SARS-CoV-2 variant evasion of monoclonal antibodies based on in vitro studies

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21(2), С. 112 - 124

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 XBB variant derived from recombination of two Omicron subvariants

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2023

In late 2022, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have become highly diversified, and XBB is spreading rapidly around the world. Our phylogenetic analyses suggested that emerged through recombination of two cocirculating BA.2 lineages, BJ.1 BM.1.1.1 (a progeny BA.2.75), during summer 2022. XBB.1 variant most profoundly resistant to BA.2/5 breakthrough infection sera date more fusogenic than BA.2.75. The breakpoint located in receptor-binding domain spike, each region recombinant spike confers immune evasion increases fusogenicity. We further provide structural basis for interaction between human ACE2. Finally, intrinsic pathogenicity male hamsters comparable or even lower multiscale investigation provides evidence suggesting first observed increase its fitness rather substitutions.

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy of Antiviral Agents against Omicron Subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB

New England Journal of Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 388(1), С. 89 - 91

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022

Efficacy of Antiviral Agents against Omicron Subvariants BQ.1.1 and XBB To the Editor: Three sublineages B.1.1.529(omicron) variant severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have serially transitioned into globally dominant formsfirst BA.1, then BA.2, BA.5.As October 2022, most circulating omicron variants belong to BA.5.However, prevalence (a BA.5 subvariant) BA.2 is increasing rapidly in several countries, including United States India.BA.2 been shown less sensitivity certain monoclonal antibodies than previously concern. 1-5Notably, as compared with carry additional substitutions receptor-binding domain spike (S) protein, which major target for vaccines therapeutic disease 2019 (Covid-19).These subvariants may, therefore, be more immune-evasive BA.2.We assessed efficacy (hCoV-19/ Japan/TY41-796/2022; TY41-796) (hCoV-19/Japan/TY41-795/2022; TY41-795), were isolated from patients.The isolate had three (R346T, K444T, N460K) its a (hCoV-19/Japan/TY41-702/2022) (Fig. S1A Supplementary Appendix, available full text this letter at NEJM.org).The nine changes (G339H, R346T, L368I, V445P, G446S, N460K, F486S, F490S, wild-type amino acid position 493) (hCoV-19/Japan/UT-NCD1288-2N/2022)

Язык: Английский

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Virological characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariants, including BA.4 and BA.5

Cell, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 185(21), С. 3992 - 4007.e16

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2022

After the global spread of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2, some BA.2 subvariants, including BA.2.9.1, BA.2.11, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5, emerged in multiple countries. Our statistical analysis showed that effective reproduction numbers these subvariants are greater than original BA.2. Neutralization experiments revealed immunity induced by BA.1/2 infections is less against BA.4/5. Cell culture BA.2.12.1 BA.4/5 replicate more efficiently human alveolar epithelial cells particularly, fusogenic We further provided structure spike receptor-binding domain binds to ACE2 considered how substitutions play roles binding immune evasion. Moreover, using hamsters suggested pathogenic multiscale investigations suggest risk particularly BA.4/5, health

Язык: Английский

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Enhanced neutralization resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BA.4.6, BF.7, and BA.2.75.2

Cell Host & Microbe, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 31(1), С. 9 - 17.e3

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Imprinted SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity induces convergent Omicron RBD evolution

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2022, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2022

Abstract Continuous evolution of Omicron has led to a rapid and simultaneous emergence numerous variants that display growth advantages over BA. 5. Despite their divergent evolutionary courses, mutations on receptor-binding domain (RBD) converge several hotspots. The driving force destination such convergent its impact humoral immunity remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate these can cause striking evasion neutralizing antibody (NAb) drugs convalescent plasma, including those from BA.5 breakthrough infection, while maintaining sufficient ACE2 binding capability. BQ.1.1.10, BA.4.6.3, XBB, CH. 1.1 are the most antibody-evasive strain tested, even exceeding SARS-CoV-1 level. To delineate origin evolution, determined escape mutation profiles neutralization activity monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated BA.2 breakthrough-infection convalescents. Importantly, due immune imprinting, especially infection caused significant reductions in epitope diversity NAbs increased proportion non-neutralizing mAbs, which turn concentrated pressure promoted evolution. Moreover, showed RBD could be accurately inferred by integrated deep mutational scanning (DMS) profiles, trends BA.2.75/BA.5 subvariants well-simulated through constructed pseudovirus mutants. Together, our results suggest current herd vaccine boosters may not provide good protection against infection. Broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 vaccines NAb development should highly prioritized, mutants help examine effectiveness advance.

Язык: Английский

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A Detailed Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron: Its Sub-Variants, Mutations and Pathophysiology, Clinical Characteristics, Immunological Landscape, Immune Escape, and Therapies

Viruses, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(1), С. 167 - 167

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has created significant concern for everyone. Recent data from many worldwide reports suggest that most infections are caused by the Omicron variant and its sub-lineages, dominating all previously emerged variants. numerous mutations in Omicron’s viral genome sub-lineages attribute it a larger amount of fitness, owing to alteration transmission pathophysiology virus. With rapid change structure, sub-variants, namely BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5, dominate community with an ability escape neutralization efficiency induced prior vaccination or infections. Similarly, several recombinant sub-variants Omicron, XBB, XBD, XBF, etc., have emerged, which better understanding. This review mainly entails changes due having higher number mutations. binding affinity, cellular entry, disease severity, infection rates, importantly, immune evading potential them discussed this review. A comparative analysis Delta other variants evolved before gives readers in-depth understanding landscape infection. Furthermore, discusses range abilities possessed approved antiviral therapeutic molecules neutralizing antibodies functional against sub-variants. evolution is causing infections, but broader aspect their not been explored. Thus, scientific should adopt elucidative approach obtain clear idea about recently including variants, so effective vaccines drugs can be achieved. This, turn, will lead drop cases and, finally, end pandemic.

Язык: Английский

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Neutralisation sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants to therapeutic monoclonal antibodies

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(7), С. 942 - 943

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection drives cross-variant neutralization and memory B cell formation against conserved epitopes

Science Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(75)

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2022

Omicron is the evolutionarily most distinct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant of concern (VOC) to date. We report that BA.1 breakthrough infection in BNT162b2-vaccinated individuals resulted strong neutralizing activity against BA.1, BA.2, and previous SARS-CoV-2 VOCs but not sublineages BA.4 BA.5. induced a robust recall response, primarily expanding memory B (B

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine update: vaccine effectiveness, SARS-CoV-2 variants, boosters, adverse effects, and immune correlates of protection

Journal of Biomedical Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2022

Abstract Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the most severe public health challenge in this century. Two years after its emergence, rapid development and deployment of effective COVID-19 vaccines have successfully controlled pandemic greatly reduced risk illness death associated with COVID-19. However, due to ability rapidly evolve, SARS-CoV-2 virus may never be eradicated, there are many important new topics work on if we need live for a long time. To end, hope provide essential knowledge researchers who improvement future vaccines. In review, provided an up-to-date summary current vaccines, discussed biological basis clinical impact variants subvariants, analyzed effectiveness various vaccine booster regimens against different strains. Additionally, reviewed potential mechanisms vaccine-induced adverse events, summarized studies regarding immune correlates protection, finally, next-generation

Язык: Английский

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