T Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2

Annual Review of Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 41(1), С. 343 - 373

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2023

A large body of evidence generated in the last two and a half years addresses roles T cells SARS-CoV-2 infection following vaccination. Infection or vaccination induces multi-epitope CD4 CD8 cell responses with polyfunctionality. Early have been associated mild COVID-19 outcomes. In concert animal model data, these results suggest that while antibody are key to prevent infection, may also play valuable reducing disease severity controlling infection. memory after is sustained for at least six months. While neutralizing impacted by variants, most preserved. This review highlights extensive progress made, data knowledge gaps remain, our understanding vaccines.

Язык: Английский

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Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diabetes mellitus: A systematic review

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2022

To evaluate the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) through a systematic approach.A comprehensive search was conducted PubMed, Scopus, and Web Science no time restrictions. The based on three main concepts: Covid-19, Vaccine Diabetes Mellitus.After excluding irrelevant studies, 16 studies remained for quantitative assay. Among sixteen eleven had controls. Type specifically mentioned six (T2DM; n=4, T1DM T2DM; n=2). Twelve included were that mRNA (i.e. BNT162b2 mRNA-1273) DM, five vector-based Ad5-nCoV ChAdOx1-S), assessed including inactivated BBV-152, CoronaVac, Sinopharm or SinoVac). Most current indicate lower antibody response DM compared to individuals without after second dose vaccine irrespective type. Several have shown higher age BMI are associated response, while optimum glycemic control GFR among DM.Immunogenicity has mostly been reported be healthy There also few assessing variables significantly affect this association, age, type diabetes, BMI, eGFR. Investigating these associations could help us provide most advantageous condition before, during vaccination response. Many unresolved issues concerning potential factors affecting immunogenicity, vaccine, numbers administered doses, re-vaccination intervals hyperglycemia need addressed future research.

Язык: Английский

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Vaccine schedule recommendations and updates for patients with hematologic malignancy post‐hematopoietic cell transplant or CAR T‐cell therapy

Transplant Infectious Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 25(S1)

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2023

Abstract Revaccination after receipt of a hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) or cellular therapies is pillar patient supportive care, with the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality linked vaccine‐preventable infections. This review synthesizes national, international, expert consensus vaccination schedules post‐HCT presents evidence regarding efficacy newer vaccine formulations for pneumococcus, recombinant zoster vaccine, coronavirus disease 2019 in patients hematological malignancy. post‐cellular are less well defined. highlights important considerations around poor response, seroprevalence preservation therapies, optimal timing revaccination. Future research should assess immunogenicity real‐world effectiveness new and/or therapy, including analysis response that relates target therapies.

Язык: Английский

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How I treat and prevent COVID-19 in patients with hematologic malignancies and recipients of cellular therapies

Blood, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 140(7), С. 673 - 684

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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A Mn Al double adjuvant nanovaccine to induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 358, С. 190 - 203

Опубликована: Май 4, 2023

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. e006246 - e006246

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) can cause off-target inflammatory and immune-related adverse events (irAE). Conceivably, COVID-19 vaccination could trigger an immune response that induce or aggravate irAE. Methods The objective of this systematic review is to appraise the efficacy safety in patients with cancer treated ICI. literature search was performed PubMed Embase English from December 2019 February 2022. included clinical trials, observational cohort studies, case series, reports reporting on vaccines Outcomes interest seroconversion, SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, severe COVID-19, mortality rate. Incidence ICI irAEs also ascertained as well vaccine events. A meta-analysis conducted estimate pooled effect sizes outcomes when possible, using random effects models. Results Overall, 19 studies were for analysis (n=10 865 2477 receiving ICI). We analyzed 15 1 cross-sectional study, 3 reports. There no statistically significant differences seroconversion rates after second dose comparing without (risk ratio, RR 0.97, 95% CI 0.92 1.03) active treatment (RR 1.00, 0.96 1.04). a higher probability compared chemotherapy 1.09, 1.00 1.18). In single study ICI, observed risk irAE between those inactivated unvaccinated (pneumonitis 0.88, 0.33 2.3; rash 1.03, 0.66 1.62; arthralgia 0.94, 0.51 1.75). other types vaccinated vs not most common vaccine-related local pain fatigue. quality evidence rated very low. Conclusion appears be effective safe

Язык: Английский

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Outpatient treatment with concomitant vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma for patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19

mBio, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

Although severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hospitalization associated with COVID-19 are generally preventable among healthy vaccine recipients, patients immunosuppression have poor immunogenic responses to vaccines remain at high risk of infection SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization. In addition, monoclonal antibody therapy is limited by the emergence novel variants that serially escaped neutralization. this context, there interest in understanding clinical benefit convalescent plasma collected from persons who been both naturally infected vaccinated against ("vax-plasma"). Thus, we report outcome 386 immunocompromised outpatients were diagnosed received contemporary COVID-19-specific therapeutics (standard-of-care group) a subgroup also concomitant treatment very titer (vax-plasma specific focus on rates. The overall rate was 2.2% (5 225 patients) vax-plasma group 6.2% (10 161 standard-of-care group, which corresponded relative reduction 65% (

Язык: Английский

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Immunogenicity after second and third mRNA-1273 vaccination doses in patients receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or both for solid tumours

The Lancet Oncology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(7), С. 833 - 835

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Vaccine-boosted convalescent plasma therapy for patients with immunosuppression and COVID-19

Blood Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 6(23), С. 5951 - 5955

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Potent high-avidity neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses after COVID-19 vaccination in individuals with B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma

Nature Cancer, Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 21, 2022

Abstract Individuals with hematologic malignancies are at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet profound analyses of COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity scarce. Here we present an observational study expanded methodological analysis a longitudinal, primarily BNT162b2 mRNA-vaccinated cohort 60 infection-naive individuals B cell lymphomas and multiple myeloma. We show that many these individuals, despite markedly lower anti-spike IgG titers, rapidly develop potent infection neutralization capacities against several acute respiratory syndrome 2 variants concern (VoCs). The observed capacity per antibody unit was paralleled by early step increase in avidity between the second third vaccination. All malignancies, including those depleted cells myeloma, exhibited robust T response to peptides derived from spike protein VoCs Delta Omicron (BA.1). Consistently, breakthrough infections were mainly mild moderate severity. conclude vaccination can induce broad antiviral ultrapotent neutralizing antibodies high different malignancies.

Язык: Английский

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