Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(6), С. 5211 - 5295

Опубликована: Март 9, 2023

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and improve quality of life in the era digitalization big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible are developed overcome limitations conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement bench-side research over last decade, market adoption remains limited. To ease expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering maturation propose promising solutions. We first analyze achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications then summarize issues compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions powering connecting sensor networks. Issues en route commercialization sustainable growth sector also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns emphasizing nontechnical such as business, regulatory, ethical considerations. Additionally, look at future intelligent sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, hope steer efforts towards common goals guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through collaborative efforts, scientific breakthroughs can be made sooner capitalized betterment humanity.

Язык: Английский

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Bistable and Multistable Actuators for Soft Robots: Structures, Materials, and Functionalities

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 34(19)

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2022

Snap-through bistability is often observed in nature (e.g., fast snapping to closure of Venus flytrap) and the life bottle caps hair clippers). Recently, harnessing multistability different structures soft materials has attracted growing interest for high-performance actuators robots. They have demonstrated broad unique applications high-speed locomotion on land under water, adaptive sensing grasping, shape reconfiguration, electronics-free controls with a single input, logic computation. Here, an overview integrating bistable multistable actuating diverse soft/flexible robots given. The mechanics-guided structural design principles five categories basic elements from 1D 3D (i.e., constrained beams, curved plates, dome shells, compliant mechanisms linkages flexible hinges deformable origami, balloon structures) are first presented, alongside brief discussions typical fluidic elastomers stimuli-responsive such as electro-, photo-, thermo-, magnetic-, hydro-responsive polymers). Following that, these each category their robotic discussed. To conclude, perspectives challenges opportunities this emerging field considered.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical metamaterials and beyond

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2023

Mechanical metamaterials enable the creation of structural materials with unprecedented mechanical properties. However, thus far, research on has focused passive and tunability their Deep integration multifunctionality, sensing, electrical actuation, information processing, advancing data-driven designs are grand challenges in community that could lead to truly intelligent metamaterials. In this perspective, we provide an overview within beyond classical functionalities. We discuss various aspects approaches for inverse design optimization multifunctional Our aim is new roadmaps discovery next-generation active responsive can interact surrounding environment adapt conditions while inheriting all outstanding features Next, deliberate emerging specific functionalities informative scientific devices. highlight open ahead metamaterial systems at component levels transition into domain application capabilities.

Язык: Английский

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A mechanical metamaterial with reprogrammable logical functions

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2021

Abstract Embedding mechanical logic into soft robotics, microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), and robotic materials can greatly improve their functional capacity. However, such logical functions are usually pre-programmed hardly be altered during in-life service, limiting applications under varying working conditions. Here, we propose a reprogrammable mechanological metamaterial (ReMM). Logical computing is achieved by imposing sequential excitations. The system initialized reprogrammed via selectively releasing the Realization of universal combinatorial (memory) demonstrated experimentally numerically. fabrication scalability also discussed. We expect ReMM serve as platform for constructing reusable multifunctional with strong computation information processing capability.

Язык: Английский

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Deep Learning in Mechanical Metamaterials: From Prediction and Generation to Inverse Design

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(45)

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Abstract Mechanical metamaterials are meticulously designed structures with exceptional mechanical properties determined by their microstructures and constituent materials. Tailoring material geometric distribution unlocks the potential to achieve unprecedented bulk functions. However, current metamaterial design considerably relies on experienced designers' inspiration through trial error, while investigating responses entails time‐consuming testing or computationally expensive simulations. Nevertheless, recent advancements in deep learning have revolutionized process of metamaterials, enabling property prediction geometry generation without prior knowledge. Furthermore, generative models can transform conventional forward into inverse design. Many studies implementation highly specialized, pros cons may not be immediately evident. This critical review provides a comprehensive overview capabilities prediction, generation, metamaterials. Additionally, this highlights leveraging create universally applicable datasets, intelligently intelligence. article is expected valuable only researchers working but also those field materials informatics.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical Intelligent Energy Harvesting: From Methodology to Applications

Advanced Energy Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(29)

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Abstract The Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT) connects everything with intelligence, while the increase in energy consumption generated by numerous electronic devices puts forward an impending demand on power supply. Energy harvesting technology has emerged as a compelling innovation for net zero emissions supply AIoT. Although significant advances have been witnessed harvesting, some issues such poor electrical output, weak environmental adaptability, and low reliability are difficult to satisfactorily resolve. Mechanical intelligent can be defined system identifying external excitation or its own state reacting it, rather than relying sensing elements central controller certain adaptive programmed functions. functions exhibit great potential solving above‐mentioned that seriously restrict development technology. Here, generalized definition mechanical is given critically design methodology elaborated. typical reported systems characteristics intelligence reviewed. key research directions discussed. expected revolutionize energy‐harvesting pave way applications.

Язык: Английский

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A modular strategy for distributed, embodied control of electronics-free soft robots

Science Advances, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(27)

Опубликована: Июль 7, 2023

Robots typically interact with their environments via feedback loops consisting of electronic sensors, microcontrollers, and actuators, which can be bulky complex. Researchers have sought new strategies for achieving autonomous sensing control in next-generation soft robots. We describe here an electronics-free approach robots, whose compositional structural features embody the sensing, control, actuation loop bodies. Specifically, we design multiple modular units that are regulated by responsive materials such as liquid crystal elastomers. These modules enable robot to sense respond different external stimuli (light, heat, solvents), causing changes robot's trajectory. By combining types modules, complex responses achieved, logical evaluations require events occur environment before action is performed. This framework embodied offers a strategy toward robots operate uncertain or dynamic environments.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanical integrated circuit materials

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 608(7924), С. 699 - 703

Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Programmable mechanical devices through magnetically tunable bistable elements

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(15)

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2023

Mechanical instabilities, especially in the form of bistable and multistable mechanisms, have recently garnered a lot interest as mode improving capabilities increasing functionalities soft robots, structures, mechanical systems general. Although mechanisms shown high tunability through variation their material design variables, they lack option modifying attributes dynamically during operation. Here, we propose facile approach to overcome this limitation by dispersing magnetically active microparticles throughout structure elements using an external magnetic field tune responses. We experimentally demonstrate numerically verify predictable deterministic control response different types under varying fields. Additionally, show how can be used induce bistability intrinsically monostable structures simply placing them controlled field. Furthermore, application strategy precisely controlling features (e.g., velocity direction) transition waves propagating lattice created cascading chain individual elements. Moreover, implement like transistor (gate fields) or reconfigurable functional binary logic gates for processing signals. This serves provide programming tuning required allow more extensive utilization instabilities with potential functions such robotic locomotion, sensing triggering elements, computation, devices.

Язык: Английский

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Encoding and Storage of Information in Mechanical Metamaterials

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(20)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023

Information processing using material's own properties has gained increasing interest. Mechanical metamaterials, due to their diversity of deformation modes and wide design space, can be used realize information processing, such as computing storage. Here a mechanical metamaterial system is demonstrated for material-based encoding storage data through programmed reconfigurations the metamaterial's structured building blocks. Sequential decoding are achieved in three-dimensional (3D) printed pixelated via kirigami-based "pixels" with programmable, temperature-dependent bistability. The multistep messages texts surfaces arrays binary data, then them by applying predetermined stretching heating regimen sequentially retrieve layers stored display on its surface. This approach serves general framework enable metamaterials.

Язык: Английский

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