Role of CD4+ T cell-derived cytokines in the pathogenesis of uveitis

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Uveitis refers to a diverse group of inflammatory diseases that affecting the uveal tract, comprising iris, ciliary body, and choroid, with potential repercussions ranging from visual impairment blindness. The role autoimmunity in uveitis etiology is complex still under investigation. CD4+ T cells intricately regulate immune responses through their subtypes: Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg (T regulatory), Tfh (follicular helper) cells. Each cell subtype secretes specific cytokines either pathogenic or protective implications uveitis. Th1 cells, characterized by IFN-γ secretion T-bet expression, drive type 1 against intracellular pathogens. Conversely, Th2 which produce interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13 express transcription factor GATA3, mediate 2 larger extracellular threats like helminths. Th17 generating IL-17 IL-22 controlled RORγt, engage 3 select releasing IL-21 governed Bcl6, aid B antibody production. Tregs, identified Foxp3, exert regulatory functions homeostasis. This review delves into roles cell-derived uveitis, emphasizing intricate involvement disease progression resolution. Insight these mechanisms might guide therapeutic approaches targeting management.

Язык: Английский

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From bench to bedside: Developing CRISPR/Cas-based therapy for ocular diseases

Pharmacological Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107638 - 107638

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Outer retina micro-inflammation is driven by T cell responses prior to retinal degeneration in early age-related macular degeneration

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Introduction Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of blindness with limited treatment options. Dysfunction the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) unifying salient feature pathology and primary end-point damage to complications such as geographic atrophy (GA), which represents most common end-stage AMD. Methods Human murine ocular tissues were used for histological examinations. Furthermore, flow cytometry gene expression analysis on splenic Cx3cr1 GFP/GFP C57BL/6J mice at 8 12 months age characterize dynamics local systemic T cell populations. Results We show presence memory cells CD45RO + in choroid retina patients AMD peak abundance early stages As further evidence contribution adaptive immune system GA we identified an increased frequency CD44 CD69 KLRG1 para-inflammation mouse model that mimics features GA. Importantly, activation found AMD-like prior possessed long-lasting cytotoxic properties adopted typical senescent cells. intimately associated RPE, suggesting transmigration participating micro-inflammation. Discussion Our data support accumulation can be considered hallmark AMD, immunosenescence likely contribute chronic inflammation RPE progression large lesions seen

Язык: Английский

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The clinical safety landscape for ocular AAV gene therapies: a systematic review and meta-analysis

iScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(4), С. 112265 - 112265

Опубликована: Март 22, 2025

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) gene therapy is a promising approach for treating ocular monogenic or acquired diseases, though immunogenicity and safety remain critical considerations. We conducted systematic review of 120 trials 32 publications to assess immune responses across different delivery routes. Intravitreal administration was associated with higher rates anterior uveitis (43.06% vs. 10.22%) intermediate/posterior (40.36% 6.18%) compared subretinal delivery. Engineered AAV capsids, used exclusively in intravitreal studies, showed no significant difference either type incidence natural serotypes. Prophylactic immunosuppression (PI) did not affect systemic delivery, but significantly reduced administration. These findings underscore the potential PI mitigate therapy. This should help guide choice routes strategies, highlights current trends

Язык: Английский

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Influence of dendritic cells on corneal nerve morphological analysis and clinical relevance in chronic dry eye disease after femtosecond laser-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12

Опубликована: Март 31, 2025

This study aims to investigate the influence of dendritic cells (DCs) on corneal nerve morphology and clinical significance in chronic Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Laser Situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) related dry eye disease (DED). The cross-sectional was conducted involving healthy control, DED without FS-LASIK group, after group. Clinical parameters such as ocular surface index (OSDI), fluorescein tear breakup time (FBUT), staining (CFS) scores, Schirmer I test (SIt), Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer (C-BE) were recorded. DCs vivo confocal microscopy images included or excluded during segmentation. Key morphological parameters, including fiber density (CNFD), branch (CNBD), tortuosity, box-count fractal dimension (Boxdim), measured. impact metrics correlations between each other assessed. significant reduce key observed eliminating DCs. Significant differences group compared with two groups. With increased presence especially introduced false positives correlation analysis characteristics FS-LASIK. introduces biases assessments morphology, primarily false-positive results DED. Their exclusion improves precision measurements, which may enhance evaluation morphology. These findings highlight importance precise segmentation techniques minimize interference practice.

Язык: Английский

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The five senses of immunity

Trends in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The role of CFTR in the eye, and the effect of early highly effective modulator treatment for cystic fibrosis on eye health

Progress in Retinal and Eye Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 103, С. 101299 - 101299

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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