Comparison of mental health symptoms before and during the covid-19 pandemic: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of 134 cohorts

BMJ, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown, С. e074224 - e074224

Опубликована: Март 8, 2023

To synthesise results of mental health outcomes in cohorts before and during the covid-19 pandemic.Systematic review.Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, Web Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, medRxiv, Open Science Framework Preprints.Studies comparing general health, anxiety symptoms, or depression symptoms assessed from 1 January 2020 later with collected 2018 to 31 December 2019 any population, comprising ≥90% same participants pandemic using statistical methods account for missing data. Restricted maximum likelihood random effects meta-analyses (worse representing positive change) were performed. Risk bias was an adapted Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist Prevalence Studies.As 11 April 2022, 94 411 unique titles abstracts including 137 studies 134 reviewed. Most high income (n=105, 77%) upper middle (n=28, 20%) countries. Among population studies, no changes found (standardised mean difference (SMD)change 0.11, 95% confidence interval -0.00 0.22) (0.05, -0.04 0.13), but worsened minimally (0.12, 0.01 0.24). women female participants, (0.22, 0.08 0.35), (0.20, 0.12 0.29), 0.05 0.40) by minimal small amounts. In 27 other analyses across outcome domains among subgroups than five suggested that amounts, two improvements. No subgroup experienced all domains. three data March late 2020, unchanged pre-covid-19 levels at both assessments increased initially then returned levels. Substantial heterogeneity risk present analyses.High many substantial suggest caution interpreting results. Nonetheless, most symptom change estimates close zero not statistically significant, significant magnitudes. Small negative occurred The authors will update this systematic review as more evidence accrues, study posted online (https://www.depressd.ca/covid-19-mental-health).PROSPERO CRD42020179703.

Язык: Английский

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COVID-19 and common mental health symptoms in the early phase of the pandemic: An umbrella review of the evidence

PLoS Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(4), С. e1004206 - e1004206

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2023

Background There remains uncertainty about the impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on mental health. This umbrella review provides a comprehensive overview association between and common disorders. We qualitatively summarized evidence from reviews with meta-analyses individual study-data in general population, healthcare workers, specific at-risk populations. Methods findings A systematic search was carried out 5 databases for peer-reviewed prevalence depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms during published December 31, until August 12, 2022. identified 123 which 7 provided standardized mean differences (SMDs) either longitudinal pre- to or cross-sectional compared matched pre-pandemic data. Methodological quality rated Assessment Multiple Systematic Reviews checklist scores (AMSTAR 2) instrument generally low moderate. Small but significant increases and/or health were reported people preexisting physical conditions, children (3 reviews; SMDs ranged 0.11 0.28). Mental depression significantly increased periods social restrictions (1 review; 0.41 0.83, respectively) anxiety did not (SMD: 0.26). Increases larger longer-lasting 0.16 0.23) than those (2 reviews: 0.12 0.18). Females showed increase males review: SMD 0.15). In disorders, any patient group, adolescents, students, no found SMD’s ranging −0.16 0.48). 116 pooled rates PTSD 9% 48% across Although heterogeneity studies high largely unexplained, assessment tools cut-offs used, age, sex gender, COVID-19 exposure factors be moderators some reviews. The major limitations are inability quantify explain included shortage within-person data multiple studies. Conclusions small consistent deterioration particularly early has been population chronic somatic Also, associations stronger females younger age groups others. Explanatory individual-level, exposure, time-course scarce inconsistencies For policy research, repeated assessments panels including vulnerable individuals recommended respond current future crises.

Язык: Английский

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Differentiating sex and gender in health research to achieve gender equity

Bulletin of the World Health Organization, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 101(10), С. 666 - 671

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023

Effectively tracking progress on initiatives focused gender equity requires clear differentiation between the terms sex and gender. Sex usually refers to a person's biological characteristics, whereas socially constructed roles norms. Although both are often treated as binaries, is spectrum may include intersex individuals. While interrelated, they sometimes conflated or used interchangeably in health data. Their fundamental distinctions, however, have implications for conduct of research design interventions targeting sex- gender-based disparities. We use example coronavirus disease 2019 show how conflating these data collection makes it difficult ascertain whether disparities infection rates, morbidity mortality determined by exact process collecting need be adapted specific contexts, there steps that can taken so better reflect differences concepts. Possible actions using two-step determine individuals, encouraging recognition intersex, third gender, transgender nonbinary people. There also needs acceptance commitment collectors editors; example, tools such Gender Equity Research checklist. With clearer distinctions foundational data, we achieve more accurate findings, better-tailored towards equity.Pour suivre efficacement les progrès des centrées sur l'égalité genres, il est impératif de distinguer clairement termes «sexe» et «genre». Le sexe fait généralement référence aux caractéristiques biologiques d'une personne, tandis que le genre se rapporte normes rôles socialement construits. Bien ces soient souvent considérés comme binaires, un spectre susceptible d'inclure individus intersexués. Tous deux sont étroitement liés; en revanche, ils parfois confondus ou employés synonymes dans données relatives à la santé. Pourtant, leurs différences fondamentales ont conséquences conduite recherches l'élaboration d'interventions ciblant disparités sanitaires fondées genre. Dans présent document, nous citons l'exemple maladie pour montrer que, lorsque assimilés l'un l'autre collecte données, devient difficile d'établir si entraîne variations au niveau taux d'infection, morbidité mortalité. Il pourrait s'avérer nécessaire d'adapter méthode utilisée recueillir certains contextes spécifiques; néanmoins, possible d'entreprendre démarches santé reflètent davantage entre Parmi envisagées figure l'usage d'un processus étapes, servant déterminer tant favorisant reconnaissance personnes intersexuées, du troisième genre, transgenres non binaires. Celles ceux chargés récolter rédiger doivent également faire preuve d'acceptation d'engagement, notamment recourant outils tels liste contrôle issue recommandations sexes genres recherche (Sex Research, SAGER). Mieux comprendre essentiels leur emploi aboutira résultats plus précis, pertinentes vers genres.Es necesaria una clara diferenciación los términos sexo y género para realizar seguimiento eficaz del progreso las iniciativas centradas igualdad género. Por lo general, el término hace referencia características biológicas persona, mientras funciones normas dicta sociedad. Aunque con frecuencia ambos tratan como binarios, es espectro puede albergar personas intersexuales. estos están relacionados sí, ocasiones confunden o utilizan indistintamente datos sanitarios. Sin embargo, diferencias fundamentales existen ellos, tienen implicaciones hora llevar cabo investigación diseño intervenciones disparidades sanitarios causa uso Utilizamos ejemplo enfermedad mostrar cómo hecho confundir recopilar datos, sea más difícil constatar existentes tasas infección, morbilidad mortalidad determinadas por posible necesario adaptar proceso exacto recopilación sobre contextos específicos, pueden adoptar medidas reflejen mejor conceptos. Las posibles incluyen compuesto dos pasos determinar tanto personas, fomentar reconocimiento intersexuales, tercer género, transgénero no binario. Del mismo modo, exista aceptación compromiso parte recopiladores editores investigaciones; ejemplo, mediante herramientas lista verificación Sexo e Igualdad Género Investigación. Con distinciones claras fundamentales, así manera utilizarlos sanitarios, podemos lograr resultados precisos, adaptadas mejores avances género.إن التتبع الفعال للتقدم المحرز في المبادرات التي تركز على المساواة بين النوعين يتطلب تمييزا واضحا مصطلحي الجنس والنوع. يشير عادة إلى الخصائص البيولوجية للشخص، بينما الأدوار والأعراف المعتادة اجتماعيًا. الرغم من أن كلا المصطلحين غالبًا ما يتم التعامل معهما أنهما ثنائيات، إلا عبارة عن فئة، قد يشمل الأفراد ثنائيي الجنس. متربطان، أنه أحيانًا الخلط بينهما أو استخدامها بشكل متبادل البيانات الصحية. الفروق الأساسية لها آثار إجراء الأبحاث، وتصميم التدخلات تستهدف الفوارق الصحية القائمة نحن نستخدم مثال مرض فيروس كورونا لإظهار كيف هذه المصطلحات جمع يجعل الصعب التأكد مما إذا كانت معدلات العدوى، والإصابة بالأمراض، والوفيات تحديدها حسب النوع. العملية الدقيقة لجمع حول والنوع تحتاج تكييفها مع أوضاع محددة، هناك خطوات يمكن اتخاذها حتى تعكس أفضل الاختلافات المفاهيم. تشمل الإجراءات المحتملة استخدام عملية مكونة خطوتين لتحديد جنس ونوعهم، وتشجيع الاعتراف بثنائيي الجنس، والجنس الثالث، والمتحولين جنسيًا، والأشخاص غير ويجب أيضًا يكون قبول والتزام جانب جامعي ومحرري الأبحاث؛ سبيل المثال، باستخدام أدوات مثل قائمة المراجعة الخاصة بالجنس والمساواة الأبحاث. ومع وجود فروق أكثر وضوحا الأساسية، وكيفية الصحية، يمكننا تحقيق نتائج بحثية دقة، وتدخلات مصممة أفضل، وإحراز تقدم نحو النوعين.有效跟踪以社会性别平等为重点的举措的进展，需要明确区分生理性别 (sex) 和社会性别 (gender) 这两个术语。生理性别通常是指一个人的生物特征，而社会性别则是指社会所构建的角色和规范。虽然这两个术语通常都被视为二元，但社会性别是一个范畴，而生理性别可能包括双性人。虽然这两个术语是相互关联的，但是在健康数据中它们有时会被合并或互换使用。然而，它们的根本区别会对针对基于生理性别和社会性别的健康差异进行的研究以及干预措施的制定产生影响。我们以新型冠状病毒肺炎为例来说明，在数据收集中混淆这些术语会如何导致难以确定感染率、发病率和死亡率的差异是否由生理性别或社会性别所决定。尽管收集生理性别和社会性别数据的确切过程可能需要根据具体情况进行调整，但可以采取一些措施，以使健康数据更好地反映这些概念之间的差异。可能采取的行动包括使用两步走数据收集流程来确定个人的生理性别或社会性别，并鼓励人们认同双性人、第三性别、跨性别者和非二元性别者。数据收集者和研究人员也需要表示认同并做出承诺；例如，通过使用诸如研究中的生理性别和社会性别平等清单之类的工具。通过更清晰地区分这些基本术语以及它们在健康数据中的使用方式，我们可以获得更准确的研究结果、更有针对性的制定干预措施，并在实现社会性别平等方面取得更好的进展。.Для эффективного отслеживания прогресса в реализации инициатив, направленных на обеспечение гендерного равенства, требуется четкое разграничение понятий «пол» и «гендер». Под полом обычно понимаются биологические характеристики человека, то время как гендер относится к социально обусловленным ролям нормам. Хотя оба термина часто трактуются бинарные, представляет собой спектр, а пол может включать себя интерсексуальных личностей. Несмотря что эти термины взаимосвязаны, медицинских данных их иногда смешивают или используют взаимозаменяемые. Однако фундаментальные различия оказывают влияние проведение исследований разработку мероприятий, устранение гендерных половых различий отношении здоровья. Для демонстрации того, смешение этих терминов при сборе затрудняет определение зависимости показателях инфицирования, заболеваемости смертности от пола гендера, используется пример коронавирусной болезни г. точный процесс сбора о поле гендере потребовать адаптации конкретным условиям, существуют шаги, которые можно предпринять для более четкого отражения между этими понятиями. В качестве возможных мер использоваться двухэтапный определения гендера также поощрение признания интерсексов, представителей третьего пола, трансгендеров гендерно небинарных людей. Также необходимо одобрение приверженность со стороны сборщиков редакторов исследований, например с помощью таких инструментов, контрольный перечень «Гендерное равенство исследованиях». Более основополагающих использование позволит получить точные результаты провести целенаправленные мероприятия добиться большего достижении равенства.

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COVID-19 Related Shifts in Social Interaction, Connection, and Cohesion Impact Psychosocial Health: Longitudinal Qualitative Findings from COVID-19 Treatment Trial Engaged Participants

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(16), С. 10264 - 10264

Опубликована: Авг. 18, 2022

While effective for slowing the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, public health measures, such as physical distancing and stay-at-home orders, have significantly shifted way people interact maintain social connections. To better understand how sought psychological support amid pandemic, we conducted a longitudinal qualitative evaluation participants enrolled in COVID-19 treatment trial (

Язык: Английский

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Comparison of Mental Health Symptoms Prior to and During COVID-19: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 134 Cohorts

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 11, 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives The rapid pace, high volume, and limited quality of mental health evidence that has been generated during COVID-19 poses a barrier to understanding outcomes. We sought summarize results from studies compared outcomes assessed prior in the same cohort general population other groups for which data have reported. Design Living systematic review. Data Sources MEDLINE (Ovid), PsycINFO CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE Web Science Core Collection: Citation Indexes, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, medRxiv (preprints), Open Framework Preprints (preprint server aggregator). Eligibility criteria selecting For this report, we included health, anxiety symptoms, or depression January 1, 2020 later, collected between 2018 December 31, 2019. Any was eligible. required ≥ 90% participants pre-COVID-19 be use statistical methods address missing data. with continuous at least two an outcome domain, conducted restricted maximum-likelihood random-effects meta-analyses. Worse are reported as positive. Risk bias using adapted version Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist Prevalence Studies. Results As April 11, 2022, had reviewed 94,411 unique titles abstracts identified 137 eligible 134 cohorts. Almost all were high-income (105, 77%) upper-middle income (28, 20%) countries. Among adult studies, did not find changes (standardized mean difference change [SMD = 0.11, 95% CI -0.00 0.22) symptoms (SMD 0.05, -0.04 0.13), but worsened minimally 0.12, 0.01 0.24). women females, by minimal small amounts 0.22, 0.08 0.35), 0.20, 0.12 0.29), 0.05 0.40). Of 27 analyses across domains, among subgroups than 5 suggested symptom worsening, 2 improvements. No subgroup experienced statistically significant domains. In 3 March later 2020, either unchanged both time points increased initially then returned levels. Heterogeneity measured I statistic (e.g., > 80%) most analyses, there concerning risk studies. Conclusions High many substantial heterogeneity suggest point estimates should interpreted cautiously. Nonetheless, consistency close zero significant, magnitudes. There were, however, negative females It is possible gaps allowed identification some vulnerable groups. Continued updating needed accrues. Funding: Canadian Institutes Health Research (CMS-171703; MS1-173070; GA4-177758; WI2-179944); McGill Interdisciplinary Initiative Infection Immunity Emergency Fund (R2-42). Registration: PROSPERO (CRD42020179703); registered on 17, 2020.

Язык: Английский

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Depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in a population-based cohort of young adults before and during the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada

Can J Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 114(3), С. 368 - 377

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede und Ungleichheiten der COVID-19 Pandemie: Eine Synthese systematischer Reviews unter Einbeziehung sexueller und geschlechtlicher Minderheiten

PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 74(02), С. 57 - 69

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Schon zu Beginn Pandemie zeigte sich, dass das Geschlecht eine maßgebliche Rolle bei Art und Weise spielt, wie Menschen von COVID-19 betroffen waren, wobei Betrachtung Geschlechtseffekten Aspekte Personen aus sexuellen geschlechtlichen Minderheiten (SGM) insgesamt weniger untersucht wurden. dieser Übersicht ist daher Synthese systematischer Reviews Meta-Analysen zum Thema COVID-19, unter Berücksichtigung SGM. Methodik Die narrative Ergebnisse basiert auf einer Literaturrecherche in PubMed. Eingeschlossen wurden systematische und/oder ab 2019 mit einem erkennbaren Geschlechtervergleich oder SGM-Bezug klinischen Outcome. Suche ergab 2 658 Treffer, 29 für die inhaltliche inkludiert. Davon konnten wir 23 Geschlechtervergleichen 8 Bezug SGM identifizieren. Männer zeigten im Vergleich Frauen höhere Prävalenz, einen höheren Schweregrad Mortalität COVID-19. psychischen Folgen haben Männern stärker betroffen. Es gibt Hinweise darauf, ein höheres Risiko Long-COVID-19 haben. erlebten während COVID-19-Pandemie verstärkt psychische Gesundheitsprobleme zur Gesamtbevölkerung. Diskussion zeigt biologische soziale Risiken unterschiedlicher Infektionsanfälligkeit Manifestation Erkrankung führten auch Unterschiede zwischen begründeten. Einblicke Krankheitslast fehlen. Dies deutet Unterrepräsentation bezogenen Forschung. Trotz Fülle an COVID-19-Publikationen Geschlechtereffekte oft nicht explizit ausreichend untersucht. Schlussfolgerung Zukünftige Studien sollten Geschlechterunterschiede Bedarfe Anliegen weitere Störungen bislang wenig untersuchte Entitäten untersuchen, um Erkenntnisse präventive Maßnahmen adäquate Behandlungen alle, künftige Pandemien, liefern.

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The effect of the pandemic on the care of other health conditions

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 835 - 852

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Gender inequality and cultural values in explaining gender differences in positive and negative emotions: A comparison of 24 countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

Current Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

Abstract The coronavirus pandemic posed a major challenge to mental health. Existing evidence shows that COVID-19 is related poor emotional well-being, particularly among women. However, most work on the subject uses single-country samples, limiting ability generalize disparity or explain it as function of societal variables. present study investigates expression positive and negative emotions during gender across 24 countries ( N = 49,637). Strong differences emerged countries, with women reporting more (anxious, depressed, nervous, exhausted) less (calm, content, relaxed, energetic) than men. gap in was significantly wider higher individualism narrower power distance. For instance, were larger Western high individualism, such USA, UK, Italy, France, smaller collectivism distance, China, Malaysia, South Korea, few exceptions like Japan Brazil. These not explained by country-level inequalities indicators (GGGI GII). Interestingly, national severity pandemic, an epidemiological factor, reduced emotions. results underscore importance considering cultural factors when assessing well-being.

Язык: Английский

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The COVID‐19 Pandemic and the Gender Mental Health Gap

Health Services Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

ABSTRACT Objective To examine the relationship between COVID‐19 pandemic and preexisting gender mental health gap in symptoms as well service utilization. Study Setting Design Using repeated cross‐sectional data, study compares American female male college students before after start of pandemic. Adjustments are made for trends. The constructs an overall index poor health, based on self‐reported utilization related to anxiety, depression, eating disorders. is also broken into gap; each analyzed separately by race, ethnicity, sexuality. Data Sources Analytic Sample draws secondary data from National College Health Assessment Surveys fall 2015 2022 focuses young students, ages 18–25 years old. Principal Findings gap, measured using increased 15.6% [95% CI: 5.67–25.6]. symptom disorders 38.8% 24.4–53.1] consistently observed across sexuality, except among non‐Hispanic Asian students. Minimal no long‐term significant differences anxiety depression. other hand, all illnesses, with slight increases Conclusions was accompanied exacerbation already existing rise In women men stayed constant during Action required understand address factors that led a women.

Язык: Английский

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