Modularity of Zorya defense systems during phage inhibition

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Март 8, 2025

Abstract Bacteria have evolved an extraordinary diversity of defense systems against bacteriophage (phage) predation. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these anti-phage often remain elusive. Here, we provide mechanistic and structural insights into Zorya phage systems. Using cryo-EM analyses, show that type I II core components, ZorA ZorB, assemble in a 5:2 complex is similar to inner-membrane ion-driven, rotary motors power flagellar rotation, 9 secretion, gliding Ton nutrient uptake The ZorAB has elongated cytoplasmic tail assembled by bundling C-termini five subunits. Mutagenesis demonstrates peptidoglycan binding periplasmic domains structured ZorA, ion flow through motor important for function both Furthermore, identify ZorE as effector module system, possessing nickase activity. Our work reveals basis activity highlights crucial population-wide immunity system.

Язык: Английский

Cathepsin X is a conserved cell death protein involved in algal response to environmental stress

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский