Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024
Non-alcoholic
fatty
liver
disease
(NAFLD)
exhibits
increased
lipid
enrichment
in
hepatocytes.
The
spectrum
of
this
includes
stages
such
as
nonalcoholic
simple
(NAFL),
steatohepatitis
(NASH),
and
fibrosis.
Changes
lifestyle
behaviors
have
been
a
major
factor
contributing
to
the
cases
NAFLD
patients
globally.
Therefore,
it
is
imperative
explore
pathogenesis
NAFLD,
identify
therapeutic
targets,
develop
new
strategies
improve
clinical
management
disease.
Immunoregulation
strategy
through
which
organism
recognizes
eliminates
antigenic
foreign
bodies
maintain
physiological
homeostasis.
In
process,
multiple
factors,
including
immune
cells,
signaling
molecules,
cytokines,
play
role
governing
evolution
NAFLD.
This
review
seeks
encapsulate
advancements
research
regarding
regulation
spanning
from
underlying
mechanisms
practical
applications.
CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
74(2), С. 187 - 202
Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2023
The
progression
of
cancer
involves
a
critical
step
in
which
malignant
cells
escape
from
control
by
the
immune
system.
Antineoplastic
agents
are
particularly
efficient
when
they
succeed
restoring
such
(immunosurveillance)
or
at
least
establish
an
equilibrium
state
that
slows
down
disease
progression.
This
is
true
not
only
for
immunotherapies,
as
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
but
also
conventional
chemotherapy,
targeted
anticancer
agents,
and
radiation
therapy.
Thus,
therapeutics
stress
kill
while
provoking
tumor-targeting
response,
referred
to
immunogenic
cell
death,
useful
combination
with
ICIs.
Modern
oncology
regimens
increasingly
using
combinations,
chemoimmunotherapy,
well
combinations
multiple
However,
latter
generally
associated
severe
side
effects
compared
single-agent
Of
note,
success
these
combinatorial
strategies
against
locally
advanced
metastatic
cancers
now
spurring
successful
attempts
move
them
past
postoperative
(adjuvant)
setting
preoperative
(neoadjuvant)
setting,
even
patients
operable
cancers.
Here,
authors
critically
discuss
importance
immunosurveillance
modern
clinical
management.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2023
Abstract
Natural
living
materials
serving
as
biotherapeutics
exhibit
great
potential
for
treating
various
diseases
owing
to
their
immunoactivity,
tissue
targeting,
and
other
biological
activities.
In
this
review,
the
recent
developments
in
engineered
materials,
including
mammalian
cells,
bacteria,
viruses,
fungi,
microalgae,
plants,
active
derivatives
that
are
used
summarized.
Further,
future
perspectives
challenges
of
such
material‐based
discussed
provide
considerations
advances
biomedical
applications.
Nature Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
29(8), С. 2068 - 2078
Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023
Abstract
Overall
survival
(OS)
benefits
of
neoadjuvant
immunotherapy
remain
elusive
in
locally
advanced
esophageal
squamous
cell
carcinomas
(ESCC).
Here,
we
reported
the
results
a
phase
1b
trial
PD-L1
blockade
with
adebrelimab
resectable
ESCC.
Patients
received
two
doses
followed
by
surgery.
The
primary
endpoints
were
safety
and
feasibility;
secondary
included
pathologic
complete
response
(pCR)
OS.
Our
data
showed
feasibility
had
been
met.
Common
treatment-related
adverse
events
anorexia
(32%)
fatigue
(16%),
without
grade
3
or
more
events.
Of
30
patients
enrolled
trial,
25
underwent
successful
resection
surgery
delay
24%
major
responses
including
pCR
rate
8%.
2-year
OS
was
92%.
Responsive
an
immune-enriched
tumor
microenvironment
phenotype,
whereas
nonresponsive
greater
infiltration
cancer-associated
fibroblasts
at
baseline.
Clonotypic
dynamics
pre-existing
intratumoral
T
cells
hallmark
responsive
patients.
These
findings
provide
rational
for
anti-PD-L1
monotherapy
as
therapeutic
strategy
ClinicalTrials.gov
identifier:
NCT04215471
.
Accounts of Materials Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(4), С. 438 - 452
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
ConspectusAptamers
are
single-stranded
DNA
or
RNA
molecules
composed
of
15–80
nucleotides,
obtained
from
a
random
oligonucleotide
library
via
the
systematic
evolution
ligands
by
exponential
enrichment
(SELEX)
technology.
They
can
bind
to
wide
range
targets
with
high
binding
affinity
and
specificity
including
metal
ions,
small
molecules,
proteins,
cells,
even
tissues.
When
compared
commonly
used
antibodies,
aptamers
show
better
thermal
stability,
smaller
molecular
weight,
easier
modification,
little
batch-to-batch
variation
chemical
synthesis.
These
unique
merits
position
as
promising
tools
in
biomedical
applications,
spanning
biosensing,
bioimaging,
disease
diagnosis,
targeted
chemotherapy,
cancer
immunotherapy.
However,
chemically
synthesized
oligonucleotides,
would
be
degraded
nucleic
acid
degrading
enzymes
(e.g.,
endonucleases
exonucleases)
presented
blood
circulation,
thereby
reducing
stability
activity.
Another
limitation
is
rapid
clearance
liver
kidneys,
their
circulation
life
bioavailability.
Recent
progress
nanotechnology
has
garnered
global
interest,
emerging
interdisciplinary
applications
across
chemistry,
materials,
biology,
medicine.
The
fundamental
self-assemblies
dynamic
operation
Watson–Crick
base
pairing
assisted
silico
programmable
design.
As
functional
building
blocks,
inherently
enable
great
potential
bioanalysis,
drug
delivery,
Therefore,
aptamer-based
arouse
important
interests
future
research.As
medicine
offered
personalized
precise
diagnostic
therapeutic
solutions,
this
Account,
we
focus
on
research
advancements
leveraging
aptamer
for
medicine,
particularly
our
recent
progress.
Often
referred
bioanalysis
therapeutics.
Thus,
two
parts
discussed
Account:
initially,
discuss
modifications
cyclization
nucleotide
backbone
engineering.
aptamer-tethered
nanostructures
then
were
constructed
cell
identification
bioanalysis.
To
perform
intelligent
detailed
three
formulations
aptamer-involved
computation.
In
last
part,
chemotherapy
Based
covalent
coupling
strategy,
report
series
conjugates.
Similarly,
employing
circular
bivalent
conjugates
discussed.
Next,
molecule
delivery
systems
encounter
challenges
related
insufficient
biological
terms
vulnerability
enzyme
cleavage
short
time
vivo,
nanomedicines
introduced
chemotherapy.
immunotherapy
section
includes
tumor
vaccines,
adoptive
immunotherapy,
immune
checkpoint
blockade.
Finally,
propose
opportunities
bioapplications
nanotechnology.
Cellular and Molecular Immunology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(10), С. 1089 - 1108
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024
Abstract
In
the
past
decade,
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)-T
cell
therapy
has
emerged
as
a
promising
immunotherapeutic
approach
for
combating
cancers,
demonstrating
remarkable
efficacy
in
relapsed/refractory
hematological
malignancies
both
pediatric
and
adult
patients.
CAR-natural
killer
(CAR-NK)
complements
CAR-T
by
offering
several
distinct
advantages.
CAR-NK
cells
do
not
require
HLA
compatibility
exhibit
low
safety
concerns.
Moreover,
are
conducive
to
“off-the-shelf”
therapeutics,
providing
significant
logistic
advantages
over
cells.
Both
have
shown
consistent
results
malignancies.
However,
their
against
solid
tumors
remains
limited
due
various
obstacles
including
tumor
trafficking
infiltration,
well
an
immuno-suppressive
microenvironment.
this
review,
we
discuss
recent
advances
current
challenges
of
immunotherapies,
with
specific
focus
on
application
tumors.
We
also
analyze
depth
drawbacks
compared
highlight
CAR
optimization.
Finally,
explore
future
perspectives
these
adoptive
highlighting
increasing
contribution
cutting-edge
biotechnological
tools
shaping
next
generation
cellular
immunotherapy.
Cancer Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
42(7), С. 1268 - 1285.e7
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
Expanding
the
efficacy
of
immune
checkpoint
blockade
(ICB)
in
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
presses
for
a
comprehensive
understanding
treatment
responsiveness.
Here,
we
analyze
multiple
sequential
single-cell
samples
from
22
patients
undergoing
PD-1
to
map
evolution
local
and
systemic
immunity
CRC
patients.
In
tumors,
identify
coordinated
cellular
programs
exhibiting
distinct
response
associations.
Specifically,
exhausted
T
(Tex)
or
tumor-reactive-like
CD8+
(Ttr-like)
cells
are
closely
related
efficacy,
Tex
show
correlated
proportion
changes
with
other
tumor-enriched
cell
types
following
blockade.
addition,
reveal
less-exhausted
phenotype
blood-associated
Ttr-like
tumors
find
that
their
higher
abundance
suggests
better
outcomes.
Finally,
major
histocompatibility
complex
(MHC)
II-related
signature
circulating
at
baseline
is
linked
superior
responses.
Our
study
provides
insights
into
spatiotemporal
dynamics
neoadjuvant
CRC.
