World Journal of Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(2)
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025
BACKGROUND
Depression
is
a
prevalent
affective
disorder,
but
its
pathophysiology
remains
unclear.
Dysfunction
in
the
gamma-aminobutyric
acid
(GABA)-ergic
system
may
contribute
to
onset.
Recently,
antidepressants
(e.g.,
brexanolone,
zuranolone)
targeting
GABA-A
receptor
were
introduced.
The
zona
incerta
(ZI),
an
inhibitory
subthalamic
region
mainly
composed
of
GABAergic
neurons,
has
been
implicated
emotional
regulation.
Deep
brain
stimulation
ZI
humans
affects
anxiety
and
depression
symptoms,
while
activation
neurons
mice
can
either
worsen
or
alleviate
anxiety.
Currently,
there
no
direct
evidence
linking
depression-like
behaviors
rodents.
AIM
To
explore
relationship
between
mice.
METHODS
A
chronic
restraint
stress
(CRS)
model
was
utilized
induce
Whole-cell
patch-clamp
recordings
assessed
excitability
changes
ZI.
Additionally,
chemogenetic
techniques
employed
modulate
neurons.
performance
behavioral
tests
for
observed.
RESULTS
findings
indicated
that
closely
associated
with
Twenty-eight
days
after
CRS
established,
anxiety-like
observed
reduced.
Chemogenetic
these
alleviated
CRS-induced
behaviors.
Conversely,
inhibition
led
emotion-related
outcomes
CONCLUSION
Activity
phenotypes
mice,
suggesting
could
be
potential
therapeutic
target
treating
depression.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(5), С. 423 - 423
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
The
involvement
of
central
and
peripheral
inflammation
in
the
pathogenesis
prognosis
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
has
been
demonstrated.
increase
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
(interleukin
(IL)-1β,
IL-6,
IL-18,
TNF-α)
individuals
with
depression
may
elicit
neuroinflammatory
processes
inflammation,
mechanisms
that,
turn,
can
contribute
to
gut
microbiota
dysbiosis.
Together,
neuroinflammation
dysbiosis
induce
alterations
tryptophan
metabolism,
culminating
decreased
serotonin
synthesis,
impairments
neuroplasticity-related
mechanisms,
glutamate-mediated
excitotoxicity.
This
review
aims
highlight
inflammatory
(neuroinflammation,
dysbiosis)
involved
pathophysiology
MDD
explore
novel
anti-inflammatory
therapeutic
approaches
for
this
psychiatric
disturbance.
Several
lines
evidence
have
indicated
that
addition
antidepressants,
physical
exercise,
probiotics,
nutraceuticals
(agmatine,
ascorbic
acid,
vitamin
D)
possess
effects
their
antidepressant
properties.
Further
studies
are
necessary
benefits
these
alternative
therapies
MDD.
Translational Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024
Abstract
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
characterized
by
a
multitude
of
psychopathological
symptoms
including
affective,
cognitive,
perceptual,
sensorimotor,
and
social.
The
neuronal
mechanisms
underlying
such
co-occurrence
remain
yet
unclear.
Rather
than
linking
localizing
single
to
specific
regions
or
networks,
this
perspective
proposes
more
global
dynamic
topographic
approach.
We
first
review
recent
findings
on
brain
activity
changes
during
both
rest
task
states
in
MDD
showing
reorganization
with
shift
from
unimodal
transmodal
regions.
Next,
we
out
two
candidate
that
may
underlie
mediate
abnormal
uni-/transmodal
topography,
namely
shifts
shorter
longer
timescales
abnormalities
the
excitation-inhibition
balance.
Finally,
show
how
relates
various
their
co-occurrence.
This
amounts
what
describe
as
‘Topographic
reorganization’
which
extends
our
earlier
‘Resting
state
hypothesis
depression’
complements
other
models
MDD.
AJP Cell Physiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
327(1), С. C205 - C212
Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2024
Major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
affects
millions
of
individuals
worldwide,
leading
to
considerable
social
and
economic
costs.
Despite
advancements
in
pharmacological
treatments,
achieving
remission
remains
a
key
challenge,
with
substantial
number
patients
showing
resistance
existing
therapies.
This
is
often
associated
elevated
levels
proinflammatory
cytokines,
suggesting
connection
between
inflammation,
MDD
pathophysiology,
treatment
efficacy.
The
observation
increased
immune
activation
about
quarter
resulted
the
distinction
inflammatory
noninflammatory
endotypes.
Although
anti-inflammatory
treatments
show
promise
alleviating
depression-like
symptoms,
responses
are
heterogeneous,
thus
highlighting
importance
identifying
distinct
endotypes
tailor
effective
therapeutic
strategies.
intestinal
microbiome
emerges
as
crucial
modulator
mental
health,
mediating
its
effects
partially
through
different
pathways.
Microbiota-derived
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
significantly
impact
innate
adaptive
cells,
regulating
their
differentiation,
function,
cellular
response.
Furthermore,
gut-educated
cells
reach
border
regions
central
nervous
system
(CNS),
glial
cell
functions.
CNS
modulates
via
efferent
parts
vagus
nerve,
afferent
tracts
concurrently
transport
information
on
peripheral
inflammation
back
brain.
bidirectional
communication
particularly
relevant
depression,
allowing
for
stimulation
nerve
context
depression
In
this
review,
we
explore
intricate
relationship
discuss
how
signals
translated
into
depressive-like
highlight
immune-modulating
avenues.
Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(8), С. 638 - 638
Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2024
Depression,
a
significant
mental
health
disorder,
is
under
intense
research
scrutiny
to
uncover
its
molecular
foundations.
Epigenetics,
which
focuses
on
controlling
gene
expression
without
altering
DNA
sequences,
offers
promising
avenues
for
innovative
treatment.
This
review
explores
the
pivotal
role
of
epigenetics
in
depression,
emphasizing
two
key
aspects:
(I)
identifying
epigenetic
targets
new
antidepressants
and
(II)
using
personalized
medicine
based
distinct
profiles,
highlighting
potential
focal
points
such
as
methylation,
histone
structure
alterations,
non-coding
RNA
molecules
miRNAs.
Variations
methylation
individuals
with
depression
provide
opportunities
target
genes
that
are
associated
neuroplasticity
synaptic
activity.
Aberrant
acetylation
may
indicate
antidepressant
strategies
involve
enzyme
modifications.
Modulating
miRNA
levels
can
reshape
depression-linked
expression.
The
second
section
discusses
profiles.
Analyzing
these
patterns
could
identify
biomarkers
treatment
response
susceptibility
facilitating
tailored
treatments
proactive
care.
Addressing
ethical
concerns
regarding
information,
privacy
stigmatization,
crucial
understanding
biological
basis
depression.
Therefore,
researchers
must
consider
issues
when
examining
disorders.
importance
critical
aspect
modern
medical
research.
These
findings
hold
great
novel
medications
treatments,
would
significantly
improve
patient
outcomes,
transform
psychiatry.
As
progresses,
it
expected
more
complex
aspects
processes
enhance
our
comprehension,
increase
effectiveness
therapies.
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
While
the
physical
health
effects
of
obesity
are
well-characterized,
an
emerging
branch
research
has
shown
that
additionally
plays
a
critical
role
in
one's
mental
health.
Young
adults,
pivotal
transition
phase
their
lives,
may
be
particularly
prone
to
concurrent
and
adverse
outcomes.
The
purpose
this
review
is
comprehensively
examine
existing
data
regarding
connection
between
two
widely
validated
measures
health:
psychological
distress
depression.
outcomes
mediated
by
complex
interplay
biological
sociocultural
factors,
which
explored
with
particular
focus
on
younger
adults
aged
20-39.
Further,
impact
several
demographic
factors
including
race/ethnicity,
gender,
immigration
status
examined
closely.
To
our
knowledge,
one
first
efforts
integrate
knowledge
health,
regard
for
young
other
key
sociodemographic
characteristics.
This
important
implications
at
interface
most
pressing
public
crises
United
States.
Microbial Biotechnology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Advancing
microbiome–gut–brain
axis
science
requires
systematic,
rational
and
translational
approaches
to
bridge
the
critical
knowledge
gaps
currently
preventing
full
exploitation
of
gut
microbiome
as
a
tractable
therapeutic
target
for
gastrointestinal,
mental
brain
health.
Current
research
is
still
marked
by
many
open
questions
that
undermine
widespread
application
humans.
For
example,
lack
mechanistic
understanding
probiotic
effects
means
it
remains
unclear
why
even
apparently
closely
related
strains
exhibit
different
in
vivo.
live
microbial
psychobiotics,
consensus
on
their
adjunct
treatments
conventional
neuromodulators,
use
unmedicated
populations
or
at‐risk
cohorts
with
sub‐clinical
symptomatology
warranted.
This
missing
information
both
sides
equation
when
treating
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
conditions
makes
psychobiotic
challenging,
especially
compared
other
pharmaceutical
functional
food
approaches.
Expediting
transition
from
positive
preclinical
data
proven
benefits
humans
includes
interpreting
promises
pitfalls
animal
behavioural
assays,
well
navigating
mechanism‐informed
decision
making
select
right
microbe(s)
job.
In
this
review,
we
consider
how
these
decisions
can
be
supported
light
accrued
range
clinical
studies
across
healthy,
pathological
study
populations,
where
specific
have
been
evaluated
context
gastrointestinal
physiology,
function
behaviour.
Examples
successful,
partial
unsuccessful
translation
bench
bedside
are
considered.
We
also
discuss
developments
silico
analyses
enhanced
our
moved
towards
pinpointing
host–microbe
interactions
most
important
optimal
gut–brain
function.
Combining
assays
vitro
ex
vivo
domains
incorporating
model
organisms
prime
discovery
pipelines
promising
rationally
selected
candidates.
Psychological Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
55
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Abstract
Partial
remission
after
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD)
is
common
and
a
robust
predictor
of
relapse.
However,
it
remains
unclear
to
which
extent
preventive
psychological
interventions
reduce
symptomatology
relapse
risk
partial
remission.
We
aimed
identify
variables
predicting
determine
whether,
for
whom,
are
effective
in
preventing
relapse,
reducing
(residual)
symptoms,
increasing
quality
life
among
individuals
This
preregistered
(CRD42023463468)
systematic
review
individual
participant
data
meta-analysis
(IPD-MA)
pooled
from
16
randomized
controlled
trials
(
n
=
705
remitters)
comparing
control
conditions,
using
1-
2-stage
IPD-MA.
Among
remitters,
baseline
clinician-rated
symptoms
p
.005)
prior
episodes
.012)
predicted
Psychological
were
associated
with
reduced
over
12
months
(hazard
ratio
[HR]
0.60,
95%
confidence
interval
[CI]
0.43–0.84),
significantly
lowered
posttreatment
(Hedges’
g
0.29,
CI
0.04–0.54),
sustained
effects
at
60
weeks
0.33,
0.06–0.59),
compared
nonpsychological
interventions.
did
not
improve
0.26,
-0.06
0.58).
No
moderators
prevention
efficacy
found.
Men,
older
individuals,
those
higher
symptom
severity
experienced
greater
reductions
weeks.
partially
remitted
depression
residual
symptomatology,
generalizing
across
patient
characteristics
treatment
types.
suggests
that
recommended
option
this
population.
