Microsatellite Instability in the Tumor Microenvironment: The Role of Inflammation and the Microbiome

Cancer Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(8)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a hallmark of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency that leads to genomic and increased cancer risk. The tumor microenvironment (TME) significantly influences MSI‐driven tumorigenesis, emerging evidence points critical role the microbiome in shaping this complex interplay. Methods This review comprehensively examines existing literature on intricate relationship between MSI, microbiome, development, with particular focus impact microbial dysbiosis TME. Results MSI‐high tumors exhibited immune cell infiltration owing generation neoantigens. However, evasion mechanisms such as PD‐1/CTLA‐4 upregulation limit efficacy checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) subset patients. Pathobionts, Fusobacterium nucleatum Bacteroides fragilis, contribute MSI through production genotoxins, further promoting inflammation oxidative stress within Conclusions profoundly affects tumorigenesis. Modulation gut microbiota interventions fecal transplantation, probiotics, dietary changes holds promise for improving ICI response rates. Further research into pharmacomicrobiomics, investigating interplay metabolites anticancer therapies, crucial developing personalized treatment strategies.

Язык: Английский

Microbiota and urinary tumor immunity: Mechanisms, therapeutic implications, and future perspectives

Chinese Journal of Cancer Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(6), С. 596 - 615

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский