The burden of stroke and its attributable risk factors in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990–2019

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2022

Abstract Stroke is one of the leading causes mortality and morbidity across globe. Providing comprehensive data on burden stroke in Middle East North Africa (MENA) could be useful for health policy makers region. Therefore, this article reported its attributable risk factors between 1990 2019 by age, sex, type stroke, socio-demographic index. Data point prevalence, death, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), due to were retrieved from Global Burden Disease study 21 countries located MENA region 2019. The counts age-standardised rates (per 100,000) presented, along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). In 2019, regional prevalence death 1537.5 (95% UI: 1421.9–1659.9) 87.7 (78.2–97.6) per 100,000, which represent a 0.5% (− 2.3 1.1) 27.8% 35.4 − 16) decrease since 1990, respectively. Moreover, DALY rate was 1826.2 (1635.3–2026.2) 32.0% 39.1 23.3) 1990. Afghanistan [3498.2 (2508.8–4500.4)] Lebanon [752.9 (593.3–935.9)] had highest lowest rates, Regionally, total number cases 60–64 age group more prevalent women all groups. addition, there general negative association SDI stoke Also, high systolic blood pressure [53.5%], body mass index [39.4%] ambient particulate air pollution [27.1%] made three largest contributions has decreased over last decades, although are large inter-country differences. Preventive programs should implemented focus metabolic factors, especially among older females low countries.

Язык: Английский

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Personalized functional imaging-guided rTMS on the superior frontal gyrus for post-stroke aphasia: A randomized sham-controlled trial

Brain stimulation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(5), С. 1313 - 1321

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Neuropsychological Assessment of Unilateral Spatial Neglect Through Computerized and Virtual Reality Tools: A Scoping Review

Neuropsychology Review, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 34(2), С. 363 - 401

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Abstract Unilateral Spatial Neglect is a disabling neuropsychological deficit. Patients with spatial neglect fail to detect and report events, perform actions in the side of space contralateral hemispheric cerebral lesion. assessed by evaluating patients’ abilities daily life activities psychometric tests. Computer-based, portable Virtual Reality technologies may provide more precise data, be sensitive informative, compared current paper-and-pencil procedures. Studies since 2010, which such have been used, are reviewed. Forty-two articles meeting inclusion criteria categorized according their technological approaches ( computer- , graphics tablet or tablet- virtual reality-based assessment other ). The results promising. However, definite golden standard, technologically based procedure cannot still established. Developing tests laborious process, requires technical user experience improvements as well normative increase evidence efficacy for clinical evaluation at least some considered this review.

Язык: Английский

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Neurobiological mechanisms for language, symbols and concepts: Clues from brain-constrained deep neural networks

Progress in Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 230, С. 102511 - 102511

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2023

Neural networks are successfully used to imitate and model cognitive processes. However, provide clues about the neurobiological mechanisms enabling human cognition, these models need mimic structure function of real brains. Brain-constrained differ from classic neural by implementing brain similarities at different scales, ranging micro- mesoscopic levels neuronal function, local links circuit interaction large-scale anatomical between-area connectivity. This review shows how brain-constrained can be applied study in silico formation for symbol concept processing work towards explanations specifically abilities. These include verbal working memory learning large vocabularies symbols, semantic binding carried specific areas cortex, attention focusing modulation driven type, acquisition concrete abstract concepts partly influenced symbols. Neuronal assembly activity is analyzed deliver putative mechanistic correlates higher processes develop candidate founded established principles.

Язык: Английский

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Functional differentiation in the language network revealed by lesion-symptom mapping

NeuroImage, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 247, С. 118778 - 118778

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2021

Theories of language organization in the brain commonly posit that different regions underlie distinct linguistic mechanisms. However, such theories have been criticized on grounds many neuroimaging studies processing find similar effects across regions. Moreover, condition by region interaction effects, which provide strongest evidence functional differentiation between regions, rarely offered support these theories. Here we address this using lesion-symptom mapping three large, partially-overlapping groups aphasia patients with left hemisphere damage due to stroke (N = 121, N 92, 218). We identified multiple measure associating posterior middle temporal gyrus syntactic comprehension deficits, inferior frontal expressive agrammatism, and angular semantic category word fluency deficits. Our results are inconsistent recent hypotheses network undifferentiated respect high-level processing.

Язык: Английский

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Potential Benefits of Music Therapy on Stroke Rehabilitation

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 11

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2022

Stroke is associated with a high rate of disability and mortality, survivors are usually accompanied dysphagia, aphasia, motor dysfunction, cognitive impairment, depression, other complications. In the past decades, many studies have been conducted to reveal pathogenesis pathological mechanisms stroke. Furthermore, treatment methods developed that contribute elevated survival stroke patients. Early rehabilitation poststroke starting be recognized as important has receiving increasing attention in order further improve quality life As an emerging method rehabilitation, music therapy can help attenuate dysphagia cognition function, alleviate negative moods, accelerate neurological recovery This review helps summarize recent progress made using aimed at providing clinical evidence for

Язык: Английский

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Rethinking Remapping: Circuit Mechanisms of Recovery after Stroke

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(45), С. 7489 - 7500

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Stroke is one of the most common causes disability, and there are few treatments that can improve recovery after stroke. Therapeutic development has been hindered because a lack understanding precisely how neural circuits affected by stroke, these change to mediate recovery. Indeed, some hypotheses for CNS changes recovery, including remapping, redundancy, diaschisis, date more than century ago. Recent technological advances have enabled interrogation with ever greater temporal spatial resolution. These techniques increasingly being applied across animal models stroke human survivors, shedding light on molecular, structural, functional undergo Here we review studies highlight important mechanisms underlie impairment We begin summarizing knowledge about in activity occur peri-infarct cortex, specifically considering evidence remapping hypothesis Next, describe importance population dynamics, disruptions dynamics allocation neurons into spared restore functionality. On global scale, then discuss effects long-range pathways, interhemispheric interactions corticospinal tract transmission, contribute post-stroke impairments. Finally, look forward consider deeper circuit may lead novel reduce disability

Язык: Английский

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Age differences in the neural processing of semantics, within and beyond the core semantic network

Neurobiology of Aging, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 131, С. 88 - 105

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023

Aging is associated with functional activation changes in domain-specific regions and large-scale brain networks. This preregistered Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated these effects within the domain of semantic cognition. Participants completed 1 nonsemantic 2 tasks. We found no age differences core regions. However, right inferior frontal gyrus showed difficulty-related increases both groups. suggests that age-related upregulation this area may be a compensatory response to increased processing demands. At network level, older people more engagement default mode less executive multiple-demand network, aligning people's greater knowledge reserves declines. In contrast, was age-invariant control Finally, adults reduced demand-related modulation task but not These findings provide new perspective on neural basis cognition aging, suggesting preserved function specialized networks help maintain later life.

Язык: Английский

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Dynamic network reorganization underlying neuroplasticity: the deficits-severity-related language network dynamics in patients with left hemispheric gliomas involving language network

Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(13), С. 8273 - 8285

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

Brain network dynamics not only endow the brain with flexible coordination for various cognitive processes but also a huge potential of neuroplasticity development, skill learning, and after cerebral injury. Diffusive progressive glioma infiltration triggers functional compensation, which is an outstanding pathophysiological model investigation reorganization underlying neuroplasticity. In this study, we employed dynamic conditional correlation to construct framewise language networks investigated reorganizations in 83 patients left hemispheric gliomas involving (40 without aphasia 43 aphasia). We found that, healthy controls (HCs) patients, resting state clustered into 4 temporal-reoccurring states. Language deficits-severity-dependent topological abnormalities dFCs were observed. Compared HCs, suboptimal observed those aphasia, while more severe disruptions aphasia. Machine learning-based dFC-linguistics prediction analyses showed that states significantly predicted individual patients' scores. These findings shed light on our understanding metaplasticity glioma. Glioma-induced under "meta-networking" (network networks) framework. glioma, resting-state robustly The spatial temporal network.

Язык: Английский

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Structural neuroplasticity effects of singing in chronic aphasia

eNeuro, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(5), С. ENEURO.0408 - 23.2024

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Singing-based treatments of aphasia can improve language outcomes, but the neural benefits group-based singing in are unknown. Here, we set out to determine structural neuroplasticity changes underpinning singing-induced treatment effects chronic aphasia. Twenty-eight patients with at least mild nonfluent poststroke were randomized into two groups that received a 4-month multicomponent intervention (singing group) or standard care (control group). High-resolution T1 images and multishell diffusion-weighted MRI data collected time points (baseline/5 months). Structural gray matter (GM) white (WM) assessed using network region interest-based voxel-based morphometry (VBM) quantitative anisotropy-based connectometry, their associations improved outcomes (Western Aphasia Battery Naming Repetition) evaluated. Connectometry analyses showed group enhanced WM connectivity left arcuate fasciculus (AF) corpus callosum as well frontal aslant tract (FAT), superior longitudinal fasciculus, corticostriatal bilaterally compared control group. Moreover, VBM, GM volume increase inferior cortex (Brodmann area 44) The BA44, AF, FAT correlated naming abilities after intervention. These findings suggest group, bring about areas bilateral pathways, which underpin treatment-induced improvement speech production.

Язык: Английский

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