Plant-Derived Antimicrobials and Their Crucial Role in Combating Antimicrobial Resistance

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(8), С. 746 - 746

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024

Antibiotic resistance emerged shortly after the discovery of first antibiotic and has remained a critical public health issue ever since. Managing in clinical settings continues to be challenging, particularly with rise superbugs, or bacteria resistant multiple antibiotics, known as multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. This rapid development compelled researchers continuously seek new antimicrobial agents curb resistance, despite shrinking pipeline drugs. Recently, focus shifted plants, fungi, lichens, endophytes, various marine sources, such seaweeds, corals, other microorganisms, due their promising properties. For this review, an extensive search was conducted across scientific databases, including PubMed, Elsevier, ResearchGate, Scopus, Google Scholar, encompassing publications from 1929 2024. review provides concise overview mechanisms employed by develop followed in-depth exploration plant secondary metabolites potential solution MDR pathogens. In recent years, interest plant-based medicines surged, driven advantageous However, additional research is essential fully understand action verify safety phytochemicals. Future prospects for enhancing use combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens will also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Dual-Locked Fluorescence Probe for Monitoring the Dynamic Transition of Pulmonary Macrophages

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Pulmonary macrophages undergo dynamic changes in population, proportion, and polarization during respiratory diseases. Monitoring these is critical for understanding their roles pathology, improving the diagnosis, guiding drug development. However, current analytic methods based on tissue biopsy are invasive static, limiting ability to provide such information. Herein, we report a dual-locked macrophage-specific renal-clearable probe (DMRPNOCas) monitoring of pulmonary influenza A virus (IAV) infection. DMRPNOCas activates fluorescence presence two biomarkers (caspase-1 NO) only coexpressed by M1 macrophages. To optimize NO reactivity, scaffold screened from hemicyanine derivatives with an o-phenylenediamine group positioned differently indole ring. Notably, para-substituted demonstrates higher NO-activated compared its meta-substituted counterpart. This enhancement, as revealed quantum chemical calculations, attributed differential inhibition twisted intramolecular charge transfer induced reaction. specifically distinguishes other leukocytes including T cells, neutrophils, M2 macrophages, capability unmatched single-locked control probes reported probes. Consequently, enables vivo uncovering extensive recruitment monocyte-derived within 48 h IAV process accompanied significant reduction alveolar These findings new insights into macrophage-mediated inflammation underscore potential precise diagnosis pathological processes.

Язык: Английский

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Inhibitors of NADH–O-methylquinone compound a class of antitubercular drugs

Molecular Diversity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2025

Язык: Английский

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GrcC1 mediates low-level resistance to multiple drugs in M. marinum , M. abscessus, and M. smegmatis

Microbiology Spectrum, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

ABSTRACT The escalating threat of mycobacterial infectious diseases, particularly those caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), poses a serious challenge to public health. Linezolid (LZD), an oxazolidinone antimicrobial, exhibits potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and NTM. Generally, mutations in the rrl rplC genes are widely associated with resistance LZD. However, this study, we screened marinum strains lacking such mutations, indicating presence alternative mechanism. Notably, through whole-genome sequencing, identified novel mutation C395T MMAR_0911 ( grcC1 ) gene that has never been linked drug resistance. This leads A132V substitution encoded protein, polyprenyl diphosphate synthase potentially involved synthesis cell wall components menaquinones. We found overexpression multiple drugs including LZD, clarithromycin (CLR), vancomycin (VAN), clofazimine (CFZ), rifampicin (RIF), cefoxitin (CEF), levofloxacin (LEV), moxifloxacin (MXF) reduced permeability, while silence knockout showed increased permeability susceptibility these drugs. Using CRISPR/Cpf1-assisted editing, confirmed conferred low-level aforementioned abscessus smegmatis . Furthermore, thin-layer chromatography analysis indicated glycolipid polarity mutant strains, suggesting impact on envelope integrity. Our findings suggest GrcC1 contributes reducing highlighting its potential as target for antimicrobial agents diagnostic marker. IMPORTANCE study uncovers mechanism mycobacteria, focusing previously uncharacterized gene. new mutation, A132V, GrcC1, which is component menaquinone production. not only linezolid but also broad range drugs, clarithromycin, vancomycin, rifampicin. Through advanced techniques like CRISPR interference demonstrated plays critical role across species. These represent first connection between resistance, offering insights into combating infections (NTM). work highlights therapeutic approaches marker drug-resistant NTM infections.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluating the Efficacy of Capreomycin and Levofloxacin Combination Therapy in Multidrug‐Resistant Tuberculosis Patients

Apmis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 133(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Capreomycin (CMN) paired with levofloxacin (LEV) was tested in patients multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-PTB) for efficacy and immune function. The control group (40 cases) received conventional treatment the observation CMN combined LEV were established. Three months of intensification therapy eighteen consolidation performed. therapeutic effects (sputum negative conversion, lesion absorption, cavity shrinkage, total effective rates), CD4+, CD8+, immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgM, IgG, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (ALT), alanine (AST) assessed. Adverse reactions compared. After treatment, performed at a higher sputum conversion rate, absorption shrinkage rate than group; IgA, IL-17 increased IL-6, TNF-α decreased both groups, all them improved significantly ALP, ALT, AST elevated but differences between groups comparable. is highly MDR-PTB patients, enhancing function reducing inflammation while having minimal on liver

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the evolutionary dynamics of second-line Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug resistance in Tanzania using hypercubic modelling and the Baum–Welch algorithm

Scientific African, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. e02627 - e02627

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Impact of Patient-Centered Care on Treatment Outcomes of Multidrug-Resistant/Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in Xi’an

Infection and Drug Resistance, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 18, С. 1425 - 1437

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

A hospital in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China, implemented patient-centered care services to improve the treatment outcomes of patients with multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Given high recurrence rate and challenges this disease, study aimed evaluate effects compared standard improving patient adherence reducing loss follow-up. This single-center retrospective cohort included tuberculosis diagnosed treated at Xi'an Tuberculosis Prevention Treatment Hospital from January 2018 December 2019. Descriptive statistics, survival analysis, multivariate Cox regression analysis were used analyze impact on adherence. Data collection patients' demographic characteristics, clinical data, outcomes, reasons for total 429 final 166 standard-of-care group 263 group. The success (86.3%) was significantly higher than (59.0%), follow-up lower (6.8% vs 30.1%). Multivariate showed that reduced risk (adjusted odds ratio 0.14). main economic difficulties, lack knowledge, inadequate social support. model improved patients, demonstrating potential benefits managing drug-resistant Based these findings, exploring optimizing other high-burden areas is recommended enhance overall quality life patients.

Язык: Английский

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New Oxazolidinones for Tuberculosis: Are Novel Treatments on the Horizon?

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(6), С. 818 - 818

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global health concern. Standard treatment involves the use of linezolid, repurposed oxazolidinone. It associated with severe adverse effects, including myelosuppression and mitochondrial toxicity. As such, it imperative to identify novel alternatives that are better tolerated but equally or more effective. Therefore, this review aims explore alternative oxazolidinones potentially replace linezolid in management TB. The keywords were searched PubMed eligible compounds. individual drug compounds then term relevant vitro, vivo clinical studies. search identified sutezolid, tedizolid, delpazolid, eperezolid, radezolid, contezolid, posizolid TBI-223, addition linezolid. An additional resulted 32 preclinical 21 All except eperezolid positive outcomes. Sutezolid delpazolid completed early phase 2 studies safety equal superior efficacy. Linezolid expected continue as mainstay therapy, renewed interest monitoring. Sutezolid, TBI-223 displayed promising preliminary results. Further would be required assess profiles optimize dosing regimens.

Язык: Английский

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Mycobacterial Biofilm: Mechanisms, Clinical Problems, and Treatments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7771 - 7771

Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a threat to human health worldwide.

Язык: Английский

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Antituberculosis, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of Schiff base derived from 2,3-diaminophenazine moiety and its metal(II) complexes: structural elucidation, computational aspects, and biological evaluation

Reviews in Inorganic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июль 29, 2024

Abstract Enticed by the present scenario of infectious diseases, four new Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) complexes Schiff base ligand were synthesized from 6,6′-((1E-1′E)(phenazine-2,3-dielbis(azanylidene)-bis-(methanylidene)-bis-(3-(diethylamino)phenol)) ( H 2 L ) to ascertain as effective drug for antituberculosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic antimicrobial activities. The organic its metal(II) characterized numerous physical spectroscopic methods, which showed that have a general formula, [ ML ], (where M = Co(II) C1 ), Ni(II) C2 Cu(II) C3 C4 )), metal been proposed square planar geometry, are amorphous in nature, thermally stable. Data highlight obtained activity testing against tuberculosis, inflammation, oxidants all compounds significantly active these symptoms. Also, was evaluate effectiveness various bacterial fungal strains. Specifically, strains Bacillus subtilis , Staphylococcus aureus Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa two Aspergillus flavus Candida albicans tested compared results some standard drugs. revealed compound more than comparison In addition, found be most antibiotics fungi, while other moderate antifungal activity. Moreover, support vitro results, certain computational studies molecular docking studies, DFT, MESP, AMEDT also conducted confirm an tuberculosis. These is tuberculosis has desirable effects such absorption, no degradation hepatotoxicity, etc.

Язык: Английский

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