Circulating Tumor DNA Enables Sensitive Detection of Actionable Gene Fusions and Rearrangements Across Cancer Types

Clinical Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(4), С. 836 - 848

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

Abstract Purpose: Genomic rearrangements can generate potent oncogenic drivers or disrupt tumor suppressor genes. This study examines the landscape of fusions and detected by liquid biopsy (LBx) circulating DNA (ctDNA) across different cancer types. Experimental Design: LBx from 53,842 patients with 66 solid types were profiled using FoundationOneLiquid CDx, a hybrid-capture sequencing platform that queries 324 cancer-related Tissue biopsies (TBx) FoundationOneCDx used as comparator. Results: Among all LBx, 7,377 (14%) had ≥1 pathogenic rearrangement detected. A total 3,648 (6.8%) gain-of-function (GOF) oncogene rearrangement, 4,428 (8.2%) loss-of-function Cancer higher prevalence GOF included those canonical fusion drivers: prostate (19%), cholangiocarcinoma (6.4%), bladder (5.5%), non–small cell lung (4.4%). Although driver was lower in than TBx overall, frequency detection comparable fraction (TF) ≥1%. Rearrangements FGFR2, BRAF, RET, ALK, types, but tended to be clonal variants some potential acquired resistance others. Conclusions: In contrast prior literature, this reports wide variety ctDNA. The tissue when TF presents viable alternative is not available, there may less value confirmatory testing sufficient.

Язык: Английский

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CircKIAA0182 Enhances Lung Cancer Progression and Chemoresistance through Interaction with YBX1

Cancer Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 612, С. 217494 - 217494

Опубликована: Янв. 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Traditional Chinese medicine in lung cancer treatment

Molecular Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Lung cancer remains a major global health challenge and one of the leading causes cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite significant advancements in treatment, challenges such as drug resistance, side effects, metastasis recurrence continue to impact patient outcomes quality life. In response, there is growing interest complementary integrative approaches care. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with its long history, abundant clinical experience, holistic perspective individualized approach, has garnered increasing attention for role lung prevention management. This review provides comprehensive overview advances TCM covering theoretical foundation, treatment principles, experiences evidence supporting efficacy. We also provide systematic summary preclinical mechanisms, through which impacts cancer, including induction cell death, reversal inhibition modulation immune responses. Additionally, future prospects are discussed, offering insights into expanded application integration modern address this challenging disease.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Beyond PD-1/PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibodies

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(5), С. 906 - 906

Опубликована: Март 6, 2025

Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has revolutionized treatment, providing durable responses in subset patients. However, with fewer than 50% patients achieving significant benefits, there is critical need to expand therapeutic strategies. This review explores emerging targets immune checkpoint inhibition beyond PD-1/PD-L1, including CTLA-4, TIGIT, LAG-3, TIM-3, NKG2A, and CD39/CD73. We highlight biological basis CD8 T cell exhaustion shaping antitumor response. Novel approaches additional inhibitory receptors (IR) are discussed, focus on their distinct mechanisms action combinatory potential existing therapies. Despite advancements, challenges remain overcoming resistance optimizing patient selection. underscores importance dual blockade innovative bispecific antibody engineering maximize outcomes for NSCLC

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling the multifaceted roles of long non-coding RNA CTBP1-DT in human diseases: Special attention to its microprotein-encoding potential

Pathology - Research and Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 268, С. 155870 - 155870

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Glycyrrhizin enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin in non‑small cell lung cancer cells by influencing DNA damage and apoptosis

Oncology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 29(4), С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

The objective of the present study was to elucidate mechanism by which glycyrrhizin enhances antitumor activity cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer. Initially, A549 cells were treated with different concentrations (0.25-8 mM) or (10-160 µM) for 48 h investigate effect combined on vitro. Subsequently, divided into control (untreated), CP (20 µM cisplatin), GL (2 mM glycyrrhizin) and + 2 groups underlying glycyrrhizin. After incubation, viability colony-forming ability assessed using MTT colony formation assays. Apoptosis levels cycle progression analyzed flow cytometry western blotting used evaluate apoptosis- cycle-related proteins. Additionally, comet assays DNA damage relevant results demonstrated both individually reduced a concentration-dependent manner. Cisplatin lower half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) at higher concentrations, an IC50 value ~35 Furthermore, treatment synergistically ability, induced apoptosis arrested G2 phase, showing greater efficacy when compared either individually. In addition, analysis that, comparison alone, markedly increased protein expression B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein, cleaved-caspase-3/caspase-3, γH2AX, phosphorylated-checkpoint kinase 1 phosphorylated-p53/p53, while notably reducing 2, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent 4. findings indicate that cancer modulating apoptosis.

Язык: Английский

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Application of Radiomics for Differentiating Lung Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(7), С. 874 - 874

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

Background/Objectives: Lung neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors requiring accurate differentiation from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) for effective treatment. Conventional computed tomography (CT) lacks pathognomonic features to distinguish these subtypes. Radiomics, which extracts quantitative imaging features, offers potential solution. Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 301 patients with histologically confirmed who underwent native CT scans. The dataset comprised 150 NSCLC cases (75 adenocarcinomas, 75 squamous carcinomas) and 151 NENs SCLC, 60 carcinoids, 16 large carcinomas). Tumors were manually segmented, 107 radiomics extracted. Dimensionality reduction feature selection performed using Pearson correlation analysis LASSO regression. Decision tree random forest classifiers trained evaluated 70:30 training-testing split. Model performance was assessed the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score. Results: model differentiating achieved an AUC 0.988 on test set, accuracy 97.8%. distinguishing SCLC other attained 0.860 82.6%. First-order textural key discriminators. Conclusions: Radiomics-based machine learning models demonstrated high diagnostic in subclassifying NENs. These findings highlight as non-invasive, tool diagnosis, warranting further validation larger studies.

Язык: Английский

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AMPK: an energy sensor for Non-small cell lung cancer progression and treatment

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107592 - 107592

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality in China, with non-small cell lung (NSCLC) accounting for 85% overall cases. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) a key regulator energy balance homeostasis, its dysregulation common feature various malignancies, particularly NSCLC mutations Liver B1 (LKB1). Studies have shown that AMPK signalling pathway has dual role progression, both inhibiting promoting progression malignant tumours. Therefore, drugs targeting may hold significant promise therapeutic application NSCLC. This review aims to examine manifestations mechanisms by which associated molecules influence treatment. Firstly, we discuss critical importance within mutational context Secondly, We summarise related substances modulate evaluate evidence from preclinical studies on combination AMPK-targeted therapies address issue drug resistance under current clinical treatments. In summary, this paper highlights developing enhance efficacy NSCLC, as well potential applying these therapy overcome resistance.

Язык: Английский

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[18F]FDG PET/CT versus [18F]FDG PET/MRI in staging of non-small cell lung cancer: a head-to-head comparative meta-analysis

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Purpose This meta-analysis aims to compare the diagnostic efficacy of [ 18 F]FDG PET/CT and PET/MRI in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods An extensive literature search was conducted throughout PubMed, Embase, Web Science databases for works accessible through September 2024. We included studies assessed NSCLC. Results The includes six a total 437 patients. sensitivity specificity detecting lymph node metastasis were similar, at 0.82 (0.68–0.94) vs. 0.86 (0.70–0.97) 0.88 (0.76–0.96) 0.90 (0.85–0.94), respectively, no significant differences ( p = 0.70 sensitivity, 0.75 specificity). For distant metastasis, (0.60–1.00) 0.93 (0.63–1.00), 0.89 (0.65–1.00) (0.64–1.00), also showing 0.66 0.97 Conclusion Our shows that has similar identifying metastases Additional larger sample prospective are needed confirm these findings. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023479817 , CRD42023479817.

Язык: Английский

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Enhanced Lung Cancer Survival Prediction Using Semi-Supervised Pseudo-Labeling and Learning from Diverse PET/CT Datasets

Cancers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(2), С. 285 - 285

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

This study explores a semi-supervised learning (SSL), pseudo-labeled strategy using diverse datasets such as head and neck cancer (HNCa) to enhance lung (LCa) survival outcome predictions, analyzing handcrafted deep radiomic features (HRF/DRF) from PET/CT scans with hybrid machine systems (HMLSs). We collected 199 LCa patients both PET CT images, obtained TCIA our local database, alongside 408 HNCa images TCIA. extracted 215 HRFs 1024 DRFs by PySERA 3D autoencoder, respectively, within the ViSERA 1.0.0 software, segmented primary tumors. The supervised (SL) employed an HMLS-PCA connected six classifiers on DRFs. SSL expanded adding cases (labeled Random Forest algorithm) cases, same HMLS techniques. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA) linked four prediction algorithms were utilized in hazard ratio analysis. outperformed SL method (p << 0.001), achieving average accuracy of 0.85 ± 0.05 PCA + Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), compared 0.69 0.06 for Light Gradient Boosting (LGB). Additionally, Component-wise Survival Analysis DRFs, CT, had C-index 0.80, log rank p-value 0.001, confirmed external testing. Shifting strategies, particularly contexts limited data points, enabling or alone, can significantly achieve high predictive performance.

Язык: Английский

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