Topical drug delivery strategies for enhancing drug effectiveness by skin barriers, drug delivery systems and individualized dosing

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2024

Topical drug delivery is widely used in various diseases because of the advantages not passing through gastrointestinal tract, avoiding irritation and hepatic first-pass effect, reaching lesion directly to reduce unnecessary adverse reactions. The skin helps organism defend itself against a huge majority external aggressions one most important lines defense body. However, skin’s strong barrier ability also obstacle effectiveness topical medications. Allowing bioactive, composition pass stratum corneum as needed reach target site essential need for exert its therapeutic effect. state barrier, choice system composition, individualized disease detection dosing planning influence Nowadays, enhancing transdermal absorption topically applied drugs hottest research area. first improve all drugs. Excessive enhances accumulation at non-target sites occurrence This paper introduces strategies from three perspectives: delivery, describes current status shortcomings research, provides new directions ideas research.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-omic integration of microbiome data for identifying disease-associated modules

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Март 23, 2024

Abstract Multi-omic studies of the human gut microbiome are crucial for understanding its role in disease across multiple functional layers. Nevertheless, integrating and analyzing such complex datasets poses significant challenges. Most notably, current analysis methods often yield extensive lists disease-associated features (e.g., species, pathways, or metabolites), without capturing multi-layered structure data. Here, we address this challenge by introducing “MintTea”, an intermediate integration-based approach combining canonical correlation extensions, consensus analysis, evaluation protocol. MintTea identifies “disease-associated multi-omic modules”, comprising from omics that shift concord collectively associate with disease. Applied to diverse cohorts, captures modules high predictive power, cross-omic correlations, alignment known microbiome-disease associations. For example, samples a metabolic syndrome study, module serum glutamate- TCA cycle-related metabolites, along bacterial species linked insulin resistance. In another dataset, associated late-stage colorectal cancer, including Peptostreptococcus Gemella fecal amino acids, line these species’ activity their coordinated gradual increase cancer development. This work demonstrates potential advanced integration generating systems-level, multifaceted hypotheses underlying interactions.

Язык: Английский

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Adverse childhood experiences and reoccurrence of illness impact the gut microbiome, which affects suicidal behaviours and the phenome of major depression: towards enterotypic phenotypes

Acta Neuropsychiatrica, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(6), С. 328 - 345

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023

The first publication demonstrating that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with alterations in the gut microbiota appeared 2008 (Maes et al., 2008). purpose of present study to delineate a) microbiome signature phenome depression, including suicidal behaviours (SB) and cognitive deficits; effects adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) recurrence illness index (ROI) on microbiome; lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc). We determined isometric log-ratio abundances or prevalences phyla, genera, species by analysing stool samples from 37 healthy Thai controls 32 MDD patients using 16S rDNA sequencing. Six taxa accounted for 36% variance depression phenome, namely Hungatella Fusicatenibacter (positive associations) Butyricicoccus, Clostridium, Parabacteroides merdae, Desulfovibrio piger (inverse association). This profile (labelled enterotype 1) indicates compositional dysbiosis, strongly predicted ACE ROI, linked SB. A second was developed a decrease HDLc an increase atherogenic plasma (Bifidobacterium, P. Romboutsia were positively associated, while Proteobacteria Clostridium sensu stricto negatively associated). Together, enterotypes 1 2 explained 40.4% conjunction 39.9% current In conclusion, microimmuneoxysome potential new drug target treatment severe SB possibly prevention future episodes.

Язык: Английский

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Structural diversity, hypothetical biosynthesis, chemical synthesis, and biological activity ofGanodermameroterpenoids

Natural Product Reports, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 40(8), С. 1354 - 1392

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

This review comprehensively summaries the structure diversity and possible biosynthesis of representative Ganoderma meroterpenoids (GMs), as well chemical synthesis pharmacological activities some significant GMs.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome-metabolites axis: A friend or foe to colorectal cancer progression

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 173, С. 116410 - 116410

Опубликована: Март 9, 2024

An expanding corpus of research robustly substantiates the complex interrelation between gut microbiota and onset, progression, metastasis colorectal cancer. Investigations in both animal models human subjects have consistently underscored role bacteria a variety metabolic activities, driven by dietary intake. These activities include amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate fermentation, generation regulation bile acids. derivatives, turn, been identified as significant contributors to progression This thorough review meticulously explores dynamic interaction metabolites derived from breakdown acids, fatty synthesis. Notably, acids recognized for their potential carcinogenic properties, which may expedite tumor development. Extensive has revealed reciprocal influence on intricate spectrum cancer pathologies. Furthermore, strategies modulate microbiota, such modifications or probiotic supplementation, offer promising avenues prevention adjunctive treatment Nevertheless, additional is imperative corroborate these findings enhance our comprehension underlying mechanisms

Язык: Английский

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Amino Acid Metabolism and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

American Journal Of Pathology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 194(4), С. 510 - 524

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Emerging tools and best practices for studying gut microbial community metabolism

Nature Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(7), С. 1225 - 1236

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived fatty acid and sterol metabolites: biotransformation and immunomodulatory functions

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

Commensal microorganisms in the human gut produce numerous metabolites by using small molecules derived from host or diet as precursors. Host dietary lipid are involved energy metabolism and maintaining structural integrity of cell membranes. Notably, microbes can convert these lipids into bioactive signaling through their biotransformation synthesis pathways. These microbiota-derived affect physiology influencing body's immune metabolic processes. This review aims to summarize recent advances microbial transformation immunomodulatory functions metabolites, with a special focus on fatty acids steroids produced our microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial extracellular vesicles in the initiation, progression and treatment of atherosclerosis

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, current anti-atherosclerosis drugs have shown conflicting therapeutic outcomes, thereby spurring search for novel effective treatments. Recent research indicates crucial involvement oral gastrointestinal microbiota in atherosclerosis. While gut metabolites, such as choline derivatives, been extensively studied reviewed, emerging evidence suggests that bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), which are membrane-derived lipid bilayers secreted by bacteria, also play a significant role this process. BEVs host-microbiota interactions remains insufficiently explored. This review aims to elucidate complex communication mediated along gut-heart axis. In review, we summarize knowledge on BEVs, with specific focus how pathogen-derived contribute promotion atherosclerosis, well from symbionts probiotics may mitigate its progression. We explore potential challenges associated engineered prevention treatment Finally, discuss benefits using atherosclerosis diagnosis treatment, propose future directions address these issues.

Язык: Английский

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Ningxiang pig-derived lactobacillus reuteri modulates host intramuscular fat deposition via branched-chain amino acid metabolism

Microbiome, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Abstract Background Gut microbiota has been extensively demonstrated to modulate host lipid metabolism. Higher intramuscular fat (IMF) accumulation in Chinese indigenous breed pigs is associated with their special gut structure. However, the specific microbes and metabolic pathways responsible for deposition are still poorly understood. Results In present study, a comparative analysis of metabolome obese Ningxiang (NX) lean Duroc × Landrace Yorkshire (DLY) was conducted. The results revealed higher abundance lactobacilli correlation branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism pathway NX pigs. We proceeded verify roles various strains originating from BCAA lipids SD rats. that L. reuteri fundamental species modulating increased circulating levels positively linked greater deposition. Additionally, it verified ability improve synthesis enhance IMF content DLY expression genes related also significantly upregulated. Conclusions Taken together, our imply pig-derived regulates plays potential role improving meat quality pig breeds through modulation provide new strategy commercial by influencing supplementing dietary additives.

Язык: Английский

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