Biological treatments for co-occurring eating disorders and psychological trauma: a systematic review

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Introduction Many people with eating disorders report having experienced childhood maltreatment or a traumatic event prior to developing an disorder. Although many have significant exposure symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, very little research has examined the effects combined treatments for this group. The purpose systematic review was synthesize all existing on biological those and psychological trauma, evaluate their safety, identify future areas in area support patients trauma. Method A multi-step literature search, according priori protocol performed PubMed, Embase, APA PsycINFO, Web Science, Scopus Cochrane Central. Studies needed include intervention at least one disorder trauma outcome. Given limited area, minimal exclusion criteria were applied. quality assessment included studies completed using Risk Bias Non-Randomized Studies-or Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. Results After removing duplicates, 2623 article titles abstracts screened, 43 articles selected full-text review. Following review, 11 met inclusion criteria. repurposed medications (n = 3), ketamine 2), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS; n deep brain =1) electroconvulsive therapy (ECT; 1), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; neurofeedback 1). All reported some improvement either pathology, strongest effect MDMA. While promising, missing data selective reporting interpretability findings. Adverse events across interventions common. Conclusion is common disorders, few been evaluated population. Future work should aim investigate co-occurring as these evolving show potential benefits complex

Язык: Английский

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Mendelian randomization analyses uncover causal relationships between brain structural connectome and risk of psychiatric disorders

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Abstract Growing evidence suggests abnormalities of brain structural connectome in psychiatric disorders, but the causal relationships remain underexplored. We conducted bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate links between 206 white-matter connectivity phenotypes (n = 26,333, UK Biobank) and 13 major disorders 14,307 1,222,882). Forward MR identified effects genetically predicted five on six with associations being significant or suggestive. For instance, left-hemisphere frontoparietal control network right-hemisphere default mode was significantly negatively associated autism spectrum disorder risk, while increased hippocampus linked decreased anorexia nervosa cannabis use risk. Reverse revealed suggestively risk two four different phenotypes. example, susceptibility found be visual pallidum. These findings offer new insights into etiology highlight potential biomarkers for early detection prevention at level.

Язык: Английский

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Towards Scalable Biomarker Discovery in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Triangulating Genomic and Phenotypic Evidence from a Health System Biobank

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2025

Biomarkers can potentially improve the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, PTSD biomarkers that are scalable easily integrated into real-world clinical settings have not been identified. To triangulate phenotypic genomic evidence from a health system biobank with goal identifying clinically relevant for PTSD. The analysis was conducted between June to November 2024 using samples laboratory test results recorded in Mass General Brigham (MGB) Health System. included 23,743 European ancestry participants nested MGB Biobank study. first exposure polygenic risk score (PRS) PTSD, calculated largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS), employing Bayesian scoring method. second diagnosis determined by presence two or more qualifying phecodes longitudinal electronic records (EHR). primary outcomes were inverse normal quantile transformed, median lab values 241 traits non-zero h 2 SNP estimates. Sixteen unique across cardiometabolic, hematologic, hepatic, immune systems implicated both lab-wide scans (LabWAS). Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses provided potential unidirectional causal effects liability on five traits. These findings demonstrate triangulation approach uncover Question: Is genetic associated measures?Findings: Among Biobank, we identified 16 genetically phenotypically markers demonstrating liability.Meaning: Our reveal associations multiple physiological systems, suggesting possible hepatic markers.

Язык: Английский

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Implications of gene × environment interactions in post-traumatic stress disorder risk and treatment

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 135(5)

Опубликована: Март 2, 2025

Exposure to traumatic stress is common in the general population. Variation brain's molecular encoding of potentially contributes heterogeneous clinical outcomes response experiences. For instance, only a minority those exposed trauma will develop post-traumatic disorder (PTSD). Risk for PTSD at least partially heritable, with growing number genetic factors identified through GWAS. A major limitation studies that they capture component risk, whereas by definition requires an environmental exposure. Furthermore, extent, timing, and type affects susceptibility. Here, we discuss mechanisms risk together gene × environment interactions, focus on how either might inform screening individuals high disease, reveal biological one day yield novel therapeutics, impact best practices even today. To close, interaction sex, gender, race, implications treatment. Altogether, suggest predicting, preventing, treating require integrating both genotypic information.

Язык: Английский

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Bidirectional Mendelian randomization study reveals interplay between multisite chronic pain and Post-traumatic stress disorder

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

To determine the causal relationship between multisite chronic pain (MCP) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. Genome-wide summary statistics for MCP PTSD were obtained. Linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analysis was used to assess genetic correlation. Independent SNPs associated with as instrumental variables forward reverse MR analyses. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method primary analysis, additional sensitivity tests ensure robustness. LDSC identified a significant correlation (rg = 0.635, P 1.40E-110). indicated positive association number of sites risk (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.103, 95% CI: 1.026–1.186, 7.89E-03). Conversely, showed that significantly increased (β 0.244, 0.143–0.345, 2.08E-06). Sensitivity suggested robustness estimation, indicating no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. A bidirectional identified, highlighting need integrated treatment preventive strategies address both conditions simultaneously improve health outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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An Update on the Psychiatric Genomics of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Psychiatric Clinics of North America, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Understanding the comorbidities among psychiatric disorders, chronic low-back pain, and spinal degenerative disease using observational and genetically informed analyses

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

ABSTRACT Psychiatric disorders and symptoms are associated with differences in pain perception sensitivity. These can have important implications treating spinal degenerative disease (SDD) chronic low-back (CLBP). Leveraging data from the UK Biobank (UKB) All of Us Research Program (AoU), we investigated effects linking psychiatric (alcohol use disorder, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity bipolar cannabis depression, opioid posttraumatic stress schizophrenia) to SDD CLBP. We applied multi-nominal regression models, polygenic risk scoring (PRS), one-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) triangulate underlying associations observed. also performed gene ontology drug-repurposing analyses dissect biology shared among mental illnesses, SDD, Comparing individuals affected only by (UKB N=37,745, AoU N=3,477), those CLBP N=15,496, N=23,325), both conditions N=11,463, N= 13,451) controls N=337,362, 117,162), observational genetically informed highlighted that strongest across three case groups were observed for alcohol disorder. Additionally, schizophrenia its PRS appeared an inverse relationship CLBP, their comorbidity. One-sample MR a potential direct effect internalizing on outcomes was particularly strong SDD. Our identified histone deacetylase inhibitors as targeting molecular pathways disorders, In conclusion, these findings support comorbidity is due contribution health outcomes. pleiotropic mechanisms together sociocultural factors play key role shaping SDD-CLBP patterns psychopathology spectrum.

Язык: Английский

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Gene discovery and pleiotropic architecture of Chronic Pain in a Genome-wide Association Study of >1.2 million Individuals

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

ABSTRACT Chronic pain is highly prevalent worldwide, and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a growing number of chronic loci. To further elucidate its genetic architecture, we leveraged data from 1,235,695 European ancestry individuals across three biobanks. In meta-analytic GWAS, 343 independent loci for pain, 92 which were new. Sex-specific meta-analyses revealed 115 (12 new) males (N = 583,066) 12 (two females 241,266). Multi-omics gene prioritization analyses highlighted 490 genes associated with through their effects on brain- blood-specific regulation. Loci increased risk also multiple other traits, Mendelian randomization showing that was causally psychiatric disorders, substance use C-reactive protein levels. variants exhibited pleiotropic associations cortical area brain structures. This study expands our knowledge the genetics pathogenesis, highlighting importance pleiotropy disorders elucidating multi-omic pathophysiology.

Язык: Английский

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What is the role of paternal genetic transmission on risk for PTSD and internalizing and externalizing disorders?

Psychological Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 55

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Background We utilize a novel contrastive genetic-epidemiological method, the Maternal Half-Sibling Families with Discordant Fathers (MHSFDF) design, to examine cross-generational genetic transmission of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related internalizing major depression (MD), externalizing disorders: alcohol use (AUD) drug (DUD). Methods Using Swedish national registries, we identified 72,467 maternal half-sibling pairs reared together whose biological fathers were discordant for diagnoses PTSD, MD, AUD, DUD. Offspring selected had have less than 1 year contact their affected fathers. examined differences in outcome within- cross-disorder risk diagnosis half-siblings an versus unaffected father. Results Paternal PTSD increased (HR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.05–1.96) MD 1.55, 1.28–1.88) offspring. It did not, however, elevate disorders (AUD or DUD). DUD, suggesting sharing vertically transmitted between these disorders. No sex effects found any studied diagnosis. Conclusions This study is first show cross-generation using MHSFDF design. The pattern broadly supported split.

Язык: Английский

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From Clinic to Mechanisms: Multi-Omics Provide New Insights into Cerebrospinal Fluid Metabolites and the Spectrum of Psychiatric Disorders

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Язык: Английский

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