In vivo CAR engineering for immunotherapy

Nature reviews. Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

Язык: Английский

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The development and application of chimeric antigen receptor natural killer (CAR-NK) cells for cancer therapy: current state, challenges and emerging therapeutic advances

Experimental Hematology and Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024

Abstract Immunotherapy has transformed the landscape of cancer treatment, with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T (CAR-T) cell therapy emerging as a front runner in addressing some hematological malignancies. Despite its considerable efficacy, occurrence severe adverse effects associated CAR-T limited their scope and prompted exploration alternative therapeutic strategies. Natural killer (NK) cells, characterized by both innate cytotoxicity ability to lyse target cells without constraint peptide specificity conferred major histocompatibility complex (MHC), have similarly garnered attention viable immunotherapy. As such, another approach recently emerged that seeks combine continued success flexibility NK cells. Clinical trials involving CAR-engineered (CAR-NK) exhibited promising efficacy fewer deleterious side effects. This review aims provide concise overview cellular molecular basis biology, facilitating better understanding advancements CAR design manufacturing. The focus is on current approaches strategies employed CAR-NK development, exploring at preclinical clinical settings. We will reflect upon achievements, advantages, challenges intrinsic therapy. Anticipating maturation technology, we foresee encouraging prospects for broader range patients other conditions. It our belief this progress bring us closer making significant strides treatment refractory recurrent cancers, well immune-mediated disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Interleukin 15‐Presenting Nanovesicles with Doxorubicin‐Loaded Ferritin Cores for Cancer Immunochemotherapy

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024

Abstract Interleukin 15 (IL15) is crucial for fostering the survival and proliferation of nature killer (NK) cells cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), playing a pivotal role in tumor control. However, IL15 supplementary therapy encounters challenges such as systemic inflammation non‐specific stimulation cancer cells. Herein, nanovesicle termed DoxFILN, comprising membrane presenting IL15/IL15 receptor α complexes (IL15c) core doxorubicin‐loaded ferritin (Dox‐Fn) are reported. The DoxFILN significantly enhances densities activities intratumoral CTLs NK Mechanistically, undergoes deshelling acidic microenvironment, releasing Dox‐Fn membrane‐bound IL15c. selectively target transferrin receptors on cancerous cells, facilitating intracellular Dox release inducing immunogenic cell death. Concurrently, IL15c recognizes activates β/γc heterodimers, leading to remarkable increase activation (16‐fold 28‐fold) (37‐fold 50‐fold). IL15‐displaying introduced here holds promise potential platform immunochemotherapy treatment cancer.

Язык: Английский

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The surveillance of viral infections by the unconventional Type I NKT cell

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Сен. 17, 2024

Type I NKT cells, also known as Invariant Natural Killer T (iNKT) are a subpopulation of unconventional, innate-like (ILT) cells which can proficiently influence downstream immune effector functions. express semi-invariant αβ cell receptor (TCR) that recognises lipid-based ligands specifically presented by the non-classical cluster differentiation (CD1) protein d (CD1d) molecule. Due to their potent immunomodulatory functional capacity, type being increasingly considered in prophylactic and therapeutic approaches towards various diseases, including vaccine-adjuvants. As viruses do not encode lipid synthesis, it is surprising many studies have shown some directly impede activation through downregulating CD1d expression. Therefore, order harness for potential anti-viral uses, critical we fully appreciate how CD1d-iNKT axis interacts with viral immunity. In this review, examine clinical findings underpin importance function infections. This review explores certain employ immunoevasive mechanisms functions target expression function. Overall, suggest may hold greater gravity within infections than what was previously appreciated.

Язык: Английский

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A milestone method to make natural killer T cells

Nature Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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