
CD8+
T
cells,
activated
exert
their
cytotoxic
activity
presenting
same
peptide-MHC-I
complex.
This
process
is
defined
as
active
immunotherapy
host’s
immune
system
either
de
novo
or
restimulated
mount
an
effective,
reaction
that
may
ultimately
lead
tu-mor
regression.
However,
while
preclinical
data
frequently
shown
encouraging
results,
clinical
trials,
including
those
not
provided
satisfactory
date.
limited
efficacy
consequence
several
factors,
identification
target
antigens,
immunogenicity
highly
immunosuppressive
microenvironment
(TME).
An
effective
developed
only
addressing
all
such
aspects.
present
review
describes
state
art
each
factors.
Cell Death and Disease,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
11(11)
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2020
Abstract
Chemotherapy,
radiation
therapy,
as
well
targeted
anticancer
agents
can
induce
clinically
relevant
tumor-targeting
immune
responses,
which
critically
rely
on
the
antigenicity
of
malignant
cells
and
their
capacity
to
generate
adjuvant
signals.
In
particular,
immunogenic
cell
death
(ICD)
is
accompanied
by
exposure
release
numerous
damage-associated
molecular
patterns
(DAMPs),
altogether
confer
a
robust
adjuvanticity
dying
cancer
cells,
they
favor
recruitment
activation
antigen-presenting
cells.
ICD-associated
DAMPs
include
surface-exposed
calreticulin
(CALR)
secreted
ATP,
annexin
A1
(ANXA1),
type
I
interferon,
high-mobility
group
box
1
(HMGB1).
Additional
hallmarks
ICD
encompass
phosphorylation
eukaryotic
translation
initiation
factor
2
subunit-α
(EIF2S1,
better
known
eIF2α),
autophagy,
global
arrest
in
transcription
translation.
Here,
we
outline
methodological
approaches
for
measuring
markers
vitro
ex
vivo
discovery
next-generation
antineoplastic
agents,
development
personalized
regimens,
identification
optimal
therapeutic
combinations
clinical
management
cancer.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
8(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2023
Abstract
Recent
advances
in
neoantigen
research
have
accelerated
the
development
and
regulatory
approval
of
tumor
immunotherapies,
including
cancer
vaccines,
adoptive
cell
therapy
antibody-based
therapies,
especially
for
solid
tumors.
Neoantigens
are
newly
formed
antigens
generated
by
cells
as
a
result
various
tumor-specific
alterations,
such
genomic
mutation,
dysregulated
RNA
splicing,
disordered
post-translational
modification,
integrated
viral
open
reading
frames.
recognized
non-self
trigger
an
immune
response
that
is
not
subject
to
central
peripheral
tolerance.
The
quick
identification
prediction
neoantigens
been
made
possible
advanced
next-generation
sequencing
bioinformatic
technologies.
Compared
tumor-associated
antigens,
highly
immunogenic
provide
emerging
targets
personalized
serve
prospective
predictors
survival
prognosis
checkpoint
blockade
responses.
therapies
will
be
aided
understanding
mechanism
underlying
neoantigen-induced
anti-tumor
streamlining
process
neoantigen-based
immunotherapies.
This
review
provides
overview
on
characterization
outlines
clinical
applications
immunotherapeutic
strategies
based
neoantigens.
We
also
explore
their
current
status,
inherent
challenges,
translation
potential.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2021
Abstract
The
abnormal
regulation
of
alternative
splicing
is
usually
accompanied
by
the
occurrence
and
development
tumors,
which
would
produce
multiple
different
isoforms
diversify
protein
expression.
aim
present
study
was
to
conduct
a
systematic
review
in
order
describe
regulatory
mechanisms
splicing,
as
well
its
functions
tumor
cells,
from
proliferation
apoptosis
invasion
metastasis,
angiogenesis
metabolism.
events
contributed
progression
oncogenic
drivers
and/or
bystander
factors.
alterations
factors
detected
tumors
other
mis-splicing
(i.e.,
long
non-coding
circular
RNAs)
tumorigenesis
were
also
included.
findings
recent
therapeutic
approaches
targeting
catalysis
proteins
modulate
pathogenically
spliced
(including
tumor-specific
neo-antigens
for
cancer
immunotherapy)
introduced.
emerging
RNA-based
strategies
treatment
with
abnormally
discussed.
However,
further
studies
are
still
required
address
association
between
more
detail.
